This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-boundglycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrateUDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminalhydrophobicsignal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The enzyme encoded by this gene synthesizes N-acetyllactosamine in glycolipids and glycoproteins. Its substratespecificity is affected by alpha-lactalbumin but it is not expressed in lactating mammary tissue. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.[7]
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