100 Peaks of Taiwan

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The Baiyue (Mandarin:台灣百嶽; Pīnyīn: Táiwān bǎiyuè) is a list of one hundred mountains in Taiwan. They were chosen by a group of prominent Taiwanese hikers from mountains known at the time to be over 3,000 meters in height. The selection criteria included uniqueness, danger, height, beauty and prominence. Preference was also given to peaks already named and those with triangulation points.[1][2] As such, "Top" does not refer strictly to the highest peaks by elevation, but rather peaks most worth hiking. The list was intended to promote enthusiasm for high-altitude hiking in Taiwan.[3] In the resulting list of one hundred peaks, 69 peaks were in the Central Mountain Range, the largest of Taiwan's five principal mountain ranges, while 19 were in the Xueshan Range, and 12 were in the Yushan Range.[4] The Alishan Range and Coastal Mountain Range, being below 3,000m, have no peaks in the list of Baiyue.

History[]

Taiwan has one of the highest densities of tall mountains in the world.[citation needed] To promote mountain hiking, the Taiwan Alpine Association began developing a list of top 100 peaks for Taiwan. Wen-An Lin, after a 1971 crossing of the Central Mountain Range, set about drawing up the list. After extensive consultation with Ching-Chang Tsai, Tian-Cheng Hsing, Tung-San Ting and other prominent hikers of the day, the list of Baiyue was finalized.[1]

Upon completion of the list, hiking the Baiyue immediately became one of the primary goals of avid hikers in Taiwan.[1][2][5][6][7] Finishing the Baiyue is no easy task, however. For aspiring Baiyue hikers, the Five Mountains, Three Peaks, and One Miracle 五嶽三尖一奇, whose unique beauty best represents the grandeur of Taiwan's high mountains, became a popular starting point. Other popular sets of peaks include the Harsh Ten and Four Beauties 十峻四秀. Many begin with the more easily accessible peaks in the Hehuanshan area.

There are actually over 260 mountains over 3,000 meters in Taiwan, many of which were not listed in the Baiyue, but nonetheless impressive. Therefore, some criticism remains over the inclusion of certain mountains on the list, and the exclusion of others, such as Chushan in the Dongjunshan Chain, and Mutelebushan near Xueshan's North Peak. Some have argued that these peaks should be in the Baiyue, while peaks such as Jupenshan, Lushan, Nanhubeishan, Shenmazhenshan, Jianshan, and Bulakesangshan, should be taken off the list. Also, when resurveying was carried out long after the Baiyue list was completed, it was found that Liushunshan and Lushan were under 3,000m. However, as the Baiyue already enjoyed such widespread acceptance, they were not removed from the list and remain there to this day.

Complete listing of Baiyue[]

The following is a complete listing of the 100 Taiwanese mountain peaks commonly known as the Baiyue:

#
Mountain
[8]
Elevation
[8]		 Difficulty Location National park
located in		 List Pictures
1 Yushan[i] 3952 m
12966 ft 		A Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Chiayi County Yushan Five Mountains #1[a]
Three Peaks #1[b]		 Yushan(jade mountain) in the morning.jpg
2 Xueshan[ii] 3886 m
12749 ft 		A Miaoli County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Five Mountains #2[a]
High Three #2[b]		 HsuehMountain3.jpg
3 3869 m
12694 ft 		C+ Nantou County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Harsh Ten #1[c] JadeMountainEasternPeak.jpg
4 3858 m
12657 ft 		B Nantou County Yushan Eight Beauties #1[d]
JadeMountainNorthernPeak.jpg
5 3844 m
12612 ft 		C+ Kaohsiung City Yushan Harsh Ten #2[c] JadeMountainSouthernPeak.jpg
6 Xiuguluanshan[iii] 3825 m
12549 ft 		B Hualien County, Nantou County Yushan Five Mountains #3[a] Siougulan.JPG
7 Mabolasishan[iv] 3785 m
12418 ft 		C+ Hualien County, Nantou County Yushan Harsh Ten #3[c]
8 Nanhudashan 3742 m
12277 ft 		B Taichung City Taroko Five Mountains #4[a] NanhuMountain 02.jpg
9 3711 m
12175 ft 		C Kaohsiung City Yushan Level Nine #1[e] Dongxiaonanshan.JPG
10 Central Range Point 3705 m
12156 ft 		C+ Taichung City, Hualien County Taroko Three Peaks #1[f] Zhongyangjianshan.JPG
11 [v] 3703 m
12149 ft 		C+ Miaoli County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Gentle Ten #2[g] HsuehMountainNorthenPeak.jpg
12 Guanshan[vi] 3668 m
12034 ft 		C Taitung County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Harsh Ten #4[c]
13 3642 m
11949 ft 		B Hualien County, Nantou County Yushan Gentle Ten #1[g]
14 [vii] 3632 m
11916 ft 		B Taichung City, Hualien County, Yilan County Taroko Rocky Ten #1[h]
15 Dongjundashan[viii] 3619 m
11873 ft 		C+ Nantou County Majestic Ten #1[i]
16 Qilaishan North Peak 3607 m
11834 ft 		B Hualien County Taroko Harsh Ten #5[c]
Ominous One[j]		 奇萊北峰.JPG
17 Xiangyangshan[ix] 3603 m
11821 ft 		A Kaohsiung City, Taitung County Yushan Eight Beauties #2[d]
18 Dajianshan[x] 3594 m
11791 ft 		B Taichung City Shei-Pa Harsh Ten #6[c] Mt.Dajian 20170702.jpg
19 Yunfeng[xi] 3564 m
11693 ft 		C Kaohsiung City Yushan Lofty Nine #1[k]
20 Qilaishan[xii] 3560 m
11680 ft 		B Hualien County, Nantou County Taroko Lofty Nine #2[k] MountainChiLai.jpg
21 [xiii] 3546 m
11634 ft 		C+ Nantou County, Hualien County Yushan Rocky Ten #2[h]
22 [xiv] 3536 m
11601 ft 		B Yilan County, Taichung City Taroko Majestic Ten #2[i] NorthernNanhuMountain.jpg
23 Daxueshan 3530 m
11581 ft 		C Miaoli County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Majestic Ten #3[i] Mt.DaXue 20180422.jpg
24 Pintianshan[xv] 3524 m
11562 ft 		B Hsinchu County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Harsh Ten #7[c]
Four Beauties #1[l]		 PintienMountain2.jpg
25 [xvi] 3518 m
11542 ft 		A Chiayi County, Nantou County Yushan Verdant Ten #4[m] JadeMountainWesternPeak.jpg
26 3510 m
11516 ft 		C Taichung City, Miaoli County Shei-Pa Lofty Nine #3[k] Mt.TouYing 20180422.jpg
27 Sanchashan[xvii] 3496 m
11470 ft 		A Hualien County, Taitung County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Majestic Ten #3[i] Trigeminal Hill.jpg
28 Dabajianshan[xviii] 3492 m
11457 ft 		A Hsinchu County, Miaoli County Shei-Pa Three Peaks #2[f] Mt Dabajian-winter view.jpg
29 3475 m
11401 ft 		C Taichung City, Hualien County Taroko Rocky Ten #5[h]
30 3468 m
11378 ft 		C+ Nantou County Eight Beauties #3[d]
31 Wumingshan[xix] 3451 m
11322 ft 		C+ Taichung City, Hualien County Taroko Harsh Ten #8[c]
32 [xx] 3449 m
11316 ft 		C Taichung City, Hualien County Taroko Little Eight #1[n]
33 [xxi] 3443 m
11296 ft 		C+ Hualien County Yushan Majestic Ten #5[i]
34 3422 m
11227 ft 		A Nantou County, Hualien County Taroko Majestic Ten #6[i] 合歡北峰草原.JPG
35 3421 m
11224 ft 		A Nantou County, Hualien County Taroko Lofty Nine #4[k] Hehuan East Peak.jpg
36 3418 m
11214 ft 		B Miaoli County Shei-Pa Craggy Eight #2[o]
37 Hehuanshan Main Peak 3417 m
11211 ft 		A Nantou County Taroko Gentle Ten #3[g] Hehuanshan.jpg
38 3383 m
11099 ft 		C Kaohsiung City Yushan Gentle Ten #4[g] South Yushan.JPG
39 [xxii] 3371 m
11060 ft 		A Hualien County, Nantou County Taroko Narrow Eight #3[p]
40 Zhuoshedashan 3369 m
11053 ft 		C Nantou County Lofty Nine #5[k]
41 3358 m
11017 ft 		A Nantou County Majestic Ten #7[i] ChiLaiSouthPeak.jpg
42 3356 m
11010 ft 		C Hualien County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Lofty Nine #6[k]
43 Nenggaoshan South Peak 3349 m
10988 ft 		C Nantou County, Hualien County Harsh Ten #9[c]
44 3345 m
10974 ft 		A Taichung City Shei-Pa Eight Beauties #4[d]
45 Baigudashan[xxiii] 3342 m
10965 ft 		B Nantou County, Taichung City Verdant Ten #7[m]
46 3335 m
10942 ft 		A Nantou County Yushan Craggy Eight #3[o]
47 Xinkangshan[xxiv] 3331 m
10928 ft 		C Hualien County Yushan Harsh Ten #10[c]
48 3325 m
10909 ft 		C Nantou County, Hualien County Nine Walls #3[q]
49 Taoshan 3325 m
10909 ft 		A Hsinchu County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Eight Beauties #5[d]
Four Beauties #2[l]
50 [xxv] 3314 m
10873 ft 		B Taichung City Shei-Pa Craggy Eight #4[o]
51 3310 m
10860 ft 		C Miaoli County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Craggy Eight #5[o] Mt.HuoShi 20180421.jpg
52 [xxvi] 3303 m
10837 ft 		A Hsinchu County, Taichung City Shei-Pa Simple Six #1[r]
Four Beauties #3[l]		 ChiYouMountain.jpg
53 [xxvii] 3297 m
10817 ft 		A Miaoli County, Hsinchu County Shei-Pa Simple Six #2[r]
54 3295 m
10810 ft 		C Kaohsiung City, Taitung County Majestic Ten #8[i]
55 3284 m
10774 ft 		C Nantou County Narrow Eight #4[p]
56 Taroko Mountain 3283 m
10771 ft 		C+ Hualien County Taroko Majestic Ten #9[i]
57 [xxviii] 3279 m
10758 ft 		C Kaohsiung City Yushan Craggy Eight #7[o]
58 3276 m
10748 ft 		C+ Hualien County Yushan Remote Nine #4[s]
59 3275 m
10745 ft 		C Hualien County Majestic Ten #10[i]
60 3272 m
10735 ft 		B Taichung City, Hualien County Taroko Eight Beauties #6[d]
61 3265 m
10712 ft 		A Nantou County Yushan Eight Beauties #7[d] Junda Mountain.JPG
62 Nenggaoshan[xxix] 3262 m
10702 ft 		C Nantou County, Hualien County Lofty Nine #7[k]
High Three #3[b]		 NengGauMountain.jpg
63 [xxx] 3258 m
10689 ft 		C Nantou County Remote Nine #5[s]
64 [xxxi] 3253 m
10673 ft 		C Taichung City Shei-Pa Nine Walls #5[q]
65 Pingfengshan 3250 m
10663 ft 		B Hualien County Taroko Nine Walls #6[q]
66 3249 m
10659 ft 		C Kaohsiung City, Taitung County Lofty Nine #8[k]
67 3245 m
10646 ft 		C+ Hualien County, Nantou County Steep Seven #4[t]
68 [xxxii] 3241 m
10633 ft 		C Nantou County Simple Six #5[r]
69 3239 m
10627 ft 		A Chiayi County, Nantou County Yushan Simple Six #5[r]
70 3237 m
10620 ft 		A Hualien County, Nantou County Taroko Little Eight #2[n] 石門山.JPG
71 [xxxiii] 3231 m
10600 ft 		C+ Nantou County Nine Walls #7[q]
72 [xxxiv] 3222 m
10571 ft 		A Taitung County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Steep Seven #5[t]
73 [xxxv] 3211 m
10535 ft 		C Yilan County, Hualien County Taroko Level Nine #7[e]
74 [xxxvi] 3208 m
10525 ft 		C Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Hualien County Yushan Three Peaks #3[f]
75 [xxxvii] 3201 m
10502 ft 		A Taichung City Shei-Pa Little Eight #3[n] HsuehMountainEastenPeak.jpg
76 [xxxviii] 3184 m
10446 ft 		A Nantou County, Hualien County Narrow Eight #6[p] NanHuaMountain.jpg
77 3176 m
10420 ft 		A Taitung County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Narrow Eight #7[p]
78 3174 m
10413 ft 		C Taitung County, Kaohsiung City Gentle Ten #6[g]
79 3173 m
10410 ft 		A Miaoli County Shei-Pa Verdant Ten #8[m] Mt.ZhongXue 20180422.jpg
80 3168 m
10394 ft 		A Taichung City Taroko Eight Beauties #8[d]
81 [xxxix] 3158 m
10361 ft 		C+ Hualien County, Taichung City Taroko Little Eight #6[n]
82 3145 m
10318 ft 		A Nantou County Taroko Verdant Ten #9[m]
83 [xl] 3141 m
10305 ft 		A Yilan County, Taichung City Taroko Contiguous Six #1[u]
84 [xli] 3133 m
10279 ft 		A Hsinchu County, Yilan County Shei-Pa Contiguous Six #2[u]
Four Beauties #4[l]		 Kalayeshan.JPG
85 3115 m
10220 ft 		A Kaohsiung City Yushan Remote Nine #8[s]
86 [xlii] 3112 m
10210 ft 		A Miaoli County Shei-Pa Contiguous Six #3[u]
87 Baishishan 3110 m
10203 ft 		C Nantou County, Hualien County Steep Seven #6[t]
88 [xliii] 3106 m
10190 ft 		C Hualien County Taroko Remote Nine #9[s]
89 3101 m
10174 ft 		C Hualien County Taroko Gentle Ten #8[g]
90 [xliv] 3092 m
10144 ft 		A Pingtung County, Taitung County Five Mountains #5[a]
91 [xlv] 3081 m
10108 ft 		A Nantou County Steep Seven #7[t] Mt. Xiluanda 20151213.jpg
92 3070 m
10072 ft 		C Hualien County, Kaohsiung City Yushan Craggy Eight #8[o]
93 [xlvi] 3069 m
10069 ft 		C Hualien County Taroko Rocky Ten #9[h]
94 [xlvii] 3068 m
10066 ft 		C Hualien County, Nantou County Gentle Ten #9[g]
95 [xlviii] 3060 m
10039 ft 		C Nantou County, Hualien County Level Nine #8[e]
96 3035 m
9957 ft 		A Hualien County Taroko Narrow Eight #8[p]
97 [xlix] 3026 m
9928 ft 		C Taitung County, Hualien County Nine Walls #9[q]
98 [l] 3022 m
9915 ft 		C+ Nantou County Yushan Contiguous Six #4[u]
99 2999 m
9839 ft 		B Nantou County, Hualien County Level Nine #9[e]
100 2981 m
9780 ft 		C Kaohsiung City Yushan Contiguous Six #6[u] Lushan Taiwan.JPG

Notes[]

Designated lists[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e The Five Mountains are the highest in their region, and they include famous mountains such as Yushan and Xueshan. They are a must for all Baiyue hikers.[9]
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c During the Japanese rule in Taiwan, the three peaks had the character for "high" (高) in their name, which are rarely used today.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j The Harsh Ten are prominent, steep peaks not included in the Five Mountains, Three Peaks, and One Miracle.[9]
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h The Eight Beauties were chosen for their beautiful landscapes, gentle slope, meadows of short bamboo and lack of rock scrambling.[9]
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Level Nine are wide, flat peaks without large rocks or trees, only short bamboo. Comfortable, easy walking.[9][10]
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c The Three Peaks are famous for their beauty and conical shape.[9]
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g The Gentle Ten have an overall smooth profile, with gentle slopes and little climbing or scrambling needed.[9]
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Rocky Ten have rocky peaks that require scrambling or climbing to summit.[9]
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j The Majestic Ten were chosen for their size and prominence, wide peaks, gentle slope and serene nature.[9]
  10. ^ Qilaishan North Peak, the Ominous One, is located along the northern end of the Central Mountain Range's central spine. The ascent is steep and difficult in parts, and the dark fragmented slate covering the western face has earned it the nickname "Black Qilai". Some sources spell Qilai "Chilai".
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h The Lofty Nine are tall conspicuous peaks, catching the eye more than neighboring peaks.[9]
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Four Beauties are also known as the Wuling Sixiu[11] due to their proximity to Wuling Farm. Each of these four peaks has its own unique characteristics. The "Four Beauties" initially chosen by Tian-Cheng Hsing were , , and , while was listed as one of the Harsh Ten. However, since Shilunshan was not a Baiyue, hikers began recognizing Pintianshan as one of the Four Beauties instead.[12]
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Verdant Ten have trails that wind through lush green forests of tall, twisting trees and bamboo.[9]
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Little Eight are small peaks with gentle slopes that can be easily reached as part of a longer trip.[9]
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f The Craggy Eight jut out from the surrounding terrain and are surrounded by cliffs and difficult terrain.[9]
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e The Narrow Eight have long narrow ridgelines with cliffs or steep slopes on both sides.[9]
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e These mountains rise up like a wall, wide and flat, blocking the view of a large area like a screen.[9]
  18. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Simple Six trails are offshoots from another main trail, short in distance and not very strenuous. They are easy side trips when hiking the parent trail.[9]
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Remote Nine are on distant offshoots of their mountain range and are not easily combined with other peaks into a single journey.[9]
  20. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Steep mountains with cliffs and loose rocks.[9]
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e The Contiguous Six are near other high peaks, and can be reached along a ridge that extends down from the higher peak. They have fairly level trails, the peaks are named and there is some sort of survey marker.[9]

Alternative names and other remarks[]

  1. ^ Formerly known as Niitakayama, Mt. Morrison; This mountain is the highest point of Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Chiayi County.
  2. ^ Formerly known as Tsugitakayama, Mt. Sylvia; Highest point of Miaoli County, Taichung City.
  3. ^ Other names: Mahuolasishan
  4. ^ Other names: Wulamengshan
  5. ^ Other names: Yuliyulishan
  6. ^ Highest point of Taitung County
  7. ^ Highest point of Yilan County
  8. ^ Other names: Kayixishan
  9. ^ Other names: Hongyeshan
  10. ^ Other names: Baduowanuominshan
  11. ^ Other names: Cloud Peak
  12. ^ Other names: Qilaishan Main Peak
  13. ^ Other names: Tabilashan
  14. ^ Other names: Bayoushan
  15. ^ Other names: Boqinxilunshan
  16. ^ Other names: Tiancuifeng
  17. ^ Other names: Xiaxueshashan
  18. ^ Other names: Jiutongshan; Highest point of Hsinchu County
  19. ^ Other names: Qusheshan, Gaotianshan
  20. ^ Other names: Nanhunanshan
  21. ^ Other names: Lagashan, Bainanshan
  22. ^ Other names: Lagashan
  23. ^ Other names: Baigoudashan
  24. ^ Other names: Xinguanshan
  25. ^ Other names: Adubanshan
  26. ^ Other names: Yuluofushan
  27. ^ Other names: Jiangzeshan
  28. ^ Other names: Majiangzhizishan
  29. ^ Formerly known as: Noutakayama
  30. ^ Other names: Huoshan
  31. ^ Other names: Xiaojianshan
  32. ^ Other names: Ganzhuowanshan Southeast Peak
  33. ^ Other names: Maxirouganshan
  34. ^ Other names: Daguanshan
  35. ^ Other names: Mameishan
  36. ^ Other names: Jianshan
  37. ^ Other names: Mingjianshan
  38. ^ Other names: Nenggaoshan North Peak
  39. ^ Other names: Central Range Point, Yam Peak
  40. ^ Other names: Yezhenjialuosuishan
  41. ^ Other names: Jialiupingshan
  42. ^ Other names: Maibalabianshan
  43. ^ Other names: Shanyuanshan
  44. ^ Other names: Dawushan; Highest point in Pingtung County
  45. ^ Other names: Luandashan
  46. ^ Other names: Tacijilishan
  47. ^ Other names: Andongjunshan
  48. ^ Other names: Zhiyaganshan
  49. ^ Other names: Wulagusanshan
  50. ^ Other names: Yumabogeshan

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c 臺灣百岳小史 (Short History of Taiwan's Baiyue), accessed 03 June 2015.]
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Lonely Planet; Robert Kelly; Chung Wah Chow (1 February 2014). Lonely Planet Taiwan. Lonely Planet Publications. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-74321-835-8.
  3. ^ Yeh, Joseph (2011-01-31). "Fulfill your dreams while you are young, says daring hiker Lin Cheng-han". The China Post. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  4. ^ 頁面歷史: 台灣百岳[permanent dead link], National Park Mountaineering School (History: Taiwan's Baiyue), accessed 03 June 2015.
  5. ^ Huang, Chao-kuo (2007-12-24). "Taiwanese Scales World's Peaks". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  6. ^ Bartholomew, Ian (2001-08-19). "Taiwan's rivers offer vast potential for adventure". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  7. ^ Bartholomew, Ian (2013-03-20). "Mountain lore". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Chinese Taipei Alpine Association 百岳一覽表 Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 03 June 2015.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r 台灣山嶽導覽入門篇 by H領隊 Archived 2015-05-18 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 03 June 2015.
  10. ^ 奇萊主峰濃霧積雪 救難人員舉步維艱, Eastern Daily News, accessed 03 June 2015.
  11. ^ Taiwan's Most Spectacular Hiking Trails, Wanderlust travel magazine, accessed 03 June 2015.
  12. ^ 第二世代台灣百嶽全集上冊,戶外生活圖書股份有限公司,陳遠見主編,2007年8月31日初版, ISBN 9789866994395.
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