14th century in literature

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List of years in literature (table)
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  • 1301
  • 1302
  • 1303
  • 1304
  • 1305
  • 1306
  • 1307
  • 1308
  • 1309
  • 1310
  • 1311
  • 1312
  • 1313
  • 1314
  • 1315
  • 1316
  • 1317
  • 1318
  • 1319
  • 1320 …
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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 14th century.

Events[]

Medieval and Renaissance literature
Early medieval
Medieval

By century

European Renaissance
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Petrarch (1304-1374)
  • 1323 – The name Pléiade is adopted by a group of fourteen poets (seven men and seven women) in Toulouse.
  • 1324: 3 May (Holy Cross Day) – The Consistori del Gay Saber, founded the previous year in Toulouse to revive and perpetuate the lyric poetry of the Old Occitan troubadors, holds its first contest. Arnaut Vidal de Castelnou d'Ari wins the violeta d'or (golden violet) for a sirventes in praise of the Virgin Mary. At about this date, Raimon de Cornet writes Doctrinal de trobar in support of the aims of the Gay Saber.
  • 1327
    • Between 20 January and 21 September – The deposed King Edward II of England perhaps writes the "Lament of Edward II".
    • 6 April (Good Friday) – Tuscan writer Petrarch sees a woman he names Laura in the church of Sainte-Claire d'Avignon, which awakes in him a lasting passion. He writes a series of sonnets and other poems in Italian dedicated to her up to about 1368, which are collected into Il Canzoniere, an influential model for Renaissance culture.
    • 27 August – Death of Thomas Cobham, Bishop of Worcester in England. His books are bequeathed to the University of Oxford where they are installed in the University Church of St Mary the Virgin, forming the university's first library.
  • 1329: February – French poet and composer Guillaume de Machaut is brought to the Siege of Medvėgalis by John of Bohemia so the king's crusading deeds can be commemorated in song and poetry.
  • c. 1330 – Production of the Macclesfield Psalter in East Anglia.
  • 1331 – Production of the Nuremberg Mahzor.
  • 1341: 8 April – Petrarch becomes poet laureate at a ceremony in Rome.[1]
  • 1357 – The Polychronicon concludes, Ranulf Higden having ceased work on it at least a dozen years earlier.
  • 1360 – The future English writer Geoffrey Chaucer is captured by the French during the Reims campaign of the Hundred Years' War and ransomed by King Edward III of England.[2]
  • 1362: September – Petrarch's library is donated to the Republic of Venice, although subsequently dispersed.
  • 1368
Yoshida Kenkō
  • 1370–1398 – Approximate date of production of the earliest part of the Sankt Florian Psalter, one of the earliest surviving texts to use the Polish language.
  • 1372 – Old Permic alphabet introduced by Stephen of Perm.
  • 1374
    • 23 April: English writer Geoffrey Chaucer is granted a gallon of wine a day for the rest of his life by order of King Edward III of England in recognition of his services.
    • Ludolph of Saxony completes his Vita Christi, which appears first in book form in 1474 and becomes an influence on St Ignatius Loyola in the early 16th century.
  • 1377 – Production of the earliest known copy of the Laurentian Codex.
  • 1381: 30 May–November – Peasants' Revolt in England. Preacher John Ball apparently cites the poem Piers Plowman (which is revised during this decade) and John Gower includes an account of the events in his Vox Clamantis. On 15 June, the University of Cambridge's library and archives are burnt in the centre of the town, with one Margery Starre leading the mob in a dance to the rallying cry "Away with the learning of clerks, away with it!".[3] The events inspire the late 16th century play The Life and Death of Jack Straw,[4] Robert Southey's dramatic poem Wat Tyler (1794),[5] and novels such as Pierce Egan the Younger's Wat Tyler (1841),[6] William Harrison Ainsworth's Merry England (1874)[7] and William Morris's A Dream of John Ball (1886).[8]
  • 1382 – Earliest recorded appearance of Wycliffe's Bible.
  • 1384 – Henry of Langenstein writes his letter, De scismate, to , Bishop of Worms.[9]
  • 1386: October – Geoffrey Chaucer is obliged to give up most of his official offices in London and retires to Kent where he may work on The Canterbury Tales.[10]
  • 1388 – Revision of Wycliffe's Bible is completed by John Purvey, and Wyclif's followers, known as Lollards, begin to be persecuted in England.
  • 1390–1 – Production of the Book of Ballymote in Ireland.
  • 1390s – Production of the Yellow Book of Lecan in Ireland.
  • 1397 – Production of the Kiev Psalter in Kiev Rus.
  • 1398 – The early 13th century carved wooden text of the Tripitaka Koreana is moved to the Haeinsa Buddhist temple in modern-day South Korea, where it will remain into the 21st century.
  • unknown dates

New works[]

Drama[]

  • Li Qianfu – Circle of Chalk (Chinese: 灰闌記; pinyin: huīlán jì)
  • c. 1350 – Misteri d'Elx (Valencian)
  • 1358–76 – Katherine of Sutton (adaptations) – Depositio, Descensus Christi, Elevatio and Visitatio
  • Late 14th century – Ordinalia (Middle Cornish)

Births[]

  • 1303 – Bridget of Sweden (Birgitta Birgersdotter), Swedish mystic, writer and saint (died 1373)
  • 1304 – Petrarch (Francesco Petrarca) Tuscan poet (died 1374)
  • 1313 – Giovanni Boccaccio, Italian writer (died 1375)
  • c. 1315 or 1317 – Hafez, Persian poet (died 1390)
  • 1320 – Lalleshwari, Kashmiri Hindu poet (died 1392)
  • 1332: 27 May – Ibn Khaldun, North African historiographer and philosopher (died 1406)
  • c. 1332 – Catherine of Vadstena, Swedish mystic, writer and saint (died 1381)
  • 1333 – Kan'ami (Kan'ami Kiyotsugu (観阿弥 清次), Japanese Noh actor (died 1384)
  • c. 1340–45 – Walter Hilton, English mystic writing in Latin and English (died 1396)
  • c. November 1342 – Julian of Norwich, English religious writer and mystic (died c. 1416)
  • 1343 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (died 1400)
  • 1347 – Catherine of Siena, Italian theologian and saint (died 1380)
  • 1348 – Jan of Jenštejn, Archbishop of Prague, writer, composer and poet (died 1400)
  • c. 1363 – Zeami Motokiyo (世阿弥 元清), Japanese Noh actor and playwright (died c. 1443)
  • 1364 – Christine de Pizan, Venetian-born Middle French court poet and writer (died c. 1430)
  • c. 1368 – Thomas Hoccleve, English poet and clerk (died 1426)
  • c. 1373 – Margery Kempe, English mystic and autobiographer (died c. 1440)
  • 1378 – Zhu Quan (朱權), Prince of Ning, Chinese military commander, feudal lord, historian and playwright (died 1448)
  • 1384 – Enrique de Villena, Spanish writer, theologian and poet (died 1434)
  • 1393 – John Capgrave, English historian and scholastic theologian (died 1464)
  • 1398 – Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, Castilian politician and poet (died 1458)

Deaths[]

  • After 1306 – Adam de la Halle, French trouvère poet (born c. 1237)
  • 1308 – Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher and theologian (born c. 1266)
  • 1309 – Angela of Foligno, Italian mystic and saint (born 1248)
  • 1310: 1 June – Marguerite Porete, French mystic (burnt as heretic, year of birth unknown)
  • 1315: 10 March – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian Beguine and Christian mystic (born c. 1244)
  • c. 1315 – Ramon Llull, Majorcan polymath and novelist in Catalan (born c. 1232)
  • 1321: 14 September – Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (born c. 1265)[14]
  • 1325:
    • 7 January – King Denis of Portugal, poet
    • October – Amir Khusrow, Sufi poet
  • 1345: 14 April – Richard de Bury, English bishop and bibliophile (born 1287)
  • 1349: September – Richard Rolle, English hermit, mystic and religious writer (probably born between 1390 and 1400)
  • c. 1350 – Yoshida Kenkō (吉田 兼好), Japanese author and Buddhist monk (probably born 1283)
  • 1364: 12 March – Ranulf Higden, English chronicler
  • 1373: 23 July – Bridget of Sweden (Birgitta Birgersdotter), Swedish mystic, writer and saint[15]
  • 1374: 19 July – Petrarch, Italian poet[16]
  • 1375: 21 December – Giovanni Boccaccio, Italian poet[17]
  • 1377: April – Guillaume de Machaut, French poet and composer
  • 1380:
    • 29 April – Catherine of Siena, Italian theologian and saint
    • 2 December – John of Ruysbroeck (Jan van Ruysbroeck), Flemish mystic (born 1293 or 1294)
  • 1381: 24 March – Catherine of Vadstena, Swedish mystic, writer and saint
  • 1384:
    • 8 June – Kan'ami (Kan'ami Kiyotsugu, 観阿弥 清次), Japanese Noh playwright and actor (born 1333);
    • December – John Wycliffe, philosopher, translator and theologian (born c.1320);[18]
    • Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, Persian Sūfī, poet scholar.[19]
  • 1392 – Lalleshwari, Kashmiri Shaivite poet and mystic
  • 1395: 13 March – John Barbour, Scottish poet
  • 1396: 24 March – Walter Hilton, English Augustinian mystic writing in Latin and English (born c. 1340–45)
  • 1400: 25 October – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (born c. 1343)[2]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ John Flood (8 September 2011). Poets Laureate in the Holy Roman Empire: A Bio-bibliographical Handbook. Walter de Gruyter. p. 1531. ISBN 978-3-11-091274-6.
  2. ^ a b "Geoffrey Chaucer | Biography, Poems, Canterbury Tales, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  3. ^ Dunn, Alastair (2002). The Great Rising of 1381: the Peasants' Revolt and England's Failed Revolution. Stroud: Tempus. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-0-7524-2323-4.
  4. ^ anonymous (1593). The Life and Death of Iacke Straw, A notable Rebell in England Who was kild in Smithfield by the Lord Maior of London. STC (2nd ed.), 23356. London.
  5. ^ Horace Walpole; Robert Southey; Joanna Baillie (2000). Five Romantic Plays, 1768-1821. Oxford University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-19-283316-7.
  6. ^ Chris R. Vanden Bossche (1 February 2014). Reform Acts: Chartism, Social Agency, and the Victorian Novel, 1832–1867. JHU Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-4214-1209-2.
  7. ^ William Harrison Ainsworth (1874). Merry England: Or, Nobles and Serfs. B. Tauchnitz.
  8. ^ William Morris (1888). A Dream of John Ball: And A King's Lesson. Reeves & Turner. p. 31.
  9. ^ Sommerfeldt, Historisches Jahrbuch (Munich, 1909), XXX, 46–61
  10. ^ Strohm, Paul (2014). The Poet's Tale: Chaucer and the year that made the Canterbury Tales. London: Profile Books. ISBN 978-178125-059-4.
  11. ^ History Today, Vol. 65/5, May 2015 Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  12. ^ Francesc Eiximenis. Història de la nostra gastronomia Article by Juan A. FernándezSóller, 29 May 2010, p. 18 (in Catalan)
  13. ^ "10 things to know about Norwich" (PDF). UNESCO. November 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  14. ^ "Dante Alighieri". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
  15. ^ Fr. Paolo O. Pirlo, SHMI (1997). "St. Bridget". My First Book of Saints. Sons of Holy Mary Immaculate – Quality Catholic Publications. pp. 158–159. ISBN 971-91595-4-5.
  16. ^ Richard K. Emmerson (18 October 2013). Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 522. ISBN 978-1-136-77519-2.
  17. ^ Giovanni Boccaccio (1893). The Decameron of Giovanni Boccaccio. Lawrence and Bullen. p. 23.
  18. ^ Reetzke, James. Biographical Sketches: A Brief History of the Lord's Recovery. Chicago: Chicago Bibles and Books, 2003: 29. Print.
  19. ^ Al-islam.org [1]
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