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Battle of Delhi (1737)

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For other uses, see Battle of Delhi (disambiguation).

Battle of Delhi
Part of Later Mughal-Maratha Wars (1728–1763)
Date28 March 1737
Location
Talkatora
Result Maratha Empire Victory
Belligerents
Flag of the Maratha Empire.png Maratha Empire Flag of the Mughal Empire.png Mughal Empire
Commanders and leaders
Baji Rao I
Malhar Rao Holkar
Vithoji Bule		 Mir Hasan Khan Koka[1]
Strength
50,000 Cavalry[2] 8,000 soldiers[2][3]

The battle took place on 28 March 1737 between the Marathas and the Mughal Empire at Talkatora near Delhi.[4][5][6] It was part of the Later Mughal-Maratha Wars (1728–1763).

Background

On 12 November 1736, the Maratha general Bajirao advanced on Old Delhi to attack the Mughal capital. Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah sent Saadat Ali Khan I with a 150,000-strong army to stop the Maratha advance on Delhi.[7] But Bajirao's subordinate chiefs Malhar Rao Holkar and Pilaji Jadhav crossed the river Yamuna and looted Ganga-Yamuna Doab, Saadat Khan defeated the maratha forces under Malhar Rao and retired to Mathura.[8] Bajirao's army advanced to Delhi and encamped near Talkatora.[9]

Battle

Muhammad Shah sent Mir Hasan Khan Koka with an army to intercept Bajirao. The Mughals led an attack on Maratha army but were repulsed with heavy losses.[10]

Aftermath

The battle signified the further expansion of the Maratha Empire towards the north. Muhammad Shah called upon the Nizam's and Nawab's armies to destroy the Maratha Army.[11][12] The Nizam of Hyderabad and the Nawab of Bhopal left Hyderabad to protect the Mughal Empire from the invasion of the Marathas, but they were defeated decisively in the Battle of Bhopal (24 December 1737).[13][4] The Marathas extracted large tributaries from the Mughals, and signed a treaty which ceded Malwa to the Marathas.[4]

The Maratha plunder weakened the Mughal Empire, which got further weakened after successive invasions of Nadir Shah in 1739 and Ahmad Shah Abdali in the 1750s. The continuous attacks led the Marathas to wage another Battle of Delhi in 1757 against the Rohillas who were pushed out, which largely effaced the remaining central authority of the Mughal Empire.[14][need quotation to verify]

See also

References

  1. ^ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1 January 2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-1-932705-54-6.
  2. ^ a b Dighe, V. G. (1944). Peshwa Bajirao I and Maratha expansion. p. 136.
  3. ^ Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707–1803) Pg.117
  4. ^ a b c Sen, Sailendra Nath (2010). An Advanced History of Modern India. Macmillan India. ISBN 978-0-230-32885-3.
  5. ^ Tucker, Spencer C. (23 December 2009). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East - 6 volumes: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. ABC-CLIO. p. 732. ISBN 978-1-85109-672-5.
  6. ^ Bowman, John (2000). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. Columbia University Press. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-231-11004-4.
  7. ^ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (January 2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813. ISBN 978-1-932705-54-6.
  8. ^ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (January 2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813. ISBN 978-1-932705-54-6.
  9. ^ Smith, R. V. (20 February 2017). "Talkatora's vicissitudes of fortune". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  10. ^ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (January 2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813. ISBN 978-1-932705-54-6.
  11. ^ Jayapalan, N. (2001). History of India. ISBN 9788171569281.
  12. ^ Sen, Sailendra Nath (2010). An Advanced History of Modern India. ISBN 978-0-230-32885-3.
  13. ^ Sen, S. N. (2006). History Modern India. New Age International. ISBN 978-81-224-1774-6.
  14. ^ Robinson, Howard; James Thomson Shotwell (1922). "Mogul Empire and the Marathas". The Development of the British Empire. Houghton Mifflin. p. 106–132.
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