Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) also known as GTPase Regulator Associated with Focal Adhesion Kinase (GRAF) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGAP26gene.[5][6][7]
GRAF1 is a multidomain protein that is necessary for the CLIC/ endocytic pathway.[8] By virtue of an N-terminal BAR domain, GRAF1 sculpts the endocytic membranes of this pathway into 40 nm diameter tubules and vesicles that allow uptake of extracellular fluid, GPI-linked proteins and certain bacterial exotoxins into cells. The role of dynamin in the CLIC/GEEC pathway is controversial, but GRAF1 interacts strongly with this protein and acute inhibition of dynamin action abrogates CLIC/GEEC endocytosis. There are several members of the GRAF family of proteins, including , GRAF3, and , all of which likely playing similar roles during clathrin-independent endocytic events. Mutations of both GRAF1 and oligophrenin are strongly implicated in causing human disease (leukaemia and mental retardation, respectively). Recently, autoantibodies to ARHGAP26 have been implicated in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia.[9][10][11]
Interactions[]
ARHGAP26 has been shown to interact with PKN3.[12]
^Doss S, Nümann A, Ziegler A, Siebert E, Borowski K, Stöcker W, Prüss H, Wildemann B, Endres M, Jarius S (15 Feb 2014). "Anti-Ca/anti-ARHGAP26 antibodies associated with cerebellar atrophy and cognitive decline". J. Neuroimmunol. 267 (1–2): 102–4. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.10.010. PMID24439423. S2CID41945608.
^Shibata H, Oishi K, Yamagiwa A, Matsumoto M, Mukai H, Ono Y (2001). "PKNbeta interacts with the SH3 domains of Graf and a novel Graf related protein, Graf2, which are GTPase activating proteins for Rho family". J. Biochem. 130 (1): 23–31. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a002958. PMID11432776.
Further reading[]
Ramakers GJ (2002). "Rho proteins, mental retardation and the cellular basis of cognition". Trends Neurosci. 25 (4): 191–9. doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(00)02118-4. PMID11998687. S2CID13941716.
Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ (2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3491–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC16267. PMID10737800.