Article 52 of N.O.I.F.

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Art.52, Norme organizzative interne della FIGC ("Article 52 of the Italian Football Federation regulations for internal organisation") governs the status of phoenix clubs in football in Italy. The article was revised in 2004,[1] 2008,[2] 2010[3] and 2014. Comma 1 describes the matter of the article, while Comma 2 forbids to sell a club sport right.

Comma 3 and 4[]

According to Comma 3 of the article, a new company from the same city could be admitted to the same division to replace a bankrupted football club company, if the company had acquired the bankrupted company as well as being willing to take over the liabilities to pay sports related debt, as well as any outstanding taxes.

Examples[]

Serie B
  • F.C. Bari 1908: (2014)[4]
Lega Pro

Comma 4 rules the same matter of 3 in semiprofessional and amatorial leagues.

Serie D
Eccellenza
  • S.S.D. Massese: (2009)[19]
  • Fulgor Maceratese: (2009)[20]
  • : (2003)[21]
Promozione
  • A.C. Cesenatico: (2000)[22]
  • A.C. Trento S.C.S.D.: (2014)[23]
  • A.S.D. Amici del Verbania: (2006)[24]

Comma 5[]

Comma 5 rules the merging of two or more clubs. The new team follows the sport rights of the strongest of the merging clubs. It is one of the most ancient FIGC rules, and the most famous historical case of application was UC Sampdoria (1946) which inheredited and continued the history of its forerunner SG Sampierdarenese in Serie A.

Comma 6 to 9 (Lodo Petrucci)[]

Lodo Petrucci ('Petrucci Award') was a ruling named after Gianni Petrucci. Ratified in 2004, instead of acquiring the sports title by clearing the debt, FIGC could award the title to a new company based on the historic sporting merit of the old club. However, in such a situation the new club was automatically relegated to one level below the original club. In 2008 this changed to an automatic relegation two levels below the original club, and was limited to Serie A and B clubs only. However, the ruling was abolished completely in 2015 as its criteria were too subjective.

Examples[]

Serie A → Serie B
Serie B → Serie C1
  • Perugia Calcio: (2005)[26]
  • Salernitana Calcio 1919: (2005)[27]
Serie C1 → Serie C2

Some clubs unsuccessfully tried the "Lodo" so they had to pay part of the old debts to create the new phoenix club. These cases were privately managed by the FIGC without specific rules as the ACF Fiorentina case in 2002:

Comma 10[]

Comma 10 of the article allowed a new company could be admit to Serie D to replace the old football club that not admitted to professional leagues. It was the Comma 9 but became 10 in the 2010 amendment. One of the example was the failed auction of Parma F.C., which the debt was stood at €22.6 million.[35] (reduced from over €70 million by the resettlement during administration[36])

Examples[]

City Team Year Source
Serie D
Arezzo A.S.D. Atletico Arezzo 2010 [37]
Avellino Avellino Calcio.12 S.S.D. 2009 [38]
Bari S.S.C. Bari 2018
Como Calcio Como 2005 [39][40][41]
Como 1907 2017 [42]
Ferrara Real SPAL 2012
Foggia A.C.D. Foggia Calcio 2012
Grosseto F.C. Grosseto S.S.D. 2015 [43]
Latina 2017 [42]
Leghorn U.S. Livorno 2021
Mantua Mantova F.C. S.r.l. 2010 [37]
2017 [42]
Messina 2017 [42]
Modena Modena Football Club 2018
Monza S.S.D. Monza 1912 2015 [44]
Novara Novara Football Club 2021 [45]
Padua S.S.D. Biancoscudati Padova 2014 [46]
Palermo Palermo Football Club 2019
Parma S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913 2015 [47]
Perugia A.S.D. Perugia Calcio S.r.l. 2010 [37]
Pisa A.C. Pisa 1909 2009 [48]
Reggio Calabria A.S.D. Reggio Calabria 2015 [49]
Reggio Emilia Reggio Audace F.C. 2018
Rimini A.C. Rimini 1912 S.S.D. a r.l. 2010 [37]
Salerno Salerno Calcio 2011
Siena Robur Siena S.S.D. 2014 [46]
Venice F.B.C. Unione Venezia 2009
Venezia Football Club 2015 [43]
Eccellenza
Alessandria U.S. Alessandria Calcio 1912 2003
Barletta A.S.D. Barletta 1922 2015 [43]
Imola Imolese 2005
Manfredonia A.S.D. Manfredonia Football 1932 2010 [37]
Olbia A.S.D. Olbia 1905 2010 [37]
Sora Sora 2005
Trieste Unione Triestina 2012 S.S.D. 2012 [50]
Varese Varese Calcio S.S.D. 2015 [49]
Promozione
Chieti A.S.D. Chieti 2006 [51]
Cassino A.S.D. Nuova Cassino Calcio 1924 2010 [52][53]

References[]

general
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specific
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