19th century in film

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See also: 1900 in film and List of years in film

Events[]

  • 1826 – Nicéphore Niépce takes the first known photograph in history, View from the Window at Le Gras.
  • 1833 – Joseph Plateau (Belgium) introduces a scientific demonstration device that creates an optical illusion of movement by mounting drawings on the face of a slotted, spinning disk, later published as the Fantascope (and now better known as the Phenakistoscope). Simon von Stampfer (Vienna) publishes the very similar stroboscopic discs a few months later.
  • 1866 – The Zoetrope is introduced. The device was a hollow drum with a strip of pictures around its inner surface. When the drum was spun and the pictures viewed through slots on the side of the drum, the pictures appeared to move.
  • 1870s – French inventor Charles-Émile Reynaud improved on the Zoetrope idea by placing mirrors at the center of the drum. He called his invention the Praxinoscope. Reynaud developed other versions of the Praxinoscope too, including a Praxinoscope Theatre, where the device was enclosed in a viewing box, and the Projecting Praxinoscope. Eventually he created the "Théâtre Optique", a large machine based on the Praxinoscope, but able to project longer animated strips. In the United States, the McLoughlin Bros. from New York released in 1879 a simplified (and unauthorized) copy of Reynaud's invention under the name "Whirligig of Life".
  • 1874 - Passage de Vénus is recorded as a series of still pictures on a disc with Jules Janssen's photographic revolver.
  • 1878 – Railroad tycoon Leland Stanford hires British photographer Eadweard Muybridge to settle the questions of whether a galloping horse ever had all four of its feet off the ground. Muybridge successfully photographed a horse in fast motion using a series of 12 cameras controlled by trip wires. Muybridge's photos showed the horse with all four feet off the ground. Muybridge went on a lecture tour showing his photographs on a moving-image device he called the zoopraxiscope. Muybridge's experiments inspired French scientist Étienne-Jules Marey to invent equipment for recording and analyzing animal and human movement. Marey called his invention the chronophotographic camera, which was able to take multiple images superimposed on top of one another.
  • 1880 – Eadweard Muybridge holds a public demonstration of his Zoopraxiscope, a magic lantern provided with a rotating disc with artist's renderings of Muybridge's chronophotographic sequences. It was used as a demonstration device by Muybridge in his illustrated lecture (the original preserved in the Museum of Kingston upon Thames in England).
  • 1882 – American inventor George Eastman begins experimenting with new types of photographic film, with his employee, .
  • 1882 – French physiologist Étienne-Jules Marey invents the chronophotographic gun, a camera shaped like a rifle that photographs twelve successive images each second.
  • 1885 – American inventors George Eastman and Hannibal Goodwin each invent a sensitized celluloid base roll photographic film to replace the glass plates then in use.
  • 1887 – German chronophotographer very successfully presents his photographs in motion with his Electrotachyscope that uses transparent pictures in a wheel
  • 1887 – Hannibal Goodwin files for a patent for his photographic film.
  • 1888 – George Eastman files for a patent for his photographic film.
  • 1888 – Thomas Edison meets with Eadweard Muybridge to discuss adding sound to moving pictures. Edison begins his own experiments.
  • 1888 – Louis Aimé Augustin Le Prince creates the first motion picture films created on paper rolls of film.
  • 1889 – George Eastman's celluloid base roll photographic film becomes commercially available.
  • June 1889 or November 1890 – William K. L. Dickson, working for Thomas Edison, creates the first known motion picture films shot in the United States, the Monkeyshines films.
  • 1891 – Designed around the work of Anschutz, Muybridge, Marey, and Eastman, Thomas Edison's employee William K. L. Dickson finishes work on a motion-picture camera, called the Kinetograph, and a viewing machine, called the Kinetoscope.
  • May 20, 1891 – Thomas Edison holds the first public presentation of his Kinetoscope for the .
  • August 24, 1891 – Thomas Edison files for a patent of the Kinetoscope.
  • 1892 – Charles-Émile Reynaud begins public screenings in Paris at the Théâtre Optique, with hundreds of drawings on a reel that he wound through his Praxinoscope projector to construct moving image stories that continued for about 15 minutes each.
  • March 14, 1893 – Thomas Edison is granted Patent #493,426 for "An Apparatus for Exhibiting Photographs of Moving Objects" (the Kinetoscope).
  • 1893 – Thomas Edison builds a motion-picture studio, dubbed the "Black Maria" by his staff.
  • May 9, 1893 – In America, Thomas Edison holds the first public exhibition of films shot using his Kinetograph at the Brooklyn Institute. Only one person at a time could use his viewing machine, the Kinetoscope.
  • January 7, 1894 – Dickson and William Heise film "Fred Ott's Sneeze" with the Kinetoscope at "Edison's Black Maria".
  • April 14, 1894 – The first commercial presentation of the Kinetoscope takes place at the Holland Brothers' Kinetoscope Parlor at 1155 Broadway, New York City.
  • 1894 – Kinetoscope viewing parlors begin to open in major cities. Each parlor contains several machines.
  • 1895 – In France, Auguste and Louis Lumière design and build a lightweight, hand-held motion picture camera called the Cinématographe. The Lumière brothers created several short films at this time that are considered to be pivotal in the history of motion pictures. Gaumont, the world's oldest film studio, is founded.
  • November 1895 – In Germany, and Max Skladanowsky develop their own film projector.
  • December 1895 – In France, Auguste and Louis Lumière hold their first commercial screenings of films shot with their Cinématographe.
  • January 1896 – In Britain, Birt Acres and Robert W. Paul develop their own film projector, the Theatrograph (later known as the Animatograph).
  • January 1896 – In the United States, a projector called the Vitascope is designed by Charles Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat. Armat began working with Thomas Edison to manufacture the Vitascope, which projected motion pictures.
  • January 26, 1896 – Brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière release L'Arrivée d'un train en gare de La Ciotat in France.
  • April 1896 – Thomas Edison and Thomas Armat's Vitascope is used to project motion pictures in public screenings in New York City
  • September 28, 1896 – Pathé-Frères is founded in Paris.
  • 1896 – French magician and filmmaker Georges Méliès begins experimenting with the new motion picture technology, developing many early special effects techniques.
  • May 4, 1897 – 125 people die during a film screening at the Bazar de la Charité in Paris after a curtain catches on fire from the ether used to fuel the projector lamp.
  • 1897 – Vitagraph Studios are established in New York City.
  • March 22, 1899 – London inventor Edward Raymond Turner applies for a patent for his additive colour process for colour motion picture film.[1]
  • September 1899 – The British Mutoscope and Biograph Company makes King John (a very short silent film) in London, the first known film based on a Shakespeare play.
  • September 1899 – Georges Méliès releases The Dreyfus Affair film series in France, with the last episode featuring events of the current month.
  • October 1899 – Georges Méliès releases Cendrillon in France, the first screen adaptation of the traditional fairy tale "Cinderella".

Births[]

George Eastman.

Deaths[]

References[]

  1. ^ "World's first colour film footage viewed for first time". BBC News. 2012-09-12. Retrieved 2020-08-11.

External links[]

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