Apalachee language
| Apalachee | |
|---|---|
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Florida |
| Ethnicity | Apalachee |
| Extinct | early 18th century |
Muskogean
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xap |
xap | |
| Glottolog | apal1237 |
Apalachee was a Muskogean language of Florida. It was closely related to Koasati and Alabama.[1]
The language is known primarily from one document, a letter written in 1688 to Charles II of Spain. Geoffrey Kimball has produced a grammatical sketch (Kimball 1987) and a vocabulary of the language (Kimball 1988) based on the contents of the letter.
Haas (1949) showed that Apalachee belonged to the same branch of the Muskogean family as Koasati, Alabama, and Hitchiti.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| Labial | Alveolar | Lateral | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | plain | /p/ ⟨p⟩ | /t/ ⟨t⟩ | /tʃ/ ⟨ch⟩ | /k/ ⟨c, g⟩ | ||
| voiced | /b/ ⟨b⟩ | ||||||
| Fricative | /f/ ⟨f⟩ | /s/ ⟨s⟩ | /ɬ/ ⟨lz⟩ | /h/ ⟨h⟩ | |||
| Nasal | /m/ ⟨m⟩ | /n/ ⟨n⟩ | |||||
| Approximant | /w/ ⟨gu, w⟩ | /l/ ⟨l⟩ | /j/ ⟨y⟩ | ||||
Vowels[]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | /i/ ⟨i⟩ | ||
| Close-mid | /o/ ⟨o⟩ | ||
| Open | /a/ ⟨a⟩ |
Vowels may also be elongated.
Bibliography[]
- Haas, M. R. (1949). The position of Apalachee in the Muskogean family. International Journal of American Linguistics, 15(2), 121-127.
- Kimball, G. (1987). A grammatical sketch of Apalachee. International journal of American linguistics, 53(2), 136-174.
- Kimball, G. (1988). An Apalachee vocabulary. International Journal of American Linguistics, 54(4), 387-398.
References[]
- ^ Broadwell 1992, pp. 3; 41-2, fn. 2
External links[]
Categories:
- Languages with Linglist code
- Apalachee
- Muskogean languages
- Languages extinct in the 18th century
- 18th-century disestablishments in North America
- Extinct languages of North America
- Indigenous languages of the Americas stubs