1400s in England

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Events from the 1400s in England.

Incumbents[]

  • Monarch – Henry IV

Events[]

  • 1400
    • January – Henry IV quells the Epiphany Rising and executes the Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury and the Baron le Despencer for their attempt to have Richard II restored as King.[1]
    • 14 February – death of the deposed Richard II in Pontefract Castle. His body is displayed in old St Paul's Cathedral, London, on 17 February before initial burial in Kings Langley Church on 6 March.
    • February – Henry Percy (Hotspur) leads English incursions into Scotland.
    • 23 May – Newcastle upon Tyne is granted a new royal charter, creating it a county corporate.
    • 25 July – English invasion of Scotland (1400): Henry IV leads his army north from a muster at York.
    • Mid-August – the English army camp at Leith near Edinburgh[1] but fail to besiege Edinburgh Castle.
    • 16 September – Owain Glyndŵr is proclaimed Prince of Wales by his followers and begins attacking English strongholds in north-east Wales, beginning the Glyndŵr Rising.[2]
    • 24 September – Welsh rebels invade England, but are turned back at Welshpool.[1]
    • October – Henry launches a punitive campaign against north Wales.[1]
    • December – Manuel II Palaiologos becomes the only Byzantine Emperor ever to visit England, being entertained at Eltham Palace.
  • 1401
  • 1402
  • 1403
    • 7 February – King Henry IV of England marries as his second wife Joan of Navarre, the daughter of King Charles II of Navarre and widow of John IV, Duke of Brittany, at Winchester Cathedral.[1]
    • 21 July – Battle of Shrewsbury: Henry IV defeats a rebel army led by "Hotspur" Percy who has allied with the Welsh prince Owain Glyndŵr.[2] Percy is killed in the battle by an arrow in his face.
    • August – William du Chastel leads a French raid on Plymouth which causes substantial damage.
    • Late Summer – King Henry IV is beaten by Owain Glyndŵr at the Battle of Stalling Down.
    • October – a fleet organised by John Hawley of Dartmouth and Thomas Norton of Bristol seizes seven French merchant vessels in the English Channel.
    • November – a revenge raid on Brittany by Sir William Wilford captures 40 ships and causes considerable damage ashore.[3]
    • December – local forces defeat an attempted French raid on the Isle of Wight under Waleran III, Count of Ligny.[4]
    • A guild of stationers is founded in the City of London. As the Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers (the "Stationers' Company"), it continues to be a Livery Company in the 21st century.
  • 1404
    • 14 January – Henry grants Parliament the power to appoint Royal Councillors and hold them to account for expenditure.[1]
    • April or May – Battle of Blackpool Sands: Local forces led by John Hawley defeat an attempted raid from Saint-Malo on the port of Dartmouth, Devon; the French commander, William du Chastel, is killed.[4][5]
    • 10 May – Glyndŵr holds a Parliament at Dolgellau.[1]
    • 14 June – Owain Glyndŵr, having been declared Prince of Wales, allies with the French against the English.[2]
    • 6 October – Parliament meets at Coventry; Henry withdraws its powers of oversight over the Royal Council.[1]
  • 1405
    • 11 March – Battle of Grosmont (Monmouthshire): English defeat Welsh rebels.[1]
    • April – Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, joins Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, and Lord Bardolf in a rebellion in northern England.[1]
    • 5 May – Battle of Usk: English defeat Welsh rebels.[1]
    • 8 June – following the collapse of their revolt, Richard Scrope together with Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk, and Scrope's nephew, Sir William Plumpton, are tried by a special commission and beheaded at York.[1] Scrope is the first English prelate to suffer judicial execution.
    • August – Welsh rebels, assisted by the French, unsuccessfully attack Worcester.[2]
    • Hundred Years' War: French attack Aquitaine.
  • 1406
    • 1 March – Parliament meets, and continues to sit until December, when it finally achieves its aims of nominating and ensuring the payment of members of the Royal Council.[1]
    • 30 March – the heir to the Scottish throne, Prince James, having been captured by English pirates on 22 March, is detained in England.[6]
    • 13 October – Richard Whittington is elected as Lord Mayor of London for his second full term.
    • English ships attack Brodick Castle on the Isle of Arran.
    • Eric of Pomerania marries Philippa, daughter of Henry IV.
    • Richard, Earl of Cambridge, marries Anne de Mortimer.
  • 1407
    • October – Henry, Prince of Wales, besieges Welsh rebels at Aberystwyth.[1]
    • Central tower of York Minster collapses.
    • David Holbache founds Oswestry School.
  • 1408
  • 1409
    • January – the Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English.[1]
    • 28 February – Henry, Prince of Wales, appointed Constable of Dover and Warden of the Cinque Ports.[1]
    • Beverley Bar built as the North Gate of Beverley in the East Riding of Yorkshire.

Births[]

Deaths[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 115–117. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  2. ^ a b c d e Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 171–172. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  3. ^ Kingsford, C. J. (1962) [1925]. "IV. West Country Piracy: The School of English Seamen". Prejudice and Promise in Fifteenth Century England. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7146-1488-5.
  4. ^ a b Longmate, Norman (1990). Defending the Island. London: Grafton. ISBN 0-586-20845-3.
  5. ^ Mortimer, Ian (2007). The Fears of Henry IV. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 978-0-224-07300-4.
  6. ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. p. 91. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
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