Barbara E. Crawford

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Barbara Elizabeth Crawford

OBE FRSE FSA FSA(Scot)
Born
Yorkshire
Other namesHall
Occupationhonorary Reader in mediaeval history St Andrew's University and honorary professor at the University of the Highlands and Islands
Known forMediaeval history of the Northern Isles and Scotland -Norway and North Sea relationships
AwardsMember of the Norwegian Academy

Barbara Elizabeth Crawford MA PhD OBE FRSE FSA FSA(Scot) is a leading authority on the mediaeval history of the Northern Isles of Scotland and Norwegian-Scottish 'frontier' and relations across the North Sea.[1] She is honorary Reader in Mediaeval History at the University of St. Andrews, and honorary professor at the University of the Highlands and Islands. She was awarded an OBE for services to History and Archaeology in 2011.[2] She became a Member of the Norwegian Academy in 1997 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2001.[3]

Crawford is also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London from 1964 and the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland since1974.[2] She has studied place names in the Norse and Celtic 'border' in Northern Scotland; the cult of St Clement in England, Scotland and Scandinavia and excavations and reconstructions on Papa Stour, working with Scottish, Polish and Scandinavian collaborators, as well as a wide range of mediaeval northern history.[4]

Summary[]

Barbara Elizabeth Crawford or Hall[citation needed] was born in Yorkshire.[2] She completed her PhD at St Andrew's in 1971 as a result of seven years of research work, titled'The Earls of Orkney-Caithness and their relations with Norway and Scotland:1158-1470.[5] [4] She taught at St Andrews for thirty years, took early retirement in 2001, but continued her research and organising academic collaborations from her home, in Fife and now in Orkney.[2] Her Scandinavian Scotland published in 1987[6] has been described as 'the best monograph by far' on the topic.[7] The books she edited from the fifth 'Dark Age' conference she had organised at St. Andrews University, about the Papar and the royal Norwegian farm project 'Papa Stour and 1299' (referring to 700 years since Shetland's first document)[4] got favourable reviews in 2003.[8] She also carried out a study of many churches dedicated to St. Clement in Scandinavia and Britain,[9] two of which (Clementhorpe and Pontefract Castle) feature in an essay, published in 2008.[10]

She has produced informal commentary on the survival of mediaeval church architecture,[11] and about documents written in Scots from the period.[12] Her chapter on St Clement's churches in Myth, Rulership, Church and Charters, was an essay in honour of fellow mediaeval historian Nicholas Brooks. [10] In 2016 Crawford was a keynote speaker on 'Seals in Medieval Orkney, Communal and Personal Identity' at 'Visualising the North' 3rd International St. Magnus Conference, [13] having analysed the symbolism and meanings in detail, as discussed in Grohse's book the following year.[1]

Selected publications[]

Selected by the University of St. Andrews and citation available if not otherwise shown[3]

  • Bates, C. R., Bates, M. R., Crawford, B., Sanmark, A., & Whittaker, J. (2020). 'The Norse waterways of West Mainland Orkney, Scotland.' Journal of Wetland Archaeology, Latest Articles. [14]
  • Crawford, B. E. (2007). Viking empires. Scottish Historical Review, 86, 128-131.
  • Crawford, B. (2006). 'Land sea and home: Proceedings of a conference on Viking period settlement.' International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 35, 163-165.
  • Crawford, B. (2006). 'Viking pirates and Christian princes: Dynasty, religion, and empire in the North Atlantic'. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 35, 164-165.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2006). 'The Cult of Clement in Denmark'. Historie (Jysk Selskab for Historie), 2006(2), 235-282.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2006). 'Houseby, Harray and Knarston in the West Mainland of Orkney. Toponymic indicators of administrative authority?' In P. Gammeltoft, & B. Jorgensen (Eds.), Names through the looking glass: Festschrift in honour of (pp. 21-44). C A Reitzels Forlag A/S.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2006). 'Kongemakt og jarlemakt, stedsnavn som bevis? Betydningen av Houseby, Harray og sta∂irnavn  på Orknøyenes West Mainland.' Viking. Norsk arkeologisk årbok, 69, 195-214.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2005). 'The northern world. The history and heritage of northern Europe AD 400-1100.' Scottish Historical Review, 84, 267-269.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2005). 'Norwegian history.' Scottish Historical Review, 84, 106-108.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2005). 'The Govan Hogbacks and the Multi-Cultural Society of Tenth-century Scotland.' Old Govan Lecture Series, 3, 1-30.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2004). 'The new history of Orkney'. Agricultural History Review, 52, 109-110.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2003). 'The Bishopric of Orkney'. In S. Imsen (Ed.), Ecclesia Nidrosiensis 1153-1537: Søkelys på Nidaroskirkens og Nidarosprovinsens historie (pp. 143-157). Tapir Akademisk Forlag.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2003). 'The Vikings'. In W. Davies (Ed.), From the Vikings to the Normans (pp. 40-71). Oxford University Press.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2001). "Spes Scotorum" (Hope of Scots): Saint Columba, Iona and Scotland. Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 52, 709-711.
  • Crawford, B. E. (2001). 'Alba: Celtic Scotland in the medieval era'. English Historical Review, 116, 169-170.
  • Crawford, B. E., & Ballin Smith, B. (1999). 'The Biggings , Papa Stour, Shetland: The History and Excavation of a royal Norwegian Farm.'
  • Crawford, B. E. (1999). 'The dedication to St Clement at Rodil, Harris'. In BE. Crawford (Ed.), Church, Chronicle and Learning in Mediaeval and Early Renaissance Scotland (pp. 109-122). Mercat Press.
  • Crawford, B. E. (1998). 'Conversion and Christianity in the North Sea World.'[15]
  • Crawford, B. E. (1998). 'St Magnus and St Rognvald - the two Orkney Saints'. Records of the Scottish Church History Society, 28, 23-38.

In 2013, Crawford won a Carnegie Trust grant to study The Northern Earldoms. Orkney and Caithness from 870-1470 AD[16]

A Festschrift in her honour was held in 2007:

  • Smith (Beverley Ballin) (ed.), Taylor (Simon) (ed.), Williams (Gareth) (ed.): West over sea: studies in Scandinavian sea-borne expansion and settlement before 1300. A Festschrift in honour of Dr. Barbara E. Crawford / edited by Beverly Ballin Smith, Simon Taylor and Gareth Williams. NW, 31. Turnhout: Brill, 2007. xxix + 581 pp. (The northern world, 31). Illus. tabs. pp. xxv-xxix: A bibliography of the published works of Barbara E. Crawford, to the end of 2006.

See also and further reading[]

  • Diarmait of Iona - which refers to Barbara Crawford (ed) Scotland in Dark Age Britain, (Aberdeen, 1996).
  • Papar - further reading in Barbara Crawford (ed)The Papar in the North Atlantic: Environment and History – The Proceeding of a Day Conference. University of St. Andrews Committee for Dark Age Studies, 2002

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Grohse, Ian Peter (2017). Frontiers for peace in the medieval North : the Norwegian-Scottish frontier c. 1260-1470. Leiden: Brill. pp. 18, 197. ISBN 978-90-04-34365-8. OCLC 973222776.CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Barbara Crawford | Birlinn Ltd - Independent Scottish Publisher - buy books online". Birlinn Ltd. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b "Barbara Elizabeth Crawford - Research publications - University of St Andrews". risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Staff - Prof Barbara Crawford MA, PhD, FRSE, FSA, FSA Scot". www.uhi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  5. ^ Crawford, Barbara (1971). The earls of Orkney-Caithness and their relations with Norway and Scotland, 1158-1470 (Thesis thesis). University of St Andrews.
  6. ^ Crawford, B.E. (1987). Scandinavian Scotland. Leicester: Leicester University Press.
  7. ^ A history of everyday life in medieval Scotland, 1000 to 1600. Edward J. Cowan, Lizanne Henderson. Edinburgh. 2011. p. 292. ISBN 978-0-7486-2950-3. OCLC 755008610.CS1 maint: others (link)
  8. ^ Thomson, William P.L. (2003-05-01). "Barbara E. Crawford (ed.), The Papar in the North Atlantic: Environment and History and Barbara E. Crawford (ed.), Papa Stour and 1299". Northern Scotland. 23 (First Series) (1): 117–120. doi:10.3366/nor.2003.0007. ISSN 0306-5278.
  9. ^ Hall, Mark A. (June 2010). "Barbara E. Crawford. The churches dedicated to St Clement in medieval England: a hagio-geography of the seafarer's saint in 11th century North Europe. (Scripta Ecclesiastica 1, supplementary series of Scrinium, Revue de Patrologie, d'Hagiographie et d'Histoire ecclésiastique). xvi+237pages, 44 b&w illustrations. 2008. St Petersburg: Axiõma; 978-5-901410-67-7 hardback £45". Antiquity. 84 (324): 587–588. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00066953. ISSN 0003-598X.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b Myth, rulership, church and charters : essays in honour of Nicholas Brooks. Julia Barrow, Andrew Wareham, Nicholas Brooks. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. 2008. p. 189. ISBN 978-0-7546-5120-8. OCLC 85485172.CS1 maint: others (link)
  11. ^ "Blogs & Exhibitions - Mimir's Well - The Remarkable Survival of Medieval Churches in Orkney". www.uhi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  12. ^ "Blogs & Exhibitions - Mimir's Well - HIRDMEN AND HANDSEL". www.uhi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  13. ^ 3rd International St. Magnus Conference: Visualising the North - 14-16 April 2016 - Conference Programme (PDF). Orkney: UHI. 2016. pp. 8, 17.
  14. ^ Bates, C. Richard; Bates, Martin R.; Crawford, Barbara; Sanmark, Alexandra; Whittaker, John (2020-07-02). "The Norse Waterways of West Mainland Orkney, Scotland". Journal of Wetland Archaeology. 20 (1–2): 25–42. doi:10.1080/14732971.2020.1800281. ISSN 1473-2971.
  15. ^ Conversion and christianity in the North Sea World : the proceedings of a day conference held on 21st February 1998. B. E. Crawford. St. Andrews, Scotland: Committee for Dark Age Studies, University of St. Andrews. 1998. ISBN 978-0-9512573-3-3. OCLC 41714375.CS1 maint: others (link)
  16. ^ "The Northern Earldoms. Orkney and Caithness from 870-1470 AD - University of St Andrews". risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
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