Augustus Jackson
Augustus Jackson (April 16, 1808 – January 11, 1852) was an African-American ice cream maker and confectioner from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Jackson served as a chef in the White House during the 1820s.
Career[]
An article in Capper's Weekly, around 1928, attributed Jackson as the first to make modern ice cream.[1] He was neither the inventor nor the first to serve ice cream, but has been referred to as the "father of ice cream," primarily because he pioneered some of its modern manufacturing methods, namely the practice of adding salt to the ice.[2] Additionally, Jackson developed techniques to control the custard while it was freezing.[3] There is no evidence that Jackson patented any of his recipes or techniques.[4][5]
After leaving the White House in the late 1820s, Jackson moved to Philadelphia and created his own successful catering business. He also developed ice cream flavors which he packaged in tin cans and distributed to other ice cream parlors in Philadelphia. Jackson became one of the city's wealthiest residents at the time. Augustus Jackson died January 11, 1852.
Bibliography[]
Inline references[]
- ^ Boston Globe (June 1, 1928). "Made First Ice Cream". Vol. 113, no. 153. p. 17. Retrieved February 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com..
- ^ Schockett, Joni (July 17, 2008). "You scream, I scream, it's July,eee National Ice Cream Month". Washington Jewish Week.
- ^ Smith, Jessie Carney (2013). Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events (3rd ed.). Detroit: Visible Ink Press. p. 608. ISBN 978-1-5785-9369-9. OCLC 826299100.
- ^ Anonymous (Feb 14, 2012). "Famous Black Chefs". Philadelphia Tribune.
- ^ Philadelphia Inquirer; Panaritis, Maria (August 4, 2019). "The Long Lost Father of Ice Cream". p. B3. Retrieved February 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com..
General references[]
- Lowe, Cliff (2004). "The History of Ice Cream, How to Make Ice Cream at Home – Ice Cream Makers Past & Present". The Ice Cream Man – via Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
- Stradley, Linda. "History of Ices & Ice Cream", . (2004)
Further reading[]
- Miller, Adrian (2017). The President's Kitchen Cabinet: The Story of the African Americans Who Have Fed Our First Families, from the Washingtons to the Obamas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-1-4696-3253-7.
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- 1808 births
- 1852 deaths
- Confectioners
- Businesspeople from Philadelphia
- White House Executive Chefs
- Ice cream
- 19th-century American businesspeople
- American business biography, 19th-century birth stubs