789th Bombardment Squadron

789th Bombardment Squadron (later 789th Tactical Fighter Squadron)
467th Bombardment Group B-24 Liberators in combat formation
Active	1943–1946; 1965
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Bombardment, Fighter
Engagements	European Theater of Operations
Insignia
789th Bombardment Squadron emblem (approved 19 January 1945)[1]
World War II fuselage code[2]	6A

The 789th Tactical Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. During World War II, as the 789th Bombardment Squadron, it was assigned to the 467th Bombardment Group as a Consolidated B-24 Liberator squadron in 1943. After training in the United States, it moved to the European Theater of Operations the following year, where it participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany. It saw combat until the surrender of Germany in May 1945. After V-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States and transitioned into the Boeing B-29 Superfortress It was inactivated on 4 August 1946 at Clovis Army Air Field, New Mexico.

The squadron was redesignated the 789th Tactical Fighter Squadron and activated in April 1965 as part of the 33d Tactical Fighter Wing. It began to train with the McDonnell F-4 Phantom II, but less than three months after activation, it was inactivated and its Phantoms, personnel and mission were transferred to the 40th Tactical Fighter Squadron.

History[]

World War II[]

Training in the United States and deployment[]

The squadron was first activated at Wendover Field, Utah on 1 August 1943 as one of the original four squadrons of the 467th Bombardment Group. It trained with Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bombers until February 1944, when it departed for the European Theater of Operations.^[1][3] The ground echelon departed Wendover on 12 February for the port of embarkation at Camp Shanks, New York, sailing aboard the on 28 February. The air echelon ferried their Liberators to England via the South Atlantic Ferry route.^[4]

Combat in Europe[]

The squadron arrived at its combat station, RAF Rackheath, England, on 11 March 1944, and entered the strategic bombing campaign on 10 April with an attack on a military air base at Bourges. It attacked targets such as factories at Bonn, Osnabrück and Stuttgart, power generating facilities at Hamm, and the harbor at Kiel. It also attacked the German aircraft industry at Brunswick, and other objectives. In September 1944, the squadron spent some time transporting fuel to France to support the Allied advance toward Germany.^[3]

The squadron was occasionally diverted from the strategic campaign to engage in air support and air interdiction missions. On D-Day, it attacked shore installations and bridges near Cherbourg. During Operation Cobra, the breakout at Saint Lo, it bombed troop concentrations and supply dumps near Montreuil. It attacked German lines of communication and fortifications during the Battle of the Bulge from December 1944 through January 1945. It bombed enemy transportation to assist Operation Varsity, the airborne assault across the Rhine in March 1945. The squadron flew its last combat mission on 25 April 1945.^[3]

Return to the United States and inactivation[]

Following V-E Day, the squadron redeployed to the United States. Most of the squadron's planes left Rackheath on 12 June 1945, while the ground echelon sailed on the RMS Queen Mary on 6 July. The squadron began to reassemble at Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota later in July. The squadron was selected for transition into the Boeing B-29 Superfortress and trained with the new bomber at Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico and Harvard Army Air Field, Nebraska, although Japan had surrendered. The squadron completed its transition into the Superfortress and, in January 1946, moved to Clovis Army Air Field, New Mexico, where it became one of the first units in Strategic Air Command. On 4 August 1946, the squadron was inactivated and its mission, personnel and equipment were transferred to the 352d Bombardment Squadron, which was simultaneously activated.^[1][3][4][5]

Fighter operations[]

As the United States Air Force expanded its McDonnell F-4 Phantom II fleet in April 1965, it activated the 33d Tactical Fighter Wing at Eglin Air Force Base Florida. Although it was planned that the squadrons of the 33d Wing would be Convair F-102 Delta Dagger squadrons that were inactivating in the Pacific, these squadrons were still winding down their operations, so the 33d was initially formed with the 786th, 787th, 788th and 789th Tactical Fighter Squadron. The 33d embarked on a program of tactical training with the Phantom. In June 1965, the squadron was inactivated and its planes and personnel were transferred to the 40th Tactical Fighter Squadron, which moved on paper to Eglin from Yokota Air Base, Japan.^[6]

Lineage[]

• Constituted as the 789th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 19 May 1943

Activated on 1 August 1943

Redesignated 789th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy c. 10 August 1944

Redesignated 789th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 5 August 1945

Inactivated on 4 August 1946^[7]

• Redesignated 789th Tactical Fighter Squadron on 9 February 1965 and activated (not organized)

Organized on 1 April 1965^[8]

Inactivated on 20 June 1965^[8]

Assignments[]

• 467th Bombardment Group, 1 August 1943 – 4 August 1946^[7]
• Tactical Air Command, 9 February 1965 (not organized)
• 33d Tactical Fighter Wing, 1 April 1965 – 20 June 1965^[6]

Stations[]

Aircraft[]

• Consolidated B-24 Liberator, 1943–1945
• Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, 1945–1946
• Boeing B-29 Superfortress, 1946^[7]
• McDonnell F-4 Phantom II, 1965^[8]

Campaigns[]

Campaign Streamer	Campaign	Dates	Notes
	Air Offensive, Europe	12 March 1944 – 5 June 1944	789th Bombardment Squadron[1]
	Normandy	6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944	789th Bombardment Squadron[1]
	Northern France	25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944	789th Bombardment Squadron[1]
	Rhineland	15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945	789th Bombardment Squadron[1]
	Ardennes-Alsace	16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945	789th Bombardment Squadron[1]
	Central Europe	22 March 1944 – 21 May 1945	789th Bombardment Squadron[1]

See also[]

• B-24 Liberator units of the United States Army Air Forces
• B-17 Flying Fortress units of the United States Army Air Forces
• List of B-29 Superfortress operators
• List of F-4 Phantom II operators

References[]

Notes[]

Bibliography[]

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

• Anderson, Capt. Barry (1985). Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
• Freeman, Roger A. (1970). The Mighty Eighth: Units, Men and Machines (A History of the US 8th Army Air Force). London, England, UK: Macdonald and Company. ISBN 978-0-87938-638-2.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9. Retrieved 17 December 2016.