1863 Manila earthquake

1863 Great Manila earthquake
Local date	June 3, 1863
Local time	19:30 PST
Duration	30 seconds
Magnitude	7.4 Ms; 6.5 Mw
Epicenter	14°33′N 120°54′E / 14.55°N 120.9°ECoordinates: 14°33′N 120°54′E / 14.55°N 120.9°E
Fault	Manila trench
Areas affected	Manila Bay
Max. intensity	PEIS – IX (Devastating); XI (Extreme)
Tsunami	Yes
Landslides	Yes
Foreshocks	Mw4.9 Mw4.5
Aftershocks	822 (83 felt) including Mw5.1 aftershock
Casualties	1,000 (300 initially) dead 200+ injured

The 1863 Manila earthquake was an earthquake that struck the Philippines on June 3, 1863.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Overview[]

The Manila earthquake on June 3, 1863, destroyed Manila Cathedral, the Ayuntamiento (city hall), the Governor's Palace (all three located at the time on Plaza Mayor, now Plaza de Roma) and much of the city. The residence of the governor-general was moved to Malacañang Palace located about 3 km (1.9 miles) up the Pasig River, while the other two buildings were rebuilt in place. Fatalities was 1,000.^[2]

References[]

^ "Tokuji Utsu (宇津徳治)". iisee.kenken.go.jp (in Japanese).
^ ^a ^b Davis, Lee (2008). Natural Disasters (New ed.). Facts on File. pp. 85–86. ISBN 978-0-8160-7000-8.
^ Gealogo, Francis A. (2016). "Historical Seismology and the Documentation of Postdisaster Conditions: The 1863 and 1880 Luzon Earthquakes". Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints. 64 (3–4): 359–384. doi:10.1353/phs.2016.0033. JSTOR 26621935. S2CID 151885877.
^ "History of Disasters in Some Places in Philippines". Retrieved 2021-07-20 – via Scribd.
^ Blanco, John D. (2009). Frontier Constitutions: Christianity and Colonial Empire in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-94369-8.
^ Kozák, Jan; Musson, Roger M. W. (2020). The Illustrated History of the Elements: Earth, Water, Air, Fire. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-030-21426-5.

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[1] "Tokuji Utsu (宇津徳治)". iisee.kenken.go.jp (in Japanese).

[Davis-2] Davis, Lee (2008). Natural Disasters (New ed.). Facts on File. pp. 85–86. ISBN 978-0-8160-7000-8.

[3] Gealogo, Francis A. (2016). "Historical Seismology and the Documentation of Postdisaster Conditions: The 1863 and 1880 Luzon Earthquakes". Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints. 64 (3–4): 359–384. doi:10.1353/phs.2016.0033. JSTOR 26621935. S2CID 151885877.

[4] "History of Disasters in Some Places in Philippines". Retrieved 2021-07-20 – via Scribd.

[5] Blanco, John D. (2009). Frontier Constitutions: Christianity and Colonial Empire in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-94369-8.

[6] Kozák, Jan; Musson, Roger M. W. (2020). The Illustrated History of the Elements: Earth, Water, Air, Fire. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-030-21426-5.

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Local date	June 3, 1863 (1863-06-03)
Local time	19:30 PST^[2]
Duration	30 seconds
Magnitude	7.4 M_s 6.5 M_w
Epicenter	14°33′N 120°54′E / 14.55°N 120.9°E / 14.55; 120.9Coordinates: 14°33′N 120°54′E / 14.55°N 120.9°E / 14.55; 120.9^[1]
Fault	Manila trench
Areas affected	Manila Bay
Max. intensity	PEIS – IX (Devastating) XI (Extreme)
Tsunami	Yes
Landslides	Yes
Foreshocks	M_w4.9 M_w4.5
Aftershocks	822 (83 felt) including M_w5.1 aftershock
Casualties	1,000 (300 initially) dead 200+ injured

1863 Manila earthquake

Overview[]

See also[]

References[]