Any key

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The pause command in DOS requests the user to "Press any key to continue."

Computer programmers historically used "Press any key to continue" (or a similar text) as a prompt to the user when it was necessary to pause processing. The system would resume after the user pressed any keyboard button.

History[]

Early computers were typically operated using mechanical teleprinters, which provided a continuous printed record of their output. However, during the 1970s, these became obsolete and were replaced with visual display units, and text was lost once it scrolled off the top of the screen. To compensate, programs typically paused operation after displaying one screen of data, so that the user could observe the results and then press a key to move to the next screen.

A similar pause was also required when some physical action was required from the user, such as inserting a floppy disk or loading a printer with paper.

These prompts were commonplace on text-based operating systems prior to the development of graphical user interfaces, which typically included scrollbars to enable the user to view more than one screen/window of data. They are therefore no longer required as a means of paginating output, but the graphical equivalent (such as a modal dialog box containing the text "Click OK to continue") is still used for hardware interactions.

The prompt ("any key") is not strictly accurate, in that one is required to press a key which generates some sort of character. For the vast majority of computer systems, pressing modifier keys or lock keys would not cause processing to resume, as they do not produce an actual character that the program could detect.

Some Samsung remote controls for DVD players, as is the case of DVD-R130, have included an "anykey" to their interface. It is used to view the status of the DVD being watched.[1]

Cultural significance[]

A picture of a keyboard which has been photo manipulated to include an "ANY" key.

A 1982 Apple Computer manual for developers warned:[2]

Do not tell the user to "press any key." ... On the Apple II series computers, you cannot read every key by itself: RESET, SHIFT, CONTROL. We have also found in testing that new users, in particular, panic when asked to press any key. Over 80% of them will turn around and say, "but what key should I press?" In questioning them about this response, we discovered that they are quite convinced that even though the prompt implied that all keys were OK to press, some could be dangerous. Of course, they were quite right.

There are reports from as early as 1988 that some users have searched for such a key labelled "any", and called technical support when they have been unable to find it.[3][4] The computer company Compaq[5] even edited their FAQ to explain that the "any" key does not exist,[6][7] and at one point considered replacing the command "Press any key" with "Press return key".[8]

The concept of the "any key" has become a popular piece of computer-related humor,[9] and was used as a gag on The Simpsons, in the seventh-season episode "King-Size Homer".

Plastic "ANY keys" with adhesive backings are available as novelty gifts.[10]

In ex-USSR computer slang[]

A slang word in the Russian language, эникейщик (enikeyshchik), has appeared due to the phrase "press any key to continue" and other similar phrases,[11][12][13] which refers to computer system administrators and technical support workers who must assist users who struggle with PC-related difficulties which are often trivial, such as "press any key to continue" messages. The word is often considered derogatory,[citation needed] contrasting anyone it is applied to with someone considered to be a real system administrator or higher-level technical support worker. The related slang verb "эникеить" (enikeyit') means 'to perform usually simple computer administration and support'.[citation needed]

In Russian and ex-USSR[clarification needed] computer jargon, the term "any key" is sometimes associated with the reset button of a computer.[citation needed] Office workers more experienced in English and computers are said[by whom?] to have placed stickers with the words "any key" printed on them over reset buttons, causing colleagues to press the reset button in cases where a "press any key" message appeared.[14] Others[who?] have attributed it to the behaviour of novice computer users, who might press the reset button when faced with a message they do not expect to see, rather than reading it and following its instructions.[citation needed] It has also been considered[by whom?] that Murphy's law-like situations have contributed to the term's association with the reset button, as users may not trust the computer to perform the stated action correctly after a key is pressed, for instance due to a software bug, instead opting to reset it entirely if there is no other possible action to take.[citation needed]

References[]

  1. ^ DVD-R130
  2. ^ Meyers, Joe; Tognazzini, Bruce (1982). Apple IIe Design Guidelines (PDF). Apple Computer. p. 34. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2014-03-11.
  3. ^ "Fantastic Voyages II / The Whirlwind Tour inside the Entertainment Industry Continues". Computer Gaming World. November 1988. p. 42.
  4. ^ Jared Sandberg (2007-02-20). "'It Says Press Any Key; Where's the Any Key?'; India's Call-Center Workers Get Pounded, Pampered". The Wall Street Journal. p. b1.
  5. ^ Compaq FAQ: Where do I find the "Any" key on my keyboard
  6. ^ Nick Farrell (2006-12-18). "Compaq tells punters where the 'any' key is". The Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 26, 2009. Retrieved 2008-01-23.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  7. ^ Ashlee Vance (2003-09-25). "Compaq FAQ explains the 'Any Key'". The Register. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
  8. ^ Bill Kirby (1999-10-29). "Technology often tests creativity". Augusta Chronicle. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
  9. ^ Jeffrey Kent (2004). C++ Demystified. McGraw Hill. p. 245. ISBN 0-07-225370-3.
  10. ^ "Gag items offer relief in world of bits, bytes". The Deseret News. 1999-03-30. Retrieved from Newsbank on 2009-02-15.
  11. ^ Search for the word "эникейщик" through dictionaries (in Russian)
  12. ^ Social variants of language II: materials of international scientific conference on April 24-25, 2003 (in Russian)
  13. ^ Tatyana Gennadyevna Nikitina "Slang of young people (explanatory dictionary)" (in Russian)
  14. ^ Gazeta.Ru: Dmitriy Turetskiy "Let's talk about slang" (in Russian)
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