Auricularia
| Auricularia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Auricularia auricula-judae | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi
|
| Division: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | Auricularia Bull. ex Juss. (1789)
|
| Type species | |
(Dicks.) Pers. (1822)
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| Species | |
|
about 30 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Auricularia is a genus of jelly fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Preliminary phylogenetic studies suggest the Exidiaceae is closely related to Auriculariaceae – the two share many morphological traits.[2] Fruitbody either resupinate or pileate and then either ear-to shell-shaped or forming narrow, imbricate brackets, flabby elastic or tough gelatinous; hymenial surface smooth, wrinkled or veined, often purplish. Basidia cylindrical, with 1–3 transverse septa. Spores narrowly ellipsoid to allantoid, hyaline, smooth.[2] Most Auricularia species are edible and are grown commercially. Auricularia species are widely distributed in Kerala's Western Ghats, and recently, Auricularia auricula-judae, A. polytricha, and A. mesenterica have been reported.[2]
Classification[]
Lowy, in 1951, described a key to the species of Auricularia that emphasized the internal structure of the fruit body, while de-emphasizing traditional characteristics such as color, shape, and size, which he considered to be too variable and dependent upon such factors as the age of the specimen, exposure to light, or availability of moisture.[3] The characteristics he emphasized were the presence or absence, width and morphology of the medulla (the part composed mainly or entirely of longitudinal hyphae), and the length of the abhymenial hairs, features that are currently used in defining species in this genus.[4]
Species[]
As of May 2015, Index Fungorum lists 28 species of Auricularia:[5]
- (Romell) Rick 1958
- Parmasto & I.Parmasto ex Audet, Boulet & Sirard 2003
- A. auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. 1886
- Ehrenb. 1820
- (Mont.) Henn. 1893
- Lloyd 1919
- (Berk. & Cooke) Kobayasi 1981
- Kobayasi 1973
- A. fuscosuccinea (Mont.) Henn. 1893
- Beeli 1926
- L.J.Li 1987
- F.Wu, B.K.Cui & Y.C.Dai 2014
- Iwade 1944
- (Berk.) Farl. 1905
- Kobayasi 1973
- Massee 1914
- (Dicks.) Pers. 1822
- Kobayasi 1981
- A. nigricans (Fr.) Birkebak, Looney & Sánchez-García 2013
- Lloyd 1922
- Burt 1921
- Looney, Birkebak & Matheny 2013
- Kobayasi 1942
- Ces. 1879
- Lloyd 1922
- Looney, Birkebak & Matheny 2013
- (Lév.) Farl. 1905
- Bandara & K.D.Hyde 2015[6]
- Malysheva 2014
- (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Farl. 1905
- L.J.Li 1985
References[]
- ^ "Auricularia Bull. ex Juss. 1789". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Mohanan C. (2011). Macrofungi of Kerala. Kerala, India: Kerala Forest Research Institute. p. 597. ISBN 81-85041-73-3.
- ^ Lowy B. (1951). "A morphological basis for classifying the species of Auricularia". Mycologia. 43 (3): 351–8. doi:10.2307/3755598. JSTOR 3755598.
- ^ Wong GJ, Wells K (1987). "Comparative morphology, compatibility, and infertility of Auricularia cornea, A. polytricha, and A. tenuis". Mycologia. 79 (6): 847–56. doi:10.2307/3807686. JSTOR 3807686.
- ^ Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 18th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2015-05-28.
- ^ Bandara AR, Chen J, Karunarathna K, Hyde KD, Kakumyan P (2015). "Auricularia thailandica sp. nov. (Auriculariaceae, Auriculariales) a widely distributed species from Southeastern Asia". Phytotaxa. 208 (2): 147–156. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.208.2.3.
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