428th Bombardment Squadron

428th Bombardment Squadron
B-47 Stratojet as flown by the squadron 1958-1962
Active	1942-1945; 1959-1962
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Medium Bomber
Motto(s)	Tempori Efficientes Latin On Time and Effective
Engagements	Mediterranean Theater of Operations[1]
Decorations	Distinguished Unit Citation[1]
Insignia
Patch with 428th Bombardment Squadron emblem[note 1][1]
Patch with 428th Bombardment Squadron World War II emblem[2]
World War II tail stripe[2]	Top Yellow, bottom third red

The 428th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the 310th Bombardment Wing at Schilling Air Force Base, Kansas, where it was inactivated on 1 January 1962. The squadron had been activated in 1959 in response to Strategic Air Command's expanded nuclear alert, but was inactivated when alert commitments changed.

The squadron was first active during World War II as a medium bomber unit. After training in the United States, it deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, where it participated in Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa. It moved forward with American ground forces. The squadron was awarded a two Distinguished Unit Citations for its actions in combat. Following V-E Day, the squadron was inactivated in theater.

History[]

World War II[]

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310th Bombardmnet Group Mitchells attacking Brenner Pass 1944

Activated as a North American B-25 Mitchell reconnaissance squadron in early 1942, it was redesignated a medium bomber unit in April. It trained with the Third Air Force in the southeastern United States. It was deployed initially to England in September 1942 and flew some missions under VIII Bomber Command over German-occupied France; attacking enemy troop formations, bridges and airfields. It was part of the Operation Torch invasion of North Africa in November 1942, being deployed to the new Mediterranean Theater of Operations. It was assigned to the Twelfth Air Force in French Morocco in November. The squadron engaged primarily in support and interdictory operations; bombing marshalling yards, rail lines, highways, bridges, viaducts, troop concentrations, gun emplacements, shipping, harbors and other objectives in North Africa.

The squadron also engaged in psychological warfare missions, dropping propaganda leaflets behind enemy lines. It took part in the Allied operations against Axis forces in North Africa during March–May 1943, the reduction of Pantelleria and Lampedusa islands during June, the invasion of Sicily in July and the landing at Salerno in September. The squadron was also involved in the Allied advance toward Rome during January–June 1944, the invasion of Southern France in August 1944 and the Allied operations in northern Italy from September 1944 to April 1945. It was inactivated in Italy after the German capitulation in September 1945.

Strategic Air Command[]

From 1958, the Boeing B-47 Stratojet wings of Strategic Air Command (SAC) began to assume an alert posture at their home bases, reducing the amount of time spent on alert at overseas bases. The SAC alert cycle divided itself into four parts: planning, flying, alert and rest to meet General Thomas S. Power’s initial goal of maintaining one third of SAC’s planes on fifteen minute ground alert, fully fueled and ready for combat to reduce vulnerability to a Soviet missile strike.^[3] To implement this new system B-47 wings reorganized from three to four squadrons.^[3][4] The 428th was activated at Schilling Air Force Base as the fourth squadron of the 310th Bombardment Wing. The alert commitment was increased to half the squadron's aircraft in 1962 and the four squadron pattern no longer met the alert cycle commitment, so the squadron was inactivated on 1 January 1962.^[4]

Lineage[]

• Constituted as the 39th Reconnaissance Squadron (Medium) on 28 January 1942

Activated on 15 March 1942

Redesignated 428th Bombardment Squadron (Medium) on 22 April 1942

Redesignated 428th Bombardment Squadron, Medium c. 20 August 1943

Inactivated on 12 September 1945

• Activated on 1 February 1959

Discontinued and inactivated on 1 January 1962^[1]

Assignments[]

• 310th Bombardment Group, 15 March 1942 – 12 September 1945
• 310th Bombardment Wing, 1 February 1959 – 1 January 1962^[1]

Stations[]

Aircraft[]

• North American B-25 Mitchell, 1942-1945
• Boeing B-47 Stratojet, 1959-1962^[1]

References[]

Notes[]

Explanatory notes

Citations

Bibliography[]

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
• Schake, Col Kurt W. (1998). Strategic Frontier: American Bomber Bases Overseas, 1950-1960 (PDF). Trondheim, Norway: Norwegian University of Science and Technology. ISBN 978-8277650241. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
• Watkins, Robert A. (2009). Insignia and Aircraft Markings of the U.S. Army Air Force In World War II. Volume IV, European-African-Middle Eastern Theater of Operations. Atglen,PA: Shiffer Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7643-3401-6. |volume= has extra text (help)