Anatolijs Gorbunovs
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Anatolijs Gorbunovs, also known as Anatoly Valeryanovich Gorbunov (Russian: Анато́лий Валериа́нович Горбуно́в, born February 10, 1942 in Pilda parish, Ludza municipality, Latvia), is a Latvian politician who served as the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet during the final years of the Soviet regime in Latvia and as Chairman of the Supreme Council of Latvia during the first years after the country regained its independence.
In the latter capacity he was effectively the acting head of state before the election of the Fifth Saeima in 1993. He continued to serve as the Speaker of the Saeima until 1995.
Biography[]
From 1974 to 1988, he held various positions in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the Latvian SSR, with his highest position being the Secretary of the Central Committee. Unlike most Communist Party members in Latvia, Gorbunovs supported the Latvian independence movement. From 1988 to 1990 he was also Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. From 1989 through 1995, he was speaker of the Latvian parliament. During this period, Latvian independence was restored de facto in 1991. As speaker of the parliament, Gorbunovs was acting State President per the 1922 Constitution until 1993, when Guntis Ulmanis was elected president.[1]
Gorbunovs joined the Latvian Way party in 1993 and remained Speaker of the Saeima until 1995 and a member of parliament until 2002. Between 1995 and 2002, he served as Minister of Regional Development, Minister of Transportation and Deputy Prime Minister.
Awards[]
- Order of the Badge of Honour (USSR, 1981)
- Order of the Three Stars, 2nd Class (1995)[1][2]
- Order of the Dannebrog, Commander 1st Class (Denmark, 1997)[3]
- Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class (Estonia, 2002)[4]
- Medal of the Baltic Assembly (2011)[5]
- The Cicero Award (Latvian: Cicerona balva) of the Latvian Academy of Sciences (2012)[6]
Notes[]
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Triju Zvaigžņu ordenis, Anatolijs Gorbunovs" (in Latvian). gramata21.lv. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
- ^ "Par apbalvošanu ar Triju Zvaigžņu ordeņiem - Latvijas Vēstnesis". Latvijas Vēstnesis (in Latvian). 1995-11-08. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
- ^ "Dānijas Karalistes apbalvojumi Latvijas Republikas pilsoņiem". Latvijas Vēstnesis (in Latvian). 1997-03-21. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
- ^ "Satiksmes ministrs: Saņemot Igaunijas valsts apbalvojumu". Latvijas Vēstnesis (in Latvian). 2002-02-26. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
- ^ "Saeimā pasniegs Baltijas Asamblejas medaļas". Saeima of the Republic of Latvia (in Latvian). 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
- ^ "Senatora togas un zobena pretstāves laikā - Latvijas Vēstnesis". Latvijas Vēstnesis (in Latvian). 2012-01-06. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
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- ^ Upon the expiration of Kviesis's term, Prime minister Kārlis Ulmanis illegally merged the Presidency and the Premiership, holding both offices himself. After the Soviet occupation Prime Minister Augusts Kirhenšteins was the illegitimate Acting President from 21 July to 25 August 1940
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- 1942 births
- Living people
- People from Ludza Municipality
- Latvian Way politicians
- Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way politicians
- Members of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union
- Ministers of the Environment of Latvia
- Speakers of the Saeima
- Deputies of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Latvia
- Deputies of the 5th Saeima
- Deputies of the 6th Saeima
- Deputies of the 7th Saeima
- Candidates for President of Latvia
- Communist Party of Latvia politicians
- Heads of state of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
- People of the Singing Revolution
- Riga Technical University alumni
- Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class
- Latvian independence activists