136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro"

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This article is about the historic Royal Italian Army 136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro". For for the historic Royal Italian Army namesake division, see 131st Armored Division "Centauro". For the historic Italian Army division and later brigade, see Armored Brigade "Centauro".
136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro"
136a Divisione Corazzata Centauro II.png
136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro" insignia
Active1943
CountryItaly Italy
BranchRoyal Italian Army
TypeArmored
SizeDivision
EngagementsWorld War II
Insignia
Identification
symbol		World War II - Mostrina - CC.NN- Battaglioni M.png World War II - Mostrina - CC.NN Artiglieria.png World War II - Mostrina - CC.NN Genio.png World War II - Mostrina - CC.NN Automobilisti.png World War II - Mostrina - CC.NN Sussistenza.png World War II - Mostrina - CC.NN Sanità.png
136th Armored Division "M" gorget patches

The 136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro" (Italian: 136ª Divisione legionaria corazzata "Centauro", colloquially also known as "136th Armored Division "Centauro II") was an armored division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The division had been formed in June 1942 as 1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M" (M for Mussolini), but was renamed after the fall of the fascist regime in July 1943. In September 1943 it was in training near Rome and was disbanded by the Germans after the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile.

History[]

1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M"[]

The 1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M" (Italian: 1ª Divisione corazzata Camicie Nere "M") was formed after the Hitler-Mussolini summit at Schloss Klessheim in April 1943. The division was intended as Mussolini's personal guard division and therefore composed of hand-picked fanatical Blackshirts, who had already seen combat on the Eastern Front in the Soviet Union. Most of the division's Blackshirts had served with the CC.NN. Grouping "3 Gennaio" in the Italian Army in Russia. For the formation of the division the Germans provided forty Waffen-SS instructors and the heavy equipment. The activation ceremony was held on 25 June 1943 in Chiusi and by August 1943 the division consisted of about 5,700 men. After the fall of Mussolini on 25 July 1943 the division was integrated into the Royal Italian Army on 15 August 1943 and renamed 136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro", in commemoration of the 131st Armored Division "Centauro", which had distinguished itself and was destroyed during the Tunisian campaign.[1]

136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro"[]

The 136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro" (Italian: 136ª Divisione legionaria corazzata "Centauro") entered the Royal Italian Army on 15 August 1943. The division's name was chosen to commemorate the 131st Armored Division "Centauro", which had been destroyed in May 1943 at the end of the Tunisian campaign. On 15 August the division's new commander Giorgio Calvi di Bergolo, the son-in-law of King Victor Emmanuel III, began to purge the division's fascist officers and plans were drawn up to integrate regular army units into the division to dilute its fascist personnel. The units chose to for the latter task were the 18th Bersaglieri Regiment and XIX Tank Battalion "M". The division was part of the Motorized-Armored Army Corps, which was tasked to defend Rome against German forces, but after the after the Armistice of Cassibile was announced on 8 September 1943 the division's, with the exception of the 18th Bersaglieri Regiment remained passive and did not fight the invading German forces. The Germans disbanded the division on 12 September 1943 and used its equipment to replenish the 1st Fallschirm-Panzer Division Hermann Göring.[2]

Organization[]

1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M"[]

  • 1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M"[1]
    • Command Company
    • Motorized CC.NN. Battalion Group "M" "Montebello"
    • Motorized CC.NN. Battalion Group "M" "Tagliamento"
      • LXIII Motorized CC.NN. Battalion "M"
      • LXXIX Motorized CC.NN. Battalion "M"
      • XLI CC.NN. Support Weapons Battalion "M"
        • Anti-tank Company 47/32 anti-tank guns)
        • Mortar Company (81mm Mod. 35 mortars)
    • CC.NN. Artillery Grouping "M" "Valle Scrivia"
    • CC.NN. Tank Group "M" "Leonessa"
    • CCV Sapper Battalion (Royal Italian Army unit)
    • Mixed Engineer Unit (Royal Italian Army unit)
    • Medical Section (Royal Italian Army unit)
    • Supply Section
    • 306th Field Post Office

136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro"[]

  • 136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro"[2]
    • Command Company
    • Motorized Legionary Regiment (remnants of the "Montebello" and "Tagliamento" battalion groups after the purging of fanatical fascists)
    • 18th Bersaglieri Regiment (arrived in Rome on 8 September 1943 and joined the division the next day)[3]
    • 136th Armored Artillery Regiment (remnants of the "Valle Scrivia" grouping after the purging of fanatical fascists)
    • Tank Group "Leonessa"
    • CCV Sapper Battalion
    • Mixed Engineer Unit
    • Medical Section
    • Supply Section
    • 228th Carabinieri Section
    • 306th Post Office

The XIX Tank Battalion "M" located in Siena and equipped M15/42 tanks and 75/34 self-propelled guns was to join the division, but due to the circumstances of the Armistice of Cassibile the XIX Tank Battalion never left for Rome.

Commanding officers[]

The division's commanding officers were:

1st CC.NN. Armored Division "M":

  • Console Generale (25 June 1943 - 15 August 1943)[1]

136th Armored Legionary Division "Centauro":

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Bollettino dell'Archivio dell'Ufficio Storico N.II-3 e 4 2002. Rome: Ministero della Difesa - Stato Maggiore dell’Esercito - Ufficio Storico. 2002. p. 354. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Bollettino dell'Archivio dell'Ufficio Storico N.II-3 e 4 2002. Rome: Ministero della Difesa - Stato Maggiore dell’Esercito - Ufficio Storico. 2002. p. 338. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  3. ^ "18° Reggimento Bersaglieri". Regio Esercito. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  • Paoletti, Ciro (2008). A Military History of Italy. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-98505-9.


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