111th United States Congress

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111th United States Congress
110th ←
→ 112th
Capitol - panoramio.jpg
United States Capitol (2009)

January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
Members100 senators
435 representatives
6 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentDick Cheney (R)
(until January 20, 2009)
Joe Biden (D)
(from January 20, 2009)
House MajorityDemocratic
House SpeakerNancy Pelosi (D)
Sessions
1st: January 6, 2009 – December 24, 2009
2nd: January 5, 2010 – December 22, 2010
View of a large portion of a large ceremony with visible red, white and blue ornamentation and a crowd of attendees
Inauguration of Barack Obama at the U.S. Capitol, January 20, 2009.
President Obama signing the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 into law, January 29, 2009.
Sonia Sotomayor testifying before the Senate Judiciary Committee on her appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, July 13, 2009.
President Obama addressing Congress regarding health care reform, September 9, 2009.
Tea Party protests in front of the U.S. Capitol, September 12, 2009.
President Obama delivering the 2010 State of the Union Address, January 25, 2010.
President Obama signing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law, March 23, 2010.
Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy swearing in Elena Kagan during her first day of testimony on her appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, June 28, 2010
Congressional leaders meeting with President Obama, November 30, 2010.
President Obama signing the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act of 2010 into law, January 2, 2011.

The 111th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government from January 3, 2009, until January 3, 2011. It began during the last two weeks of the George W. Bush administration, with the remainder spanning the first two years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The apportionment of seats in the House was based on the 2000 U.S. Census.[1][2][3]

In the November 2008 elections, the Democratic Party increased its majorities in both chambers (including - when factoring in the two Democratic caucusing independents - a brief filibuster-proof 60-40 supermajority in the Senate), and with Barack Obama being sworn in as President on January 20, 2009, this gave a Democrats an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 103rd Congress in 1993.

However, the Senate supermajority only lasted for a period of 72 working days while the Senate was actually in session. A new delegate seat was created for the Northern Mariana Islands.[4] The 111th Congress had the most long-serving members in history: at the start of the 111th Congress, the average member of the House had served 10.3 years, while the average Senator had served 13.4 years.[5] The Democratic Party would not simultaneously control both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate again until more than a decade later, during the 117th Congress.

Major events[]

  • January 2009: Two Senate seats were disputed when the Congress convened:
    1. An appointment dispute over the Illinois seat vacated by President Barack Obama arose following Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich's solicitation of bribes in exchange for an appointment to the Senate. Roland Burris (D) was appointed to the seat on December 31, 2008, but his credentials were not accepted until January 12, 2009.
    2. An election dispute over the Minnesota seat previously held by Norm Coleman (R), between Coleman and challenger Al Franken (D), was decided on June 30, 2009, in favor of Franken.[6] Franken's admission gave the Senate Democratic caucus sixty votes, enough to defeat a filibuster in a party-line vote.[7]
  • January 8, 2009: Joint session counted the Electoral College votes of the 2008 presidential election.[8]
  • January 20, 2009: Barack Obama became President of the United States.
  • February 24, 2009: President's speech to a Joint Session
  • April 28, 2009: Senator Arlen Specter switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.[9]
  • September 9, 2009: President Obama addressed a joint session of Congress to promote health care reform, which Representative Joe Wilson (R) interrupted by shouting at the President.
  • January 21, 2010: Citizens United v. FEC: The U.S. Supreme Court struck down limits on campaign contributions by nonprofits, corporations, labor unions and other associations.
  • January 25, 2010: 2010 State of the Union Address
  • February 4, 2010: Republican Scott Brown's election to the Senate ended the Democratic supermajority.[10]
  • April 20 – September 19, 2010: Deepwater Horizon oil spill
  • November 2, 2010: 2010 general elections, in which Republicans regained control of the House while the Democrats remained in control of the Senate.

Major legislation[]

Enacted[]

Health care reform[]

At the encouragement of the Obama administration, Congress devoted significant time considering health care reform. In March 2010, Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law, the first comprehensive health care reform legislation in decades that created the first National health insurance program, along with further amendments in the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010. Other major reform proposals during the health care debate included:

  • Affordable Health Care for America Act (known as the House bill)
  • America's Healthy Future Act (known as the Baucus bill)
  • Healthy Americans Act (known as the Wyden/Bennett bill)
  • United States National Health Care Act (known as the Conyers bill, a single payer proposal)
  • Physician Payments Sunshine Act

Proposed[]

Proposed bills include (in alphabetical order):[a]

Vetoed[]

  • December 30, 2009: H.J.Res. 64, a continuing appropriations resolution that became unnecessary
  • October 7, 2010: H.R. 3808,

Treaties ratified[]

  • December 22, 2010: New START (111-5)

Major nomination hearings[]

  • January–April 2009: Senate held confirmation hearings for Barack Obama's cabinet.
  • July 13–16, 2009: Senate Committee on the Judiciary held a hearing on Sonia Sotomayor's appointment to the United States Supreme Court.
  • June 28–30, 2010: Senate Committee on the Judiciary held a hearing on Elena Kagan's appointment to the United States Supreme Court.

Impeachments[]

Party summary[]

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section, below.

Senate[]

The United States Senate (in 2010)
Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total
Democratic Independent
(caucusing with
Democrats)
Republican Vacant
End of previous Congress 48 2 49 99 1
Begin 55 2 41 98 2
January 15, 2009 56 99 1
January 20, 2009 55 98 2
January 26, 2009 56 99 1
April 30, 2009 57 40
July 7, 2009 58 100 0
August 25, 2009 57 99 1
September 9, 2009 39 98 2
September 10, 2009 40 99 1
September 25, 2009 58 100 0
February 4, 2010 57 41
June 28, 2010 56 99 1
July 16, 2010 57 100 0
November 29, 2010 56 42
Final voting share 58% 42%
Beginning of the next Congress 51 2 47 100 0

House of Representatives[]

Final House Membership
     255 Democrats
     179 Republicans

     1 Vacant
Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total
Democratic Republican Vacant
End of previous Congress 235 198 433 2
Begin 256 178 434 1
January 26, 2009 255 433 2
February 24, 2009 254 432 3
March 31, 2009 255 433 2
April 7, 2009 256 434 1
June 26, 2009 255 433 2
July 14, 2009 256 434 1
September 21, 2009 177 433 2
November 3, 2009 258 435 0
December 22, 2009 257 178
January 3, 2010 256 434 1
February 8, 2010 255 433 2
February 28, 2010 254 432 3
March 8, 2010 253 431 4
March 21, 2010 177 430 5
April 13, 2010 254 431 4
May 18, 2010 255 432 3
May 21, 2010 176 431 4
May 22, 2010 177 432 3
June 8, 2010 178 433 2
November 2, 2010 180 435 0
November 29, 2010 179 434 1
Final voting share 58.8% 41.2%
Non-voting members 6 0 6 0
Beginning of next Congress 193 242 435 0

Leadership[]

Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R)House: Majority (D), Minority (R)

Senate[]

Senate President
Dick Cheney
Dick Cheney (R)
(until January 20, 2009)
Joe Biden
Joe Biden (D)
(from January 20, 2009)
Senate President pro tempore
Robert Byrd
Robert Byrd (D)
(until June 28, 2010)
Daniel Inouye
Daniel Inouye (D)
(from June 28, 2010)
  • President: Dick Cheney (R), until January 20, 2009
    • Joe Biden (D), from January 20, 2009
  • President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D), until June 28, 2010
    • Daniel Inouye (D), from June 28, 2010[21]

Majority (Democratic) leadership[]

  • Majority Leader and Conference Chairman:[22] Harry Reid
  • Assistant Majority Leader (Majority Whip): Richard Durbin
  • Democratic Caucus Vice Chairman: Charles Schumer
  • Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairman: Bob Menendez
  • Democratic Conference Secretary: Patty Murray
  • Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan
  • Steering and Outreach Committee Chairman: Debbie Stabenow
  • Committee Outreach Chairman: Jeff Bingaman
  • Rural Outreach Chairman: Blanche Lincoln
  • Chief Deputy Whip: Barbara Boxer
  • Deputy Whips: Tom Carper, Bill Nelson, and Russ Feingold

Minority (Republican) leadership[]

  • Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell
  • Assistant Minority Leader (Minority Whip): Jon Kyl
  • Counselor to the Minority Leader: Bob Bennett
  • Republican Conference Chairman: Lamar Alexander
  • Republican Conference Vice Chairman: Lisa Murkowski,[23] until September 17, 2010[24]
    • John Barrasso, from September 22, 2010[25]
  • Policy Committee Chairman: John Ensign, until June 17, 2009
    • John Thune, from June 25, 2009[23]
  • National Senatorial Committee Chair: John Cornyn
  • Chief Deputy Whip: Richard Burr

House of Representatives[]

Speaker of the House
Nancy Pelosi
Nancy Pelosi (D)
  • Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D)
  • Assistant to the Speaker: Chris Van Hollen (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership[]

  • Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer
  • Majority Whip: Jim Clyburn
  • Senior Chief Deputy Majority Whip: John Lewis
  • Chief Deputy Majority Whips: Maxine Waters, John S. Tanner, Ed Pastor, Jan Schakowsky, Joseph Crowley, Diana DeGette, G. K. Butterfield, Debbie Wasserman Schultz
  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: John B. Larson
  • Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: Xavier Becerra
  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Chris Van Hollen
  • Steering/Policy Committee Co-Chairs: George Miller and Rosa DeLauro
  • Organization, Study, and Review Chairman: Michael Capuano

Minority (Republican) leadership[]

  • Minority Leader: John Boehner
  • Minority Whip: Eric Cantor
  • Chief Deputy Whip: Kevin McCarthy
  • Republican Conference Chairman: Mike Pence
  • Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Cathy McMorris-Rodgers
  • Republican Conference Secretary: John Carter
  • Policy Committee Chairman: Thaddeus McCotter
  • Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Pete Sessions
  • Ranking Member of the House Rules Committee: David Dreier

Members[]

Senate[]

In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 2010; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 2012; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 2014.

House of Representatives[]

Changes in membership[]

Senate[]

Funeral service for Senator Robert Byrd, who died June 28, 2010. He was the longest-serving senator and the longest-serving member in the history of Congress.[35][36]

Four of the changes are associated with the 2008 presidential election and appointments to the Obama Administration, one senator changed parties, one election was disputed, two senators died, one senator resigned, and three appointed senators served only until special elections were held during this Congress.

State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[c]
Minnesota
(2)
Disputed Incumbent Norm Coleman (R) challenged the election of Al Franken (D). The results were disputed, and the seat remained vacant at the beginning of the Congress. Following recounts and litigation, Coleman conceded, and Franken was seated. Al Franken
(D)
July 7, 2009[37]
Illinois
(3)
Vacant Barack Obama (D) resigned near the end of the previous Congress, after being elected President of the United States.[38] His successor was appointed December 31, 2008, during the last Congress, but due to a credentials challenge, his credentials were not deemed "in order" until January 12, and he was not sworn in to fill his seat until 12 days after the initiation of this Congress.[39] The appointed successor filled the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010. Roland Burris[40]
(D)
January 12, 2009[39]
Delaware
(2)
Joe Biden
(D)
Resigned January 15, 2009, to assume the position of Vice President.[41]
The appointed successor held the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.
Ted Kaufman[42]
(D)
January 16, 2009[43]
Colorado
(3)
Ken Salazar
(D)
Resigned January 20, 2009, to become Secretary of the Interior.
The appointed successor held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends with this Congress.
Michael Bennet[44]
(D)
January 21, 2009[45]
New York
(1)
Hillary Clinton
(D)
Resigned January 21, 2009, to become Secretary of State.
The appointed successor held the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.
Kirsten Gillibrand[46]
(D)
January 26, 2009
Pennsylvania
(3)
Arlen Specter
(R)
Changed party affiliation April 30, 2009.[28] Arlen Specter
(D)
April 30, 2009
Massachusetts
(1)
Ted Kennedy
(D)
Died August 25, 2009.
The appointed successor held the seat until the elected successor took the seat.[47][48][49]
Paul G. Kirk
(D)
September 25, 2009
Florida
(3)
Mel Martinez
(R)
Resigned September 9, 2009, for personal reasons.[50]
The appointed successor held the seat for the remainder of the term that ends with this Congress.
George LeMieux
(R)
September 10, 2009[51][52]
Massachusetts
(1)
Paul G. Kirk
(D)
Appointment expired February 4, 2010, following a special election.[53]
The winner of the election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ended January 3, 2013.
Scott Brown
(R)[54]
February 4, 2010
West Virginia
(1)
Robert Byrd
(D)
Died June 28, 2010.[55]
The appointed successor held the seat until a special election was held November 2, 2010.[56]
Carte Goodwin
(D)[29]
July 16, 2010[57]
Delaware
(2)
Ted Kaufman
(D)
Appointed January 15, 2009. The appointment lasted only until the November 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate.[58]
The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ended January 3, 2015.
Chris Coons
(D)
November 15, 2010[59][60]
West Virginia
(1)
Carte Goodwin
(D)
Appointed July 16, 2010. The appointment lasted only until the November 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate.
The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ended January 3, 2013.
Joe Manchin
(D)
November 15, 2010[59][60]
Illinois
(3)
Roland Burris
(D)
Appointed January 12, 2009. The appointment lasted only until the November 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate.
The winner of the special election held the seat for the remainder of the term that ended with this Congress.
Mark Kirk
(R)
November 29, 2010[59][60]

House of Representatives[]

Five changes are associated with appointments to the Obama Administration, four directly and one indirectly. Two representatives changed parties, one died, and five resigned. House vacancies are only filled by elections. State laws regulate when (and if) there will be special elections.

District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[c]
Illinois 5 Vacant Rahm Emanuel (D) resigned near the end of the previous Congress after being named White House Chief of Staff.
A special election was held April 7, 2009
Michael Quigley
(D)
April 7, 2009
New York 20 Kirsten Gillibrand
(D)
Resigned January 26, 2009, when appointed to the Senate.
A special election was held March 31, 2009.
Scott Murphy
(D)
March 31, 2009
Northern Mariana Islands at-large Gregorio Sablan
(I)
Changed party affiliation February 23, 2009.[d] Gregorio Sablan
(D)
February 23, 2009
California 32 Hilda Solis
(D)
Resigned February 24, 2009, to become U.S. Secretary of Labor.
A special election was held July 14, 2009.
Judy Chu
(D)
July 14, 2009
California 10 Ellen Tauscher
(D)
Resigned June 26, 2009, to become U.S. Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security.
A special election was held November 3, 2009.
John Garamendi
(D)[61]
November 3, 2009[62]
New York 23 John M. McHugh
(R)
Resigned September 21, 2009, to become U.S. Secretary of the Army.[63]
A special election was held November 3, 2009.
Bill Owens
(D)[64]
November 3, 2009
Alabama 5 Parker Griffith
(D)
Changed party affiliation December 22, 2009.[65] Parker Griffith
(R)
December 22, 2009
Florida 19 Robert Wexler
(D)
Resigned January 3, 2010, to become president of the Center for Middle East Peace & Economic Cooperation.[66]
A special election was held April 13, 2010.
Ted Deutch (D) April 13, 2010
Pennsylvania 12 John Murtha
(D)
Died February 8, 2010.
A special election was held May 18, 2010.
Mark Critz (D) May 18, 2010
Hawaii 1 Neil Abercrombie
(D)
Resigned February 28, 2010,[67] to focus on run for Governor of Hawaii.
A special election was held May 22, 2010.
Charles Djou (R) May 22, 2010
New York 29 Eric Massa
(D)
Resigned March 8, 2010,[68] due to a recurrence of his cancer, as well as an ethics investigation.
A special election was held contemporaneously with the general election on November 2, 2010.
Tom Reed (R) November 2, 2010[60][69]
Georgia 9 Nathan Deal
(R)
Resigned March 21, 2010, to focus on run for Governor of Georgia.
A special election runoff was held June 8, 2010.
Tom Graves (R) June 8, 2010
Indiana 3 Mark Souder
(R)
Resigned May 21, 2010, after an affair with a staff member was revealed.[70]
A special election was held contemporaneously with the general election on November 2, 2010.[71]
Marlin Stutzman (R) November 2, 2010[60]
Illinois 10 Mark Kirk
(R)
Resigned November 29, 2010, after being elected U.S. Senator. Vacant until the next Congress

Committees[]

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (1 link), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate[]

  • Aging (Special) (Herb Kohl, Chair; Bob Corker, Vice Chair)
  • Agriculture (Blanche Lincoln, Chair; Saxby Chambliss, Ranking)
    • Domestic and Foreign Marketing, Inspection, and Plant and Animal Health (Kirsten Gillibrand, Chair; Mike Johanns, Ranking)
    • Energy, Science and Technology (Michael Bennet, Chair; John Thune, Ranking)
    • Hunger, Nutrition and Family Farms (Sherrod Brown, Chair; Richard Lugar, Ranking)
    • Production, Income Protection and Price Support (Bob Casey, Chair; Pat Roberts, Ranking)
    • Rural Revitalization, Conservation, Forestry and Credit (Debbie Stabenow, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
  • Appropriations (Daniel Inouye, Chair; Thad Cochran, Ranking)
  • Armed Services (Carl Levin, Chair; John McCain, Ranking)
  • Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs (Christopher Dodd, Chair; Richard Shelby, Ranking)
    • Economic Policy (Sherrod Brown, Chair; Jim DeMint, Ranking)
    • Financial Institutions (Tim P. Johnson, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
    • Housing, Transportation, and Community Development (Robert Menendez, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
    • Securities, Insurance, and Investment (Jack Reed, Chair; Jim Bunning, Ranking)
    • Security and International Trade and Finance (Evan Bayh, Chair; Bob Corker, Ranking)
  • Budget (Kent Conrad, Chair; Judd Gregg, Ranking)
  • Commerce, Science and Transportation (Jay Rockefeller, Chair; Kay Bailey Hutchison, Ranking)
    • Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security (Byron Dorgan, Chair; Jim DeMint, Ranking)
    • Communications and Technology (John Kerry, Chair; John Ensign, Ranking)
    • Competitiveness, Innovation, and Export Promotion (Amy Klobuchar, Chair; George LeMieux, Ranking)
    • Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance (Mark Pryor, Chair; Roger Wicker, Ranking)
    • Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard (Maria Cantwell, Chair; Olympia Snowe, Ranking)
    • Science and Space (Bill Nelson, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
    • Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security (Frank Lautenberg, Chair; John Thune, Ranking)
  • Energy and Natural Resources (Jeff Bingaman, Chair; Lisa Murkowski, Ranking)
    • Energy (Maria Cantwell, Chair; Jim Risch, Ranking)
    • National Parks (Mark Udall, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)
    • Public Lands and Forests (Ron Wyden, Chair; John Barrasso, Ranking)
    • Water and Power (Debbie Stabenow, Chair; Sam Brownback, Ranking)
  • Environment and Public Works (Barbara Boxer, Chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking)
    • Children's Health (Amy Klobuchar, Chair; Lamar Alexander, Ranking)
    • Clean Air and Nuclear Safety (Tom Carper, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
    • Green Jobs and the New Economy (Bernie Sanders, Chair; Kit Bond, Ranking)
    • Oversight (Sheldon Whitehouse, Chair; John Barrasso, Ranking)
    • Superfund, Toxics and Environmental Health (Frank Lautenberg, Chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking)
    • Transportation and Infrastructure (Max Baucus, Chair; George Voinovich, Ranking)
    • Water and Wildlife (Ben Cardin, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
  • Select Committee on Ethics (Barbara Boxer, Chair; Johnny Isakson, Vice Chair)
  • Finance (Max Baucus, Chair; Charles Grassley, Ranking)
  • Foreign Relations (John Kerry, Chair; Richard Lugar, Ranking)
    • African Affairs (Russ Feingold, Chair; Johnny Isakson, Ranking)
    • East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Jim Webb, Chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking)
    • European Affairs (Jeanne Shaheen, Chair; Jim DeMint, Ranking)
    • International Development and Foreign Assistance, Economic Affairs, and International Environmental Protection (Robert Menendez, Chair; Bob Corker, Ranking)
    • International Operations and Organizations, Human Rights, Democracy and Global Women's Issues (Barbara Boxer, Chair; Roger Wicker, Ranking)
    • Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs (Bob Casey, Chair; Jim Risch, Ranking)
    • Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps and Narcotics Affairs (Chris Dodd, Chair; John Barrasso, Ranking)
  • Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (Tom Harkin, Chair; Mike Enzi, Ranking)
    • Children and Families (Chris Dodd, Chair; Lamar Alexander, Ranking)
    • Employment and Workplace Safety (Patty Murray, Chair; Johnny Isakson, Ranking)
    • Retirement and Aging (Barbara Mikulski, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)
  • Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (Joe Lieberman, Chair; Susan Collins, Ranking)
    • Contracting Oversight (Ad Hoc) (Claire McCaskill, Chair; Susan Collins Ranking)
    • Disaster Recovery (Ad Hoc) (Mary Landrieu, Chair; Lindsey Graham, Ranking)
    • Federal Financial Management, Government Information and International Security (Tom Carper, Chair; John McCain, Ranking)
    • Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce and the District of Columbia (Daniel Akaka, Chair; George Voinovich, Ranking)
    • Investigations (Permanent) (Carl Levin, Chair; Tom Coburn, Ranking)
    • State, Local, and Private Sector Preparedness and Integration (Ad Hoc) (Mark Pryor, Chair; John Ensign, Ranking)
  • Impeachment Trial Committee (Kent) (Claire McCaskill, Chair; Mel Martinez, Vice Chair)[72]
  • Impeachment Trial Committee (Porteous) (Claire McCaskill, Chair; Orrin Hatch, Vice Chair)[73]
  • Indian Affairs[74] (Byron Dorgan, Chair; John Barrasso, Vice Chair)
  • Intelligence (Select) (Dianne Feinstein, Chair; Kit Bond, Vice Chair)
  • International Narcotics Control[75] (Dianne Feinstein, Chair; Chuck Grassley, Co-chairman)
  • Judiciary (Patrick Leahy, Chair; Jeff Sessions, Ranking)
    • Administrative Oversight and the Courts (Sheldon Whitehouse, Chair; Jeff Sessions, Ranking)
    • Antitrust, Competition Policy and Consumer Rights (Herb Kohl, Chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking)
    • The Constitution (Russ Feingold, Chair; Tom Coburn, Ranking)
    • Crime and Drugs (Arlen Specter, Chair; Lindsey Graham, Ranking)
    • Human Rights and the Law (Dick Durbin, Chair; Tom Coburn, Ranking)
    • Immigration, Refugees, and Border Security (Chuck Schumer, Chair; John Cornyn, Ranking)
    • Terrorism and Homeland Security (Ben Cardin, Chair; Jon Kyl, Ranking)
  • Rules and Administration (Chuck Schumer, Chair; Bob Bennett, Ranking)
  • Small Business and Entrepreneurship (Mary Landrieu, Chair; Olympia Snowe, Ranking)
  • Veterans' Affairs (Daniel Akaka, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)

House of Representatives[]

  • Agriculture (Collin C. Peterson, Chair; Frank Lucas, Ranking)
    • Conservation, Credit, Energy, and Research (Tim Holden, Chair; Bob Goodlatte, Ranking)
    • Department Operations, Oversight, Nutrition and Forestry (Joe Baca, Chair; Jeff Fortenberry, Ranking)
    • General Farm Commodities and Risk Management (Leonard Boswell, Chair; Jerry Moran, Ranking)
    • Horticulture and Organic Agriculture (Dennis Cardoza, Chair; Jean Schmidt, Ranking)
    • Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry (David Scott, Chair; Randy Neugebauer, Ranking)
    • Specialty Crops, Rural Development and Foreign Agriculture (Mike McIntyre, Chair; Mike Conaway, Ranking)
  • Appropriations (David Obey, Chair; California Jerry Lewis, Ranking)
  • Armed Services (Ike Skelton, Chair; Buck McKeon, Ranking)
    • Readiness (Solomon P. Ortiz, Chair; Randy Forbes, Ranking)
    • Seapower and Expeditionary Forces (Gene Taylor, Chair; Todd Akin, Ranking)
    • Air and Land Forces (Neil Abercrombie, Chair; Roscoe Bartlett, Ranking)
    • Oversight and Investigations (Vic Snyder, Chair; Rob Wittman, Ranking)
    • Military Personnel (Susan A. Davis, Chair; Joe Wilson, Ranking)
    • Terrorism and Unconventional Threats (Adam Smith, Chair; Jeff Miller, Ranking)
    • Strategic Forces (Jim Langevin, Chair; Mike Turner, Ranking)
  • Budget (John Spratt, Chair; Paul Ryan, Ranking)
  • Education and Labor (George Miller, Chair; John Kline, Ranking)
  • Energy and Commerce (Henry Waxman, Chair; Joe Barton, Ranking)
    • Health (Frank Pallone, Chair; Nathan Deal, Ranking)
    • Energy and Environment (Ed Markey, Chair; Fred Upton, Ranking)
    • Commerce, Trade and Consumer Protection (Bobby Rush, Chair; George Radanovich, Ranking)
    • Communications, Technology and the Internet (Rick Boucher, Chair; Cliff Stearns, Ranking)
    • Oversight and Investigations (Bart Stupak, Chair; Greg Walden, Ranking)
  • Energy Independence and Global Warming (Select)[76][77] (Ed Markey, Chair; James Sensenbrenner, Ranking)
  • Financial Services (Barney Frank, Chair; Spencer Bachus, Ranking)
    • Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology (Mel Watt, Chair; Ron Paul, Ranking)
    • Oversight and Investigations (Mel Watt, Chair; Judy Biggert, Ranking)
    • International Monetary Policy and Trade (Gregory Meeks, Chair; Gary Miller, Ranking)
    • Housing and Community Opportunity (Maxine Waters, Chair; Shelley Moore Capito, Ranking)
    • Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit (Luis Gutierrez, Chair; Jeb Hensarling, Ranking)
    • Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government-Sponsored Enterprises (Paul Kanjorski, Chair; Scott Garrett, Ranking)
  • Foreign Affairs (Howard Berman, Chair; Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Ranking)
    • Africa and Global Health (Donald M. Payne, Chair; Chris Smith, Ranking)
    • Asia, the Pacific, and the Global Environment (Eni Faleomavaega, Chair; Donald A. Manzullo, Ranking)
    • Europe (Robert Wexler, Chair; Elton Gallegly, Ranking)
    • International Organizations, Human Rights, and Oversight (Bill Delahunt, Chair; Dana Rohrabacher, Ranking)
    • Middle East and South Asia (Gary Ackerman, Chair; Mike Pence, Ranking)
    • Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade (Brad Sherman, Chair; Ed Royce, Ranking)
    • Western Hemisphere (Eliot L. Engel, Chair; Dan Burton, Ranking)
  • Homeland Security (Bennie Thompson, Chair; Peter T. King, Ranking)
    • Border, Maritime and Global Counterterrorism (Loretta Sanchez, Chair; Mark Souder, Ranking)
    • Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Response (Henry Cuellar, Chair; Charlie Dent, Ranking)
    • Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology (James Langevin, Chair; Michael McCaul, Ranking)
    • Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment (Jane Harman, Chair; Dave Reichert, Ranking)
    • Management, Investigations, and Oversight (Chris Carney, Chair; Mike D. Rogers, Ranking)
    • Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection (Sheila Jackson-Lee, Chair; Dan Lungren, Ranking)
  • House Administration (Bob Brady, Chair; Dan Lungren, Ranking)
    • Capitol Security (Bob Brady, Chair; Dan Lungren, Ranking)
    • Elections (Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Kevin McCarthy, Ranking)
  • Intelligence (Permanent Select) (Silvestre Reyes, Chair; Peter Hoekstra, Ranking)
  • Judiciary (John Conyers, Chair; Lamar S. Smith, Ranking)
    • Commercial and Administrative Law (Linda T. Sánchez, Chair; Trent Franks, Ranking)
    • Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties (Jerrold Nadler, Chair; James Sensenbrenner, Ranking)
    • Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property (Howard Berman, Chair; Howard Coble, Ranking)
    • Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security (Robert C. Scott, Chair; Louie Gohmert, Ranking)
    • Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law (Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Steve King, Ranking)
  • Natural Resources (Nick Rahall, Chair; Doc Hastings, Ranking)
  • Oversight and Government Reform (Edolphus Towns, Chair; Darrell Issa, Ranking)
    • Domestic Policy (Dennis Kucinich, Chair; Jason Chaffetz, Ranking)
    • Federal Workforce, Post Office, and District of Columbia (Stephen Lynch, Chair; Kenny Marchant, Ranking)
    • Government Management, Organization, and Procurement (Diane Watson, Chair; Brian Bilbray, Ranking)
    • Information Policy, Census, and National Archives (Lacy Clay, Chair; Michael Turner, Ranking)
    • National Security and Foreign Affairs (John F. Tierney, Chair;[data unknown/missing], Ranking)
  • Rules (Louise Slaughter, Chair; David Dreier, Ranking)
    • Legislative and Budget Process (Alcee Hastings, Chair; Lincoln Diaz-Balart, Ranking)
    • Rules and the Organization of the House (Jim McGovern, Chair; Doc Hastings, Ranking)
  • Science and Technology (Bart Gordon, Chair; Ralph Hall, Ranking)
    • Space and Aeronautics (Gabby Giffords, Chair; Pete Olson, Ranking)
    • Technology and Innovation (David Wu, Chair; Adrian Smith, Ranking)
    • Research and Science Education (Daniel Lipinski, Chair; Vern Ehlers, Ranking)
    • Investigations and Oversight (Brad Miller, Chair; Paul Broun, Ranking)
    • Energy and Environment (Brian Baird, Chair; Bob Inglis, Ranking)
  • Small Business (Nydia Velazquez, Chair; Sam Graves, Ranking)
    • Finance and Tax (Melissa Bean, Chair; Dean Heller, Ranking)
    • Contracting and Technology (Glenn Nye, Chair; Aaron Schock, Ranking)
    • Rural and Urban Entrepreneurship (Heath Shuler, Chair; Jeff Fortenberry, Ranking)
    • Regulations, Healthcare and Trade (Kathy Dahlkemper, Chair; Lynn Westmoreland, Ranking)
    • Investigations and Oversight (Jason Altmire, Chair; Louie Gohmert, Ranking)
  • Standards of Official Conduct (Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Jo Bonner, Ranking)
  • Transportation and Infrastructure (James Oberstar, Chair; John Mica, Ranking)
    • Aviation (Jerry Costello, Chair; Thomas Petri, Ranking)
    • Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation (Elijah Cummings, Chair; Frank LoBiondo, Ranking)
    • Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management (Eleanor Holmes Norton, Chair; Sam Graves, Ranking)
    • Highways and Transit (Peter DeFazio, Chair; Jimmy Duncan, Ranking)
    • Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials (Corrine Brown, Chair; Bill Shuster, Ranking)
    • Water Resources and Environment (Eddie Bernice Johnson, Chair; Jimmy Duncan, Ranking)
  • Veterans' Affairs (Bob Filner, Chair; Steve Buyer, Ranking)
  • Ways and Means (Sander Levin, from March 4, 2010 (acting; Dave Camp, Ranking)
    • Health (Pete Stark, Chair; Wally Herger, Ranking)
    • Social Security (John S. Tanner, Chair; Sam Johnson, Ranking)
    • Income Security and Family Support (Jim McDermott, Chair; John Linder, Ranking)
    • Trade (Sander Levin, Chair; Kevin Brady, Ranking)
    • Oversight (John Lewis, Chair; Charles Boustany, Ranking)
    • Select Revenue Measures (Richard Neal, Chair; Pat Tiberi, Ranking)
  • Whole

Joint committees[]

  • Economic (Rep. Carolyn Maloney, Chair; Sen. Sam Brownback, Ranking)
  • The Library (Rep. Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Sen. Bob Bennett, Ranking)
  • Printing, (Rep. Bob Brady, Chair; Rep. Dan Lungren, Ranking)
  • Joint Committee on Taxation (Sen. Max Baucus, Chair; Sen. Chuck Grassley, Ranking)

Caucuses[]

Employees[]

Legislative branch agency directors[]

  • Architect of the Capitol: Stephen T. Ayers (acting until May 12, 2010, and starting May 12, 2010)
  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Brian Monahan
  • Comptroller General of the United States: Eugene Louis Dodaro (acting until December 22, 2010, and starting December 22, 2010)
  • Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Robert A. Sunshine (acting), until January 22, 2009
    • Douglas W. Elmendorf, from January 22, 2009
  • Librarian of Congress: James H. Billington
  • Public Printer of the United States: Robert C. Tapella, until December 29, 2010
    • William J. Boarman, from December 29, 2010

Senate[]

  • Chaplain: Barry C. Black (Seventh-day Adventist)
  • Curator: Diane K. Skvarla
  • Historian: Richard A. Baker, until 2009
    • Donald A. Ritchie, from 2009
  • Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
  • Secretary: Nancy Erickson
  • Librarian:
  • Sergeant at Arms: Terrance W. Gainer
  • : Lula J. Davis
  • : David J. Schiappa

House of Representatives[]

Employees include:[f]

  • Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin (Roman Catholic)
  • Chief Administrative Officer: Daniel P. Beard, until July 1, 2010[78]
    • , from July 18, 2010[79]
  • Clerk: Lorraine Miller
  • Historian: Robert Remini, until 2010
    • Matthew Wasniewski, from October 20, 2010[80]
  • Parliamentarian: John V. Sullivan
  • Reading Clerks: Jaime Zapata,
  • Sergeant at Arms: Wilson “Bill” Livingood
  • : ,[81] until January 2, 2010[82]
    • , from July 30, 2010[83]

See also[]

Elections[]

  • 2008 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
    • 2008 United States presidential election
    • 2008 United States Senate elections
    • 2008 United States House of Representatives elections
  • 2010 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • 2010 United States Senate elections
    • 2010 United States House of Representatives elections

Membership lists[]

  • Members of the 111th United States Congress
  • List of freshman class members of the 111th United States Congress
  • Caucuses of the United States Congress

References[]

  1. ^ H.Con.Res. 223
  2. ^ Pub.L. 111–121 (text) (pdf)
  3. ^ H.Con.Res. 336
  4. ^ Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–229 (text) (pdf)
  5. ^ Glassman, Matthew Eric; Wilhelm, Amber Hope. "Congressional Careers: Service Tenure and Patterns of Member Service, 1789-2015" (PDF). Federation of American Scientists. Congressional Research Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 19, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
  6. ^ "Certificate of Election" (PDF). Office of the Minnesota Governor, via StarTribune.com. June 30, 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 2, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
  7. ^ "Franken's Win Bolsters Democratic Grip in Senate - NYTimes.com". mobile.nytimes.com. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
  8. ^ See Pub.L. 110–430 (text) (pdf). Section 1 sets the beginning of the first session of the 111th Congress. Section 2 sets the date for counting Electoral College votes.
  9. ^ Kenneth P. Vogel. "Specter's first party switch". Politico.com. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  10. ^ Rothenberg, Stuart (November 28, 2012). "Supermajority Within Reach for Senate Democrats". Roll Call. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
  11. ^ Staff reporter (June 19, 2009). "House impeaches Texas judge". AP. Archived from the original on June 23, 2009. Retrieved March 21, 2012. (Archived by WebCite at )
  12. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page H7064 (June 19, 2009)
  13. ^ Gamboa, Suzanne (June 30, 2009). "White House accepts convicted judge's resignation". AP. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
  14. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S7055 (June 25, 2009)
  15. ^ Gamboa, Suzanne (July 22, 2009). "Congress ends jailed judge's impeachment". AP. Archived from the original on June 22, 2011. Retrieved March 21, 2012. (Archived by WebCite at )
  16. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S7833 (July 22, 2009)
  17. ^ Alpert, Bruce (March 10, 2010). "Judge Thomas Porteous impeached by U.S. House of Representatives". New Orleans Times-Picayune. Retrieved March 21, 2012.
  18. ^ 2010 Congressional Record, Vol. 156, Page H1335 (March 11, 2010)
  19. ^ Alpert, Bruce; Jonathan Tilove (December 8, 2010). "Senate votes to remove Judge Thomas Porteous from office". New Orleans Times-Picayune. Retrieved March 21, 2012.
  20. ^ 2010 Congressional Record, Vol. 156, Page S8609 (December 8, 2010)
  21. ^ Hulse, Carl (June 28, 2010). "Inouye Sworn In as President Pro Tem". The New York Times.
  22. ^ The Democratic Senate Majority Leader also serves as the Chairman of the Democratic Conference.
  23. ^ Jump up to: a b "Thune Elected Republican Policy Committee Chairman". Office of U.S. Senator John Thune. June 25, 2009. Archived from the original on August 5, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
  24. ^ Toeplitz, Shira (September 18, 2010). "Lisa Murkowski quits GOP leadership".
  25. ^ "Murkowski Keeps Panel Job; Barrasso Elected Vice Chairman". Roll Call. September 22, 2010. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
  26. ^ Burris was appointed on December 31, 2008, during the 110th United States Congress. However, he was not allowed to take the oath until January 15, 2009, due to the controversy surrounding Gov. Rod Blagojevich, who appointed him.
  27. ^ Al Franken was elected to the term beginning January 3, 2009, but did not take office until July 7, 2009, due to a recount and subsequent election challenge.
  28. ^ Jump up to: a b Arlen Specter announced his switch from the Republican to the Democratic party on April 28, and it officially took effect on April 30. "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress".
  29. ^ Jump up to: a b "Carte Goodwin to succeed Senator Byrd - for now". The Christian Science Monitor. July 16, 2010. Retrieved July 16, 2010.
  30. ^ "Officials: House Democrat will switch to GOP". December 22, 2009.
  31. ^ "Wexler Begins New Job With Washington Think Tank". WBPF.com. January 4, 2010. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
  32. ^ "Congressman John Murtha Passes Away at Age 77". Honorable John Murtha Congressional Website. February 8, 2010. Archived from the original on February 9, 2010.
  33. ^ Gregorio Sablan announced his switch from the Republican to the Democratic party on February 23, 2009. "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress".
  34. ^ Access Denied. NationalJournal.com. Retrieved on August 12, 2013.
  35. ^ Jonathan Allen (May 31, 2006). "Byrd poised to break Thurmond's record". The Hill. Archived from the original on June 14, 2006.
  36. ^ Tom Cohen (November 18, 2009). "West Virginia's Byrd becomes the longest-serving member of Congress". CNN.
  37. ^ Hulse, Carl (July 7, 2009). "And Here's Senator Franken". The New York Times. The Caucus blog. Retrieved July 7, 2009.
  38. ^ The seat remained vacant until a successor was appointed. Mason, Jeff. "Obama resigns Senate seat, thanks Illinois". Reuters.com. Reuters. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
  39. ^ Jump up to: a b Hulse, Carl (January 27, 2009). "Burris Is Sworn In". The New York Times. The Caucus blog. Retrieved January 15, 2009.
  40. ^ "Burris v. White, Illinois Supreme Court, No. 107816" (PDF). January 9, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 14, 2009. Retrieved January 27, 2009.
  41. ^ Mark Murray (January 9, 2009). "Biden to Resign from Senate Thursday". MSNBC. Archived from the original on February 10, 2009.
  42. ^ "Longtime Biden aide picked to fill his Senate seat". WJLA.com. November 24, 2008. Retrieved December 30, 2008.
  43. ^ Kathleen Hunter and Catharine Richert, CQ Staff (January 14, 2009). "Illinois, Delaware Senators to Be Seated in First Round of Replacements". CQ Politics. Congressional Quarterly. Archived from the original on November 3, 2010.
  44. ^ "Official Press Release from Governor Bill Ritter, Jr., Jan. 3, 2009, appointing Michael Bennet". Colorado.gov. January 3, 2009. Archived from the original on January 31, 2009.
  45. ^ "Ken Salazar Sends Senate Resignation Notice". NBC11News.com. Associated Press. January 19, 2009. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
  46. ^ Danny Hakim and Nicholas Confessore (January 23, 2009). "Paterson Picks Gillibrand for Senate Seat". The New York Times. Retrieved September 29, 2009.
  47. ^ Phillips, Frank (August 31, 2009). "Panel to weigh Kennedy request for interim senator". Boston.com. Boston Globe.
  48. ^ Goddnough, Abby; Carl Hulse (September 23, 2009). "Kennedy Confidant Expected to Take Senate Seat". The New York Times. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
  49. ^ Viser, Matt (September 23, 2009). "Senate OK's Kennedy successor bill". Boston.com. Boston Globe. Associated Press. Retrieved June 12, 2015.
  50. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S9147 (September 9, 2009)
  51. ^ "Crist Officially Names Former Aide As New Senator". CNNPolitics.com. CNN. August 28, 2009.
  52. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S9230 (September 10, 2009)
  53. ^ "Paul Kirk to fill Kennedy's Senate seat". CNNPolitics.com. CNN. September 24, 2009.
  54. ^ "Scott Brown Wins Mass Special Election". CNN. January 19, 2010.
  55. ^ Clymer, Adam (June 28, 2010). "Robert Byrd, Respected Voice of the Senate, Dies at 92". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  56. ^ Manchin to announce plans Tuesday - Shira Toeplitz - POLITICO.com
  57. ^ Goodwin was appointed July 16, 2010. He was sworn in on July 20, 2010, but his service began on July 16.
  58. ^ Montgomery, Jeff (November 24, 2008). "Minner taps Kaufman for Biden's seat". DelawareOnLine.com. Delaware News-Journal. Retrieved November 24, 2008.[permanent dead link]
  59. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Coons, Manchin to be sworn in next week; Kirk after Thanksgiving". MSNBC. November 8, 2010. Archived from the original on January 14, 2012.
  60. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Abrams, Jim. "5 Election Winners to be Sworn in Early" The Boston Globe. The Associated Press, November 15, 2010.
  61. ^ Blake, Aaron (November 4, 2009). "Garamendi wins House seat in California special election". The Hill. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  62. ^ "John Garamendi Wins in 10th Congressional District with Commanding Lead". California Chronicle. November 5, 2009. Archived from the original on September 11, 2011. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  63. ^ Weiner, Mark (September 16, 2009). "Rep. John McHugh is confirmed as Secretary of the Army". Syracuse Post-Standard. syracuse.com.
  64. ^ Rudin, Ken (November 6, 2009). "Democrat Bill Owens Wins In NY 23". Political Junkie. NPR. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  65. ^ Deirdre Walsh (December 22, 2009). "House Dem to switch to Republican Party". CNN.
  66. ^ Man, Anthony (October 14, 2009). "Wexler makes it official: leaving Congress in January". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  67. ^ Josh Kraushaar. Abercrombie sets Feb. 28 date for resignation. January 4, 2010.
  68. ^ Wilson, Reid; Sahd, Tim (March 5, 2010). "Massa To Resign". National Journal. Archived from the original on March 7, 2010. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  69. ^ "Reed Remains Hospitalized, Swearing-In Delayed". Roll Call. November 16, 2010.
  70. ^ Cilizza, Chris; Burke, Aaron (May 18, 2010). "Mark Souder to resign after affair". The Washington Post.
  71. ^ Taylor, Jessica (May 28, 2010). "Daniels schedules Souder special". Politico 2010.
  72. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page S6961 (June 24, 2009)
  73. ^ 2010 Congressional Record, Vol. 156, Page S1647 (March 17, 2010)
  74. ^ The Indian Affairs Committee is not a standing committee, even though the name select was removed from its title in 1993 by S.Res. 71."Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  75. ^ Although called a "caucus", it has the rank of committee.
  76. ^ "The Gavel: Speaker of the House Blog". March 8, 2007. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  77. ^ Resolution (H.Res. 5) adopting the rules for the 111th Congress.
  78. ^ "House official Dan Beard quits after tough IG report". The Washington Post.
  79. ^ Pelosi Names Daniel J. Strodel as Interim Chief Administrative Officer - WASHINGTON, July 15 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/. Prnewswire.com. Retrieved on August 12, 2013.
  80. ^ "Dr. Matthew Wasniewski Appointed New House Historian". November 1, 2010. Archived from the original on November 12, 2010. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
  81. ^ 2009 Congressional Record, Vol. 155, Page H24 (January 6, 2009)
  82. ^ Committee on House Administration. Cha.house.gov. Retrieved on August 12, 2013.
  83. ^ "APPOINTMENT AS INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES". Congress.gov. Library of Congress.

Notes[]

  1. ^ See also: Active Legislation, 111th Congress, via senate.gov
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and the North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party (D-NPL) are the Minnesota and North Dakota affiliates of the U.S. Democratic Party and are counted as Democrats.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
  4. ^ Gregorio Sablan was previously an Independent who caucused with House Democrats.
  5. ^ Specter changed parties on April 28, 2009, rendering the position vacant.
  6. ^ Rules of the House: "Other officers and officials"

External links[]

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