Alpinia zerumbet

Alpinia zerumbet
Shell ginger as a streetplant
Shell ginger fruit dehiscing.[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Zingiberales
Family:	Zingiberaceae
Genus:	Alpinia
Species:	A. zerumbet
Binomial name
Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.Burtt and R.M.Sm.[2]
Synonyms
Costus zerumbet Pers. Alpinia cristata Griff. Alpinia fimbriata Gagnep. Alpinia fluvitialis Hayata Alpinia penicillata Roscoe Alpinia schumanniana Valeton Amomum nutans (Andrews) Schult. Catimbium speciosum (J.C.Wendl.) Holttum Languas schumanniana (Valeton) Sasaki Languas speciosa (J.C.Wendl.) Small Renealmia nutans Andrews Renealmia spectabilis Rusby Zerumbet speciosum J.C.Wendl.

Alpinia zerumbet, commonly known as shell ginger, is a perennial species of ginger native to East Asia. They can grow up to 8 to 10 ft (2.4 to 3.0 m) tall and bear colorful funnel-shaped flowers. They are grown as ornamentals and their leaves are used in cuisine and traditional medicine. They are also sometimes known as the pink porcelain lily, variegated ginger or butterfly ginger.

Characteristics[]

Native to eastern Asia, this plant is a rhizomatous, evergreen tropical perennial that grows in upright clumps 8 to 10 ft (2.4 to 3.0 m) tall in tropical climates. It bears funnel-formed flowers. Flowers have white or pink perianths with yellow labella with red spots and stripes.^[3] There are three stamens, but only one has pollen. There is one pistil. The fruit is globose with many striations. In more typical conditions, it reaches 4 to 8 ft (1.2 to 2.4 m) feet tall in the green house, and 3 to 4 ft (0.91 to 1.22 m) feet tall, as a house plant.^[4]

It was originally called Alpinia speciosa, which was also the scientific name of torch ginger. To avoid the confusion, it was renamed as A. zerumbet while torch ginger was reclassified in the genus Etlingera, no species is called A. speciosa. today.^{[citation needed]}

Alpinia zerumbet

Cultivation[]

Alpinia zerumbet is best grown in rich medium-wet, to wet well drained soils in full sun to part shade. Afternoon shade in hot summer climates, is recommended. Indoors, the plant must have bright light and humid conditions. Flowering rarely occurs before the second year.

Alpinia zerumbet is called a "shell ginger" or "shell flower" most commonly, because its individual pink flowers, especially when in bud, resemble sea shells. Other common names in English include "pink porcelain lily", "variegated ginger, "butterfly ginger", and "light galangal".

In Japanese it is known as gettō' (ゲットウ). In Okinawan, it is known as sannin. In Chinese, it is known as yàn shānjiāng (艳山姜) or yuetao (月桃).

Uses[]

The plant's long leaf blades are used for wrapping zongzi, a traditional Chinese dish made of rice stuffed with different fillings. In Okinawa, Japan, A. zerumbet is known in the local language as sannin, or in Japanese as getto. Its leaves are sold for making an herbal tea and are also used to flavor noodles and wrap mochi rice cakes.

Statistically, Okinawan natives who consume a traditional diet that includes shell ginger have a very long life expectancy.^[5] Recent research has investigated its effects on human longevity and the phytochemicals that may be responsible.^[6]

Gallery[]

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  Shell ginger flowers

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  Alpinia zerumbet variegata

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  The inflorescence protected by two bracts before flower bloom.

References[]

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alpinia zerumbet.

Wikispecies has information related to Alpinia zerumbet.

• Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) (in Chinese) (in English)