2S9 Nona
2S9 Nona | |
---|---|
Type | Self-propelled air-droppable mortar |
Place of origin | Soviet Union |
Service history | |
In service | 1981 – present |
Used by | see Operators |
Wars | Soviet-Afghan War Syrian Civil War War in Donbas Russo-Georgian War |
Production history | |
Designer | TSNIITOCHMASH |
Designed | 1974-1980 |
Manufacturer | Motovilikha Plants |
Produced | 1979 – 1989 |
Specifications | |
Mass | 8.7 tonnes |
Length | 6.02 m |
Barrel length | approx. 1.8 m [1] |
Width | 2.63 m |
Height | 2.3 m |
Crew | 4 |
Caliber | 120 mm |
Elevation | -4 to +80 degrees |
Traverse | 70 degrees |
Rate of fire | 10 rpm, max; 4 rpm, sustained |
Effective firing range | 8.8 km (conventional); 12.8 km (extended) |
Armor | 15 mm max |
Main armament | 120 mm 2A60 mortar |
Secondary armament | 7.62 mm machine gun |
Engine | 5D20 Diesel 240 hp |
Power/weight | 27.1 hp/tonne |
Payload capacity | 40-60 rounds |
Suspension | torsion |
Ground clearance | 450 mm |
Fuel capacity | 400 liters |
Operational range | 500 km |
Maximum speed | 60 km/h (road); 9 km/h (water) |
The 2S9 NONA (Новейшее Орудие Наземной Артилерии - Newest Ordnance of Ground Artillery) is an extremely light-weight self-propelled and air-droppable 120 mm gun-mortar designed in the Soviet Union, which entered service in 1981. The 2S9 chassis is designated the S-120 and based on the aluminium hull of the BTR-D airborne multi-purpose tracked armoured personnel carrier. More generally, the 120 mm mortar is referred to as the Nona, with the 2S9 also known as the Nona-S. Although no figures have been released, it is estimated that well over 1,000 2S9 were built.[2]
Description[]
The 2S9 Nona-S is an amphibious vehicle that can be propelled through the water by two rear water-jets. It is operated by a four-man crew comprising a commander, a driver/mechanic, a gunner, and a loader. The hull interior is separated into a command compartment, a fighting compartment and an engine compartment. A welded steel turret is located at the middle of the hull. The two-man turret has hatches for the gunner and loader respectively.
The 2S9 utilizes a 120mm 2A51 mortar with a 1.8-meter-long barrel. The weapon is actually a hybrid of a mortar and howitzer, being an unconventional design that lacks a direct NATO counterpart. It is a rifled, breech-loaded weapon capable of firing HE (high explosive), white phosphorus and smoke rounds, as well as laser-guided munitions like KM-8 Gran. It can engage in indirect and direct fire, as well as targeting armoured vehicles; its armour-piercing rounds can penetrate the equivalent of 600-650mm of steel plate at up to a kilometre.[3][1][4][5]
Variants[]
Variants of the 120mm Nona mortar:
- 2S23 Nona-SVK – A BTR-80 based version. The 2S23 uses a slightly modified version of the 2A51 mortar, designated the 2A60.[6]
- 2B16 Nona-K – A towed version. Fitted with a muzzle brake.[4]
Current operators[]
- Azerbaijan: 18 2S9[7]
- Belarus: 48 2S9[8]
- China
- Kazakhstan: 25 2S9[9][10]
- Kyrgyzstan: 12 2S9[11]
- Moldova: 9 2S9[12]
- Russia: more than 780 (including 500 in store) 2S9 Nona-S, 42 2S23 Nona-SVK and 124 2B16 Nona-K[13]
- Syria - Quantity unknown [14]
- Turkmenistan: 203 2S9[15]
- Ukraine: 2 2B16 and 40 2S9.[16] 2S9 and 2B16 versions have used by both sides during War in Donbas[17][18]
- Uzbekistan: 54 2S9[19]
- Venezuela - 18 Nona SVK, ordered 2009, delivered 2011-2012.[20] 13 in service as of 2016.[21]
External links[]
- "2S9 Anona (Anemone)- 120mm SPH/Mortar". GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
- Walkaround 2S9 Nona from Kremenchug
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2S9 Nona. |
See also[]
- 2S31 Vena tracked 120mm mortar system (2A80)
References[]
- International Institute for Strategic Studies (February 2016). The Military Balance 2016. 116. Routlegde. ISBN 9781857438352.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marat Kenzhetaev (1998). "Self Propelled Artillery and Mortars". www.armscontrol.ru. MIPT Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies. Archived from the original on 10 January 2010. Retrieved 3 May 2010.
- ^ Jane's Armour and Artillery 1997-98 ISBN 0-7106-1542-6[page needed]
- ^ "The Russian BMD-1 Infantry Fighting Vehicle - TankNutDave.com". Archived from the original on 9 October 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b 2B16 NONA-K, Army Guide, retrieved 16/02/2021
- ^ 2S9 Nona, Military Today, retrieved 16/02/2021
- ^ 2S23 Nona-SVK Self-Propelled Gun-Mortar, Global Security.org, retrieved 16/02/2021
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 180.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 182.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 185.
- ^ Small Arms Survey (2012). "Blue Skies and Dark Clouds: Kazakhstan and Small Arms". Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets. Cambridge University Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-521-19714-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 187.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 188.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, pp. 190-200.
- ^ "Syria Rearms". Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 203.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, pp. 205-206.
- ^ Ferguson, Jonathan; Jenzen-Jones, N.R. (November 2014). Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine, 2014. Research Report 3. Armament Research Services. pp. 50, 70. ISBN 978-0-9924624-3-7. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 491.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 208.
- ^ "Trade Registers". Armstrade.sipri.org. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 416.
- Self-propelled artillery of Russia
- Self-propelled artillery of the Soviet Union
- 120 mm artillery
- Gun-mortars
- Motovilikha Plants products
- TsNIITochMash products
- 120mm mortars
- Field artillery of the Cold War
- Mortars of the Soviet Union
- Military vehicles introduced in the 1980s