Asian Latin Americans

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For the Latino population of Asian descent living in or native to the United States, see Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans. For the population in Asia of Latin American descent, see Latin American Asian.
Asian Latin Americans
Total population
c. 6,607,730 approximately
Regions with significant populations
 Brazil2,084,288[1][2]
 Peru1,461,638 estimated[3][4][5] 36,841 self-reported[4]
 Mexico1,000,000
 Venezuela500,000
 Argentina344,130
 Colombia213,910
 Panama140,000
 Cuba114,240[6]
 Dominican Republic52,000
 Paraguay51,000
 Guatemala27,000
 Chile25,000
 Ecuador17,080
 Bolivia15,000
 Nicaragua14,000[7]
 Costa Rica9,170[8]
 Puerto Rico6,390
 Uruguay4,000
 El Salvador3,000
 Honduras2,609[9]
 Haiti<1,000[10]
Languages
European Languages:
English · Spanish · Portuguese
Asian Languages:
Arabic · Chinese · Hindustani (Hindi–Urdu) · Tamil · Telugu · Japanese · Korean · Punjabi · Urdu · Filipino · Bengali · Vietnamese
Religion
Buddhism · Christianity · Hinduism · Islam · Shintoism · Sikhism · Taoism · Zoroastrianism · Jainism · African diaspora religions
Related ethnic groups
Latino, Hispanic, Asian, Filipinos, Spaniards, Portuguese, European Latin Americans, Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans, Latin American Asian, Asian Caribbean, Chinese Caribbeans

Asian Latin Americans or Latinasians are Latin Americans of full or partial Asian descent. The term generally refers to those of East Asian background, but can encompass other Asian ethnic groups. Asian Latin Americans have a centuries-long history in the region, starting with Filipinos in the 16th century. The peak of Asian immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries. In comparison to the majority of the Latin American population Asian Latin Americans are not as common as the Mestizo or European population but there are currently more than four million Asian Latin Americans, nearly 1% of Latin America's population. Chinese, Japanese and the Lebanese are the largest Asian ancestries; other major ethnic groups include Indians, Koreans and Filipinos. Brazil is home to the largest population of East Asian descent, estimated at about 2.08 million.[1][11] With as much as 5% of their population having some degree of Chinese ancestry, Peru has the highest ratio of any country for East Asian descent.[3] Though the most recent official census, which relied on self-identification, gave a much lower percentage.[4][12]

There has been notable emigration from these communities in recent decades, so that there are now hundreds of thousands of people of Asian Latin American origin in both Japan and the United States. Also In Mexico there is about 1,160,000 Mexicans of Filipino descent with at least 4% of Mexico being related or related ethnicity to Southeast Asians. The Philippines was also colonized by Spain. Koreans, Japanese, Chinese and Vietnamese also migrated to Mexico in total there is about 140,000 Mexicans of Asian descent. Mexico also has related food to Southeast Asian food. Like Thai sticky rice in Mexico, there is a dish called Arroz Con Leche that means rice in milk and in Indonesia. There is also a Chinese dish known as Zongzi, which is similar to a tamale. However, instead of being wrapped in dough they are wrapped in leafy greens.

History[]

Chinese immigrants working in the cotton crop (1890) in Peru.

The first Asian Latin Americans were Filipinos who made their way to Latin America (primarily to Cuba and Mexico and secondarily to Colombia, Panama and Peru) in the 16th century, as sailors, crews, prisoners, slaves, adventurers and soldiers during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. For two and a half centuries (between 1565 and 1815) many Filipinos and Chinese sailed on the Manila-Acapulco Galleons, assisting in the Spanish Empire's monopoly in trade. Some of these sailors never returned to the Philippines and many of their descendants can be found in small communities around Baja California, Sonora, Mexico City, Peru and others, thus making Filipinos the oldest Asian ethnic group in Latin America.

While South Asians had been present in various forms in Latin America for centuries by the 1800s, it was in this century that the flow into the region spiked dramatically. This rapid influx of hundreds of thousands of mainly male South Asians was due to the need for indentured servants. This is largely tied to the abolition of black slavery in the Caribbean colonies in 1834. Without the promise of free labor and a hostile working class on their hands, the Dutch colonial authorities had to find a solution – cheap Asian labor.[13]

Japanese immigrant family in Brazil

Many of these immigrant populations became such fixtures in their adopted countries that they acquired names of their own. For example, the Chinese men who labored in agricultural work became known as "coolies". While these imported Asian laborers were initially just replacement for agricultural slave labor, they gradually began to enter other sectors as the economy evolved. Before long, they had entered more urban work and the service sector. In certain areas, these populations assimilated into the minority populations, adding yet another definition to go on a casta.

In some areas, these new populations caused conflict. In Northern Mexico, tensions became inevitable when the United States began to shut off Chinese immigration in the early 1880s. Many who were originally bound for the USA were re-routed to Mexico. The rapid increase in population and rise to middle/upper class standing generated strong resentment among existing residents. These tensions lead to riots. In the state of Sonora, the entire Chinese population was expelled in 1929.

Today, the overwhelming majority of Asian Latin Americans are either of East Asian (namely Chinese, Japanese or Korean), or West Asian descent (mostly the Lebanese or Syrians).[14] Many of whom arrived during the second half of the 1800s and the first half of the 1900s.[15] Japanese migration mostly came to a halt after World War II (with the exception of Japanese settlement in the Dominican Republic), while Korean migration mostly came to an end by the 1980s and Chinese migration remains ongoing in a number of countries.

Settlement of war refugees has been extremely minor: a few dozen ex-North Korean soldiers went to Argentina after the Korean War[16][17] and some Hmong went to French Guiana after the Vietnam War.[18]

Roles in labor[]

Asian Latin Americans served various roles during their time as low wage workers in Latin America. In the second half of the nineteenth century, nearly a quarter of a million Chinese migrants in Cuba worked primarily on sugar plantations. The Chinese "coolies" who migrated to Peru took up work on the Andean Railroad or the Guano Fields. Over time the Chinese progressed to acquiring work in urban centers as tradesmen, restaurateurs and in the service industry. By the second decade of the nineteenth century, approximately 25,000 Chinese migrants in Mexico found relative success with small businesses, government bureaucracy, and intellectual circles. In the 1830s, the British and Dutch colonial governments also imported South Asians to work as indentured servants to places such as Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname, Curaçao and British Guiana (later renamed Guayana). At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Japanese immigrants reached Brazil and Peru. Much like the Chinese, the Japanese often worked as indentured servants and low wage workers for planters. Japanese work contracts were notably more short term than those of the Chinese and the process was closely monitored by the Japanese government to dissuade abuse and foul play. In both cases, the influx of Asian migrant workers was to fill the void left in the Latin American work forces after the abolition of slavery. Employers of all kinds were desperate for a low cost replacement for their slaves so those who did not participate in any illegal slave operations turned to the Asian migrants.[19]

Geographic distribution[]

Chinatown, Lima-Peru.

Four and a half million Latin Americans (almost 1% of the total population of Latin America) are of Asian descent. The number may be millions higher, even more so if all who have partial ancestry are included. For example, Asian Peruvians are estimated at 5%[3] of the population there, but one source places the number of all Peruvians with at least some Chinese ancestry at 5 million, which equates to 20% of the country's total population.[20]

The Liberdade neighborhood is a Little Tokyo of São Paulo.

The Chinese are the most populous Asian Latin Americans. Significant populations of Chinese ancestry are found in Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Panama, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Mexico and Costa Rica (where they make up about 1% of the total population; or about 9,000 residents). Nicaragua is home to 14,000 ethnic Chinese; the majority reside in Managua and on the Caribbean coast. Smaller communities of Chinese, numbering just in the hundreds or thousands, are also found in Ecuador and various other Latin American countries. Many Latin American countries are home to barrios chinos (Chinatowns).

Most who are of Japanese descent reside in Brazil, Peru, Argentina, Mexico, Bolivia and Paraguay. Japanese Peruvians have a considerable economic position in Peru.[21] Many past and present Peruvian Cabinet members are ethnic Asians, but most particularly Japanese Peruvians have made up large portions of Peru's cabinet members and former president Alberto Fujimori is of Japanese ancestry who is currently the only Asian Latin American to have ever served as the head of any Latin American nation (or the second, if taking into account Arthur Chung). Brazil is home to the largest Japanese community outside Japan, numbering about 1.7 million with ancestry alone. Brazil is also home to 10,000 Indians, 5,000 Vietnamese, 4,500 Afghans, 2,900 Indonesians and 1,000 Filipinos.

Korean people are the third largest group of Asian Latin Americans. This group is the largest (specially in Southeast region) with a population of 51,550. The second largest is in Argentina, with a population of 23,603 and with active Koreatowns in Buenos Aires. More 10,000 in Guatemala,[22] and Mexico, This last with active communities in Monterrey, Guadalajara, Yucatan and Mexico City. More than 1,000 in Chile, Paraguay, Venezuela, Honduras and Peru where Jung Heung-won, a Korean Peruvian, was elected mayor in City of Chanchamayo.>ref>http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110116000160</ref> He is the first Mayor of Korean origin in Peru and all of Latin America. There are small and important communities (less 1,000 peoples) in Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic, Uruguay, Puerto Rico and Haiti.

There is also a Hmong community in Argentina. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Panama, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela also have small Asian Indian communities.

Emigrant communities[]

Monument dedicated to Japanese Immigration in Santo Domingo (Paseo Bellini).

Canada[]

Canada has been a destination for Asian Latin American emigration. The immigrants usually settle in the largest cities, such as Vancouver and Toronto and integrate into the overall Asian Canadian communities.

Japan[]

Main article: Dekasegi

Japanese Brazilian immigrants to Japan numbered 250,000 in 2004, constituting Japan's second-largest immigrant population.[23] Their experiences bear similarities to those of Japanese Peruvian immigrants, who are often relegated to low income jobs typically occupied by foreigners.[21]

United States[]

Main article: Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans

Most Asian Latin Americans who have migrated to the United States live in the largest cities, often in Asian American or Hispanic and Latino communities in the Greater Los Angeles area, New York metropolitan area, Chicago metropolitan area, San Francisco Bay area, Greater Houston, the San Diego area, Imperial Valley, California, Dallas–Fort Worth and South Florida (mainly Chinese Cubans). They and their descendants are sometimes known as Asian Hispanics and Asian Latinos.

In the 2000 US Census, 119,829 Hispanic or Latino Americans identified as being of Asian race alone.[24] In 2006 the Census Bureau's American Community Survey estimated them at 154,694,[25] while its Population Estimates, which are official, put them at 277,704.[26] Some notable Americans of Asian Hispanic/Latino heritage include Harry Shum Jr., Franklin Chang Díaz, Carlos Galvan, Kelis, Kirk Acevedo and Chino Moreno. In the United States, there are Facebook groups that are devoted to Asian Hispanics in New York,[27] California[28] and Bay Area.[29]

Composition[]

Asian Latin American population (incomplete data)
Country Chinese Indian[30] Japanese Korean Filipino Others References
Argentina No data 1,600 65,000 23,063 15,000 2,000
Bolivia No data No data 14,178 654 No data No data
Brazil 251,649 1,900 242,643 50,281 1,000 No data [3][31]
Chile No data 650 4,000 2,700 No data No data
Colombia No data 20 3,000[32] 900 17,000 [33][34]
Costa Rica 9,170 16 No data No data No data No data [35][36]
Cuba No data 200 1200 900 No data No data No data
Dominican Republic No data 200 847 675 No data No data
Ecuador 95,000 5 434 714 No data No data
El Salvador 2,140 55 176 151 No data 103
Guatemala 13,700 22 288 12,918 No data No data [37][38]
Honduras 1,415 No data 422 No data No data No data [39]
Mexico 900,000 400 432,000 230,000 2,135,000 1,300[40]
Nicaragua 14,000[41] No data 145 745 No data No data
Panama 258,886[42] 2,164 456 421 No data No data
Paraguay No data No data 9,484 5,039 No data No data
Peru 1,300,000[3] 145 160,000[43][44][45] 1,493 No data No data [3][46]
Puerto Rico >2,200 823 10,486 109 9,832 No data
Uruguay No data ~100 3,456 216 No data No data
Venezuela No data 680 2,000 1,000 No data 10,000

Notable persons[]

Argentina

Leonardo Nam
Jessica Michibata
  • Juliana Awada, former First Lady of Argentina, Lebanese Argentine.
  • Carlos Balá, actor of Lebanese descent.
  • Yamila Diaz-Rahi, model of Lebanese descent.
  • Dumbfoundead, rapper Argentine-born Korean American Rapper.
  • Liu Song, table tennis player; Chinese Argentine.
  • Ignacio Huang, actor; Taiwanese Argentine.
  • Hoshitango Imachi, ex-sumo wrestler, Japanese Argentine.
  • Mario Alberto Ishii, political and mayor of the region José C. Paz, Japanese Argentine.
  • Natalia Kim, actress and model, Korean Argentine.
  • Chang Sung Kim, actor, Korean Argentine.
  • María Kodama, writer of Japanese descent.
  • Katsutoshi Kurata, martial artist, Japanese Argentine.
  • Margarita Lee "Señorita Lee"; model, actress and television host; Korean Argentine.
  • Yoshihiro Matsumura, martial artist, Japanese Argentine.
  • Carlos Menem, lawyer and politician, former president of Argentina, Syrian Argentine.
  • Eduardo Menem, politician and brother of Carlos Menem, Syrian Argentine.
  • Jessica Michibata, fashion model; Japanese Argentine.
  • Sergio Nakasone producer and tv director, Japanese Argentine.
  • Leonardo Nam, actor; Korean Argentine.
  • Jae Park, Korean American singer-songwriter born in Argentina.
  • Kazuya Sakai, painter, Japanese Argentine.
  • María Eugenia Suárez, actress and singer; Japanese Argentine.
  • Alicia Terada, politician, Japanese Argentine.
  • Chang Sung Kim, actor, Korean Argentine.
  • Marco, actor; Korean Argentine.

Bolivia

  • Chi Hyun Chung, politician; Korean Bolivian
  • Juan Pereda, politician; Palestinian Bolivian
  • Pedro Shimose, poet; Japanese Bolivian

Brazil

  • Erica Awano, manga artist; Japanese Brazilian
  • Suresh Biswas, adventurer; Indo-Brazilian
  • Ken Chang, singer; Chinese Brazilian
  • Sérgio Echigo, former footballer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Boris Fausto, historian, political scientist and writer; Turkish Brazilian
  • Alexandr Fier, chess grandmaster; Japanese Brazilian
  • Ashok Gandotra, cricketer; Indo-Brazilian
  • Kaio Felipe Gonçalves, striker; Japanese Brazilian
  • Luiz Gushiken, union leader and politician; Japanese Brazilian
  • Sandro Hiroshi, footballer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Hugo Hoyama, tennis player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Fabiane Hukuda, judoka; Japanese Brazilian
  • Kaisei Ichirō, sumo wrestler; Japanese Brazilian
  • Thereza Imanishi-Kari, professor; Japanese Brazilian
  • Ryoki Inoue, the world's most prolific writer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Vânia Ishii, judoka; Japanese Brazilian
  • Cláudio Kano, table tennis player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Nathalia Kaur, model and actress; Indian descent
  • Reishin Kawai, aikido practitioner and acupuncturist; Japanese Brazilian
  • Pedro Ken, footballer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Allam Khodair, race car driver; Japanese Lebanese Brazilian
  • Felipe Kitadai, judoka; Japanese Brazilian
  • Paulinho Kobayashi, footballer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Caroline Kumahara, table tennis player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Yanna Lavigne, actress and model; Japanese Brazilian
  • Iara Lee, producer, director and activist; Korean Brazilian
  • Gui Lin, table tennis player; Chinese Brazilian
  • Lovefoxxx, singer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Manabu Mabe, painter; Japanese Brazilian
  • Lyoto Machida, mixed martial artist; Japanese Brazilian
  • Mitsuyo Maeda, judo master and developer of Brazilian jiu-jitsu; Japanese Brazilian
  • Daniel Matsunaga, model, host, actor and footballer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Jo Matumoto, former pro baseball player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Froilano de Mello, microbiologist; Indo-Brazilian
  • Paulo Miyashiro, triathlete; Japanese Brazilian
  • Carlos Morimoto, author; Japanese Brazilian
  • Andrews Nakahara, MMA fighter; Japanese Brazilian
  • Mariana Ohata, triathlete; Japanese Brazilian
  • Ruy Ohtake, architect; Japanese Brazilian
  • Tomie Ohtake, artist; Japanese Brazilian
  • Oscar Oiwa, painter, visual artist and architect; Japanese Brazilian
  • Leandro Okabe, model; Japanese Brazilian
  • Tetsuo Okamoto, swimmer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Poliana Okimoto, long-distance swimmer and gold medalist; Japanese Brazilian
  • Pedro Okuda, baseball shortstop; Japanese Brazilian
  • Luís Onmura, judoka; Japanese Brazilian
  • Hiroo Onoda, former Japanese Army officer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Angela Park, golfer; Korean Brazilian
  • Rogério Romero, swimmer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Lucas Salatta, backstroke swimmer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Silvio Santos, television host and entrepreneur; Turkish Brazilian
  • Daniella Sarahyba, model; Lebanese descent
  • Akihiro Sato, model; Japanese Brazilian
  • Sabrina Sato, model; Japanese and Lebanese descent
  • Luis Shinohara, former judoka; Japanese Brazilian
  • Lígia Silva, table tennis player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Marcos Sugiyama, volleyball player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Mahau Suguimati, track hurdler; Japanese Brazilian
  • Jung Mo Sung, lay theologian; Korean Brazilian
  • Manabu Suzuki, racer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Rafael Suzuki, racer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Rodrigo Tabata, footballer; Japanese Brazilian
  • Marlon Teixeira, model; Japanese Brazilian
  • Alex Yuwan Tjong, badminton player; Indonesian Brazilian
  • Geovanna Tominaga, television host and actress; Japanese Brazilian
  • Gustavo Tsuboi, table tennis player; Japanese Brazilian
  • Felipe Wu, sport shooter; Chinese Brazilian
  • Jenifer Widjaja, tennis player; Indonesian Brazilian
  • Stênio Yamamoto, sports shooter; Japanese Brazilian
  • Mario Yamasaki, MMA fighter; Japanese Brazilian
  • Carlos Yoshimura, baseball pitcher; Japanese Brazilian

Chile

  • Alfonso Leng, composer; Chinese Chilean
  • Carlos Ominami, economist and politician; Japanese Chilean
  • Rafael Tarud, politician, Palestinian Chilean

Colombia

  • Shakira, of partial Lebanese descent
  • Farina, Colombian rapper and reggaeton singer of Peruvian and Lebanese descent.
  • Yokoi Kenji,[47] speaker; Japanese Colombian.
  • José Kaor Dokú, ex-soccer player and ex-military; Japanese Colombian.
  • Maru Yamayusa, Colombian actress, partial Japanese descent.
  • Yu Takeuchi, mathematical; Japanese Colombian.
  • Yuriko Yoshimura, actress and model; Japanese Colombian.
  • Paublo Ng Choi, [48] [49] Chef, Chinese Colombian.
  • Laura González, Miss Colombia 2017; Lebanese descent.
  • Jordy Monroy, footballer, born in Colombia; Armenian origin
  • Sayaka Osorio, [50] [51] Karateka, Korean Colombian.
  • Nydia Quintero Turbay, former First Lady of Colombia, Lebanese descent.
  • Manuel Teodoro, American journalist of Colombian and Filipino descent.

Costa Rica

Harry Shum Jr.
  • Franklin Chang-Diaz, former NASA astronaut; Chinese Spanish Costa Rican
  • Cheng Siu Chung, retired football player, coach; Chinese Costa Rican
  • Eduardo Li, president of the Costa Rican football federation; Chinese Costa Rican
  • Harry Shum Jr., actor; Chinese Costa Rican

Cuba

Wifredo Lam
  • Fulgencio Batista, former President of Cuba; of partial Chinese heritage
  • Yamil Chade, boxing manager; Lebanese Cuban
  • Yat-Sen Chang, ballet dancer; Chinese Cuban
  • Emilio Estefan, musician; Lebanese Cuban
  • Wifredo Lam, artist; Afro-Chinese-Cuban
  • Alfredo Abon Lee, army officer; Chinese Cuban
  • Jeronimo Lim Kim, Korean Cuban known for being a part of the Cuban Revolution

Dominican Republic

Ecuador

  • Li Jian - midfielder; Chinese Ecuadorian
  • Jinsop, singer; Korean Ecuadorian
  • Alberto Dahik, politician; Lebanese Ecuadorian
  • Carlos Moncayo, co-founder and CEO of Asiam; Chinese Ecuadorian
  • Jaime Nebot, lawyer and former mayor Guayaquil; Lebanese Ecuadorian
  • Julio Teodoro Salem, politician; Lebanese Ecuadorian

El Salvador

  • Nayib Bukele, Politician and El Salvador's President of Palestine descent.
  • Takeshi Fujiwara, sprinter and athlete; Japanese Salvadorean
  • Hiroyuki Ikeuchi, Japanese Actor of Salvadorean descent.

Guatemala

  • Myrna Mack, anthropologist; Chinese and Maya descent
  • Helen Mack Chang, businesswoman and human rights activist; Chinese Guatemalan

Honduras

Mexico

Ana Gabriel.
Ana Gabriel
For a more comprehensive list, see List of Asian Mexicans.
  • Alberto Arai, architect, theorist and writer; Japanese Mexican
  • Eduardo Auyón, artist and cultural promoter; Chinese Mexican
  • Jesús Chong, boxer; Chinese Mexican
  • Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong, secretary of the interior of Mexico; Chinese Mexican
  • Axel Didriksson, writer and professor; Japanese Mexican
  • Ana Gabriel, Mexican singer and composer; Chinese on her mother's side
  • Zhenli Ye Gon, businessman and alleged drug trafficker; Chinese Mexican
  • Xóchitl Hamada, pro wrestler; Japanese Mexican
  • Hiromi Hayakawa, singer; Japanese Mexican
  • Salma Hayek, actress and producer; Lebanese descent
  • Gilberto Hirata, state deputy; Japanese Mexican
  • Tomoki Kameda, undefeated Boxer; Japanese Mexican
  • Su Muy Key, actress and dancer; Chinese Mexican
  • Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje, revolutionary, scholar, agricultural scientist and historian; Indo-Mexican
  • Pablo Larios, goalkeeper; Japanese Mexican
  • Juan Manuel Ley, founder and chairman of Casa Ley; Chinese Mexican
  • Alejandro Gómez Maganda, politician and former governor of the state of Guerrero; Filipino Mexican
  • Eizi Matuda, botanist; Japanese Mexican
  • Lyn May, actress, exotic dancer and acrobat; Chinese Mexican
  • Patricia Castañeda Miyamoto, swimmer; Japanese Mexican
  • Daiwon Moon, martial artist; Korean Mexican
  • Kenya Mori, actress; Japanese Mexican
  • Noé Murayama, actor; Japanese Mexican
  • Úrsula Murayama, actress; Japanese Mexican
  • Fumiko Nakashima, artist; Japanese Mexican
  • Carlos Nakatani, artist; Japanese Mexican
  • Isidoro Montes de Oca, revolutionary general; Filipino Mexican
  • Ramón Fabié, revolutionary soldier; Filipino Mexican
  • Luis Pinzón, revolutionary soldier; Filipino Mexican
  • , revolutionary soldier; Filipino Mexican
  • Kiyoto Ota, sculptor; Japanese Mexican
  • Sanjaya Rajaram, agronomist; Indo-Mexican
  • M.N. Roy, nationalist revolutionary, radical activist and political theorist; Indo-Mexican
  • Catarina de San Juan, the China Poblana; Indo-Mexican
  • Sugi Sito, pro wrestler; Chinese Mexican
  • Romeo Villalva Tabuena, painter and printmaker; Filipino Mexican
  • Nancy Taira, actress; Japanese Mexican
  • Huang Yiguang, politician and aviator; Chinese Mexican

Nicaragua

  • Arlen Siu, martyr of the 1979 Sandinista revolution; Chinese Nicaraguan

Paraguay

Panama

Jorge Cham
  • Jorge Cham, web comic creator of Piled Higher and Deeper,Chinese Panamanian.[52]
  • Bruce Chen, pitcher for the Cleveland Indians, Chinese Panamanian. [53]
  • Roberto Chen, Panamanian footballer of Chinese descent
  • Marelissa Him, model, part Chinese on her father's side
  • Shey Ling Him Gordon, Panama's delegate to the Miss World 2007 competition, Chinese Panamanian. [54]
  • Sigrid Nunez, American writer (Chinese-Panamanian father, German mother)[55]
  • Mehr Eliezer - Winner of Señorita Panamá 2019, Indian Panamanian.

Peru

Alberto and Keiko Fujimori
  • Ernesto Arakaki, footballer; Japanese Peruvian
  • José Antonio Chang, former Prime Minister of Peru; Chinese Peruvian
  • Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru from 1990 to 2000; Japanese Peruvian
  • Keiko Fujimori, Congresswoman; Japanese Peruvian
  • Kenji Fujimori, Congressman; Japanese-Peruvian
  • Susana Higuchi, politician and engineer; Japanese Peruvian
  • Jorge Hirano, international football player; Japanese Peruvian
  • Fernando Iwasaki, writer and historian; Japanese Peruvian
  • Haruki Kanashiro, goalkeeper; Japanese Peruvian
  • Elena Keldibekova, volleyball player; Kazakh Peruvian
  • Humberto Lay, architect and cleric; Chinese Peruvian
  • Iván Miranda, tennis player; Chinese Peruvian
  • Aldo Miyashiro, artist; Japanese Peruvian
  • Augusto Miyashiro, engineer and politician; Japanese Peruvian
  • Kaoru Morioka, futsal player; Japanese Peruvian
  • José Pereda, retired footballer; Japanese Peruvian
  • Víctor Polay, one of the founders of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement; Chinese Peruvian
  • Venancio Shinki, painter; Japanese Peruvian
  • Hector Takayama, former footballer; Japanese Peruvian
  • Eduardo Tokeshi, artist; Japanese Peruvian
  • Tilsa Tsuchiya, artist; Japanese Peruvian
  • Edwin Vásquez, Olympic shooter; Chinese Peruvian
  • José Watanabe, poet; Japanese Peruvian
  • Víctor Joy Way, former Prime Minister of Peru; Chinese Peruvian
  • Alan Wong, chef; Chinese Peruvian
  • Erasmo Wong, businessman, owner of various retail chains; Chinese Peruvian
  • Patty Wong, model; Chinese Peruvian
  • Ricardo Wong, politician; Chinese Peruvian
  • Rafael Yamashiro, politician; Japanese Peruvian
  • César Ychikawa, vocalist; Japanese Peruvian
  • David Soria Yoshinari, footballer; Japanese Peruvian
  • Jaime Yoshiyama, politician; Japanese Peruvian
  • Carlos Yushimito, writer; Japanese Peruvian
  • Pedro Zulen, philosopher; Chinese Peruvian

Puerto Rico

Uruguay

  • Alberto Abdala, Former Vice-President of Uruguay; Lebanese Uruguayan
  • Barbara Mori, Uruguyan-born Mexican actress; Japanese and Lebanese descent

Venezuela

  • Fred Armisen, American actor, has Venezuelan roots on his mother and Japanese father's side part; Japanese Venezuelan
  • Alex Cabrera Suzuki, Venezuelan first baseman and right-handed batter who played in Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball; Japanese Venezuelan
  • Hana Kobayashi, singer; Japanese Venezuelan
  • Kamala Lopez, American actress, director, and political activist (born in New York City but raised in Venezuela); Indian Venezuelan
  • Naomi Soazo, Venezuelan judoka; Japanese Venezuelan
  • Henry Zakka, Venezuelan actor; Japanese Venezuelan
  • Tarek William Saab, Prosecutor General of Venezuela and former ombudsman; Lebanese Venezuelan
  • Tareck El Aissami, former Vice President of Venezuela; Lebanese Venezuelan
  • Elías Jaua, Minister of Education, former Foreign Minister and Vice President of Venezuela; Lebanese Venezuelan
  • Mariam Habach, Miss Venezuela 2015; Syrian descent

See also[]

Ethnic groups[]


Asian Latin American enclaves[]

  • Chinatowns in Latin America
  • Japantown
  • Koreatown

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Caracteristicas da População e dos Domicílios do Censo Demográfico 2010 – Cor ou raça" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
  2. ^ Japan, Brazil mark a century of settlement, family ties| The Japan Times Online
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "The Ranking of Ethnic Chinese Population". Overseas Community Affairs Council, Republic of China (Taiwan). Archived from the original on 23 November 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. p. 216.
  5. ^ https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/latin/peru/data.html
  6. ^ CIA World Factbook
  7. ^ "Han Chinese, Mandarin in Nicaragua".
  8. ^ https://archivo.crhoy.com/costa-rica-es-multirracial-ultimo-censo-lo-pone-en-evidencia/nacionales/
  9. ^ https://www.elheraldo.hn/pais/575489-214/29-mil-extranjeros-viven-el-sueno-hondureno
  10. ^ <https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cuba/>.
  11. ^ Japan, Brazil mark a century of settlement, family ties | The Japan Times Online
  12. ^ https://alertacontraelracismo.pe/articulos/esa-sutil-mirada-sobre-estereotipos-prejuicios-y-racismo-hacia-la-poblacion-asiatico
  13. ^ Meade, Teresa (2010). A History of Modern Latin America. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 141–142. ISBN 978-1-118-77248-5.
  14. ^ Lizcano Fernández, Francisco. "Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI" [Ethnic Composition of the Three Cultural Areas of the American Continent at the Beginning of the 21st Century] (PDF). Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (in Spanish). Toluca, México: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México: 194-195. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2013. En principio, se pueden distinguir dos grupos muy distintos al interior de esta etnia: el que procede de Asia occidental (sobre todo árabes cristianos llegados desde Siria y Líbano) y el que salió de Asia oriental (chinos y japoneses principalmente).
  15. ^ Lizcano Fernández, Francisco. "Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI" [Ethnic Composition of the Three Cultural Areas of the American Continent at the Beginning of the 21st Century] (PDF). Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (in Spanish). Toluca, México: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México: 194. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2013. La etnia asiática tiene su origen en los flujos migratorios que partieron de diversos países de Asia, os cuales fueron especialmente relevantes durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y la primera mitad del XX.
  16. ^ Bialogorski, Mirta (2005). "La comunidad coreana - Argentina - Logros de una inmigración reciente". Cuando Oriente llegó a América: Contribuciones de inmigrantes chinos, japoneses, y coreanos. Banco Interamericano De Desarrollo. pp. 275–296. ISBN 978-1-931003-73-5.
  17. ^ Park, Chae-soon (2007). "La emigración coreana en América Latina y sus perspectivas". Segundo Congreso del Consejo de Estudios Latinoamericanos de Asia y de Oceania (PDF). Seoul: Latin American Studies Association of Korea. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2008.
  18. ^ "Hmong's new lives in Caribbean". BBC News. 10 March 2004. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
  19. ^ Meade, Teresa (2016). A History of Modern Latin America 1800 to the Present. John Wiley & Sons. Inc. p. 141.
  20. ^ "Peruvian Culinary Culture: Chinese Influence". Taste of Peru. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b Lama, Abraham. Asian Times. Home is where the heartbreak is. 1999. 6 September 2006.<http://www.atimes.com/japan-econ/AJ16Dh01.html Archived 6 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine>.
  22. ^ https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/_jCnCQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PR18&dq=12,918+koreans+guatemala
  23. ^ Richard Gunde (27 January 2004). "Japanese Brazilian Return Migration and the Making of Japan's Newest Immigrant Minority". UCLA International Institute. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
  24. ^ "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau.
  25. ^ "B03002. HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE - Universe: TOTAL POPULATION". 2006 American Community Survey. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
  26. ^ "T4-2006. Hispanic or Latino By Race [15]". Data Set: 2006 Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
  27. ^ "LatinAsians in New York". Facebook. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  28. ^ "LatinAsians in CA". Facebook. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  29. ^ "LatinAsians in Bay Area". Facebook. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  30. ^ Singhvi, L. M. (2000). "Other Countries of Central and South America". Report of the High Level Committee on the Indian Diaspora (PDF). New Delhi: Ministry of External Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2017.; note all figures in this table given are the sum of those for Non-Resident Indians and for Persons of Indian Origin, which are tabulated separately in the original report
  31. ^ "Publicação do IBGE traz artigos, mapas e distribuição geográfica dos nikkeis no Brasil". Archived from the original on 22 December 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2009.
  32. ^ [1] Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Japon
  33. ^ 해외이주 통계 - 외교부
  34. ^ コロンビア基礎データ ｜ 外務省 [Republic of Colombia: Basic data]. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
  35. ^ https://archivo.crhoy.com/costa-rica-es-multirracial-ultimo-censo-lo-pone-en-evidencia/nacionales/
  36. ^ "Cuadro N° 1: Poblacion total. Por: zona y sexo. Segun: provincia y etnia" [Table No. 1: Total population. By: area and sex. By: province and ethnicity]. National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica (INEC) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (XLS) on 19 February 2009. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
  37. ^ https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6abc218.html#:~:text=Information%20on%20the%20Chinese%20community,1990%2C%20488%2C%20496).
  38. ^ Pérez, Sonia (15 May 2005). ""Sólo queremos igualdad": Comisionado presidencial contra la Discriminación y el Racismo". Prensa Libre. Archived from the original on 8 June 2005. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
  39. ^ https://www.elheraldo.hn/pais/575489-214/29-mil-extranjeros-viven-el-sueno-hondureno
  40. ^ "Extranjeros Residentes En México" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Migración. p. 38. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015. 2009 resident migrants from South, Southeast and East Asian countries other than those separately listed
  41. ^ "Han Chinese, Mandarin in Nicaragua".
  42. ^ "comunidad china Panama". Paisanito.com - Comunidad China en Panama - (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  43. ^ "Japan-Peru Relations (Basic Data)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. 23 January 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  44. ^ "Embajada del Japón en el Perú" [Embassy of Japan in Peru] (in Spanish). pe.emb-japan.go.jp. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  45. ^ "54,636 peruanos viven en todo Japón -Entrevista a Morimasa Goya" [54,636 Peruvians live throughout Japan - Interview with Goya Morimasa] (in Spanish). perushimpo.com. 24 November 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  46. ^ Palma, Hugo (12 March 2008). "Desafíos que nos acercan" [Challenges that bring us closer] (in Spanish). universia.edu.pe. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
  47. ^ Contreras, Santiago (23 July 2019). "Yokoi Kenji: Biografía, Filosofía, Enseñanza y Libros". Lifeder. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  48. ^ "La nueva vida del chino Paulo de MasterChef". Las2orillas (in Spanish). 3 May 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  49. ^ "Habla el palmirano que quedó en segundo lugar en Master Chef Colombia". www.elpais.com.co. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  50. ^ Mindeporte. "Mindeporte". www.mindeporte.gov.co (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  51. ^ "Sayaka Osorio ganó la primera medalla para Colombia en los Suramericanos". www.elcolombiano.com (in Spanish). 7 March 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  52. ^ "Piled Higher and Deeper". Phdcomics.com. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  53. ^ Arangure, Jorge (5 April 2006), "Chen Grew From Distinct Roots", Washington Post, retrieved 6 August 2007
  54. ^ Rodríguez, Gabriel (29 October 2007), "Con destino a Sanya", La Prensa, Panamá (in Spanish), retrieved 11 November 2007
  55. ^ "Sigrid Nunez". Themorningnews.org. Retrieved 17 August 2018.

Further reading[]

  • Affigne, Tony, and Pei-te Lien. "Peoples of Asian descent in the Americas: Theoretical implications of race and politics." Amerasia Journal 28.2 (2002): 1-27.
  • Avila-Tàpies, Rosalia, and Josefina Domínguez-Mujica. "Postcolonial migrations and diasporic linkages between Latin America and Japan and Spain." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 24.4 (2015): 487-511.
  • Chee Beng Tan, and Walton Look Lai, eds. The Chinese in Latin America and the Caribbean (2010) excerpt
  • Fu, Puo-An Wu. "Transpacific Subjectivities:" Chinese"--Latin American Literature after Empire." in Chinese America: History and Perspectives (2018): 13-20.
  • Hu-Dehart, Evelyn. "The Chinese of Peru, Cuba, and Mexico." in The Cambridge survey of world migration (1995): 220-222.
  • Hu-DeHart, Evelyn. "Coolies, Shopkeepers, Pioneers: The Chinese of Mexico and Peru (1849–1930)." Amerasia Journal 15.2 (1989): 91-116.
  • Hirabayashi, Lane Ryo, Akemi Kikumura-Yano, and James A. Hirabayashi, eds. New worlds, new lives: Globalization and people of Japanese descent in the Americas and from Latin America in Japan. Stanford University Press, 2002.
  • Hu-DeHart, Evelyn. "Latin America in Asia-Pacific Perspective Evelyn Hu-DeHart." Asian Diasporas: New Formations, New Conceptions (2007): 29+.
  • Jingsheng, Dong. "Chinese emigration to Mexico and the Sino-Mexico relations before 1910." Estudios Internacionales (2006): 75-88.
  • Kikuchi, Hirokazu. "The Representation of East Asia in Latin American Legislatures." Issues & Studies 53.01 (2017): 1740005. doi: 10.1142/S1013251117400057
  • Kim, Hahkyung. "Korean Immigrants’ Place in the Discourse of Mestizaje: A History of Race-Class Dynamics and Asian Immigration in Yucatán, Mexico." Revista Iberoamericana (2012).
  • Lee, Rachel. "Asian American cultural production in Asian-Pacific perspective." boundary 2 26.2 (1999): 231-254. online
  • Lim, Rachel. "Racial Transmittances: Hemispheric Viralities of Anti-Asian Racism and Resistance in Mexico." Journal of Asian American Studies 23.3 (2020): 441-457.
  • Masterson, Daniel M. The Japanese in Latin America. University of Illinois Press, 2004. 0252071441, 9780252071447.
  • Min, Man-Shik. "Far East Asian immigration into Latin America." Korea & world affairs 11.2 (1987): 331+
  • Pan, Lynn, ed. The encyclopedia of the Chinese overseas (Harvard UP, 1998). pp 248–2630.
  • Rivas, Zelideth María. "Literary and Cultural Representations of Asians in Latin America and the Caribbean." in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Literature (2019).
  • Romero, Robert Chao, and Kevin Escudero. "“Asian Latinos” and the US Census." AAPI Nexus: Policy, Practice and Community 10, no. 2 (2012): 119-138. online
  • Seijas, Tatiana. "Asian migrations to Latin America in the Pacific World, 16th–19th centuries." History Compass 14.12 (2016): 573-581. online
  • Tigner, James L. "Japanese immigration into Latin America: a survey." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 23.4 (1981): 457-482.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""