Brańsk

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Brańsk
Catholic Church in Brańsk
Catholic Church in Brańsk
Coat of arms of Brańsk
Location within Bielsk County
Location within Bielsk County
Brańsk is located in Poland
Brańsk
Brańsk
Location within Poland
Coordinates: 52°45′N 22°50′E / 52.750°N 22.833°E / 52.750; 22.833
Country Poland
VoivodeshipPodlaskie
CountyBielsk
GminaBrańsk (urban gmina)
Town rights18 January 1493
Government
 • MayorCzesław Sokołowski
Area
 • Total32.43 km2 (12.52 sq mi)
Population
 (2007)
 • Total3,822
 • Density120/km2 (310/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
17-120
Area code(s)+48 085
Car platesBBI
Websitehttp://www.bransk.podlaskie.pl

Brańsk [braɲsk] (Belarusian: Бранск, Lithuanian: Branskas) is a town in northeastern Poland. It is situated within Podlaskie Voivodeship (province).

Etymology[]

The name of the town comes from the river Bronka, a nearby tributary of the Nurzec River.

Geography[]

Location[]

Brańsk is located in the geographical region of Europe known as the Wysoczyzny Podlasko – Bialoruskie (English: Podlaskie and Belarus Plateau) and the mesoregion known as the Bielsk Plain (Polish: Równinę Bielską). The Nurzec River, a tributary of the Bug River, passes through Brańsk. The town covers an area of 32.43 square kilometres (12.5 sq mi).

It is located approximately:

Climate[]

The region has a continental climate characterized by high temperatures during summer and long and frosty winters . The average amount of rainfall during the year exceeds 550 millimetres (21.7 in).

History[]

Specific historical events in Brańsk[]

13th century[]

On 23 June 1264 two armies met near Brańsk. The Battle of Brańsk lasted two days pitting the forces of Yotvingia, led by Komata (Kumata) against the well equipped Krakovian army led by the Duke of Krakow, Boleslaw V the Chaste.

15th century[]

On 18 January 1493, Brańsk received a city charter based on Magdeburg rights from the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Alexander Jagiellon. It was the first city in Podlachia to receive such a charter.

Bránsk 1804

18th century[]

In 1795, as a result of the Third Partition of Poland, Brańsk was annexed to the Kingdom of Prussia and administered as a part of the Białystok Department.

19th century[]

In 1807, as a result of the Treaties of Tilsit, Brańsk was annexed to the Russian Empire and administered at first as a part of Belostok Oblast and from 1842 on as a part of Grodno Governorate.

20th century[]

On September 1, 1939, Germany attacked Poland and quickly overwhelmed it. Within days of the war's beginning, Brańsk suffered German bombardment. On September 17, 1939, the USSR attacked eastern Poland, and in partnership with Nazi Germany, partitioned Poland under the terms of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact of August 23. Brańsk along with all areas of Poland east of the Bug River was then occupied by the Soviet Union. All Polish and Jewish businesses of substance were confiscated by the Communist State. The Soviets remained in control of Brańsk until June 1941 when the Germans invaded their erstwhile Soviet allies. The German Army occupied the town and ordered the Jewish community to build a ghetto surrounded by barbed wire, to which the Jewish population (some 65% of the town) was confined. On November 8, 1942, the Jews of Brańsk were ordered to report to the town center, forced to march to the nearby town of Bielsk, and then transported by train to Treblinka. Within weeks, the vast majority were murdered by gassing at the Treblinka extermination camp.[1][2]

Demographics[]

Population[]

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 3.739 people, among whom 1.474 were Roman Catholic, 100 Orthodox, and 2.165 Mosaic. At the same time, 1.530 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, 32 Belarusian, 2.165 Jewish and 12 Russian. There were 493 residential buildings in the village.[3]

Detailed data as of 31 December 2007:[4]

  Total Women Men
Unit Number % Number % Number %
Population 3,822 100 1,944 50.9 1,878 49.1
Population Density
(persons/km²)
117.9 56.9 57.9

Municipal government[]

It is the seat of Gmina Brańsk, but is not part of Gmina Brańsk.

Executive branch[]

The chief executive of the government is the Mayor (Polish: Burmistrz).

Legislative branch[]

The legislative portion of the government is the Council (Polish: Rada) composed of the (Polish: Przewodniczšcy), the (Polish: Wiceprzewodniczšcy) and thirteen councilors.

Neighbouring political subdivisions[]

Brańsk is bordered by Gminy Rudka and Brańsk.

Transport[]

Roads and highways[]

Brańsk is at the intersection of a National Road and a Voivodeship Road:

Streets[]

The major streets (Polish: Ulica) in Brańsk are:

  • Rynek
  • Armii Krajowej (National Road )
  • Bielska
  • Binduga
  • Boćkowska
  • Błonie
  • Jagiellońska
  • Jana Pawła II (Voivodeship Road )
  • Kapicy Milewskiego
  • Kasztanowa
  • Klonowa
  • Konopnickiej
  • Kościelna
  • Kościuszki (Voivodeship Road )
  • Mickiewicza
  • Piłsudskiego
  • Poniatowskiego
  • Senatorska
  • Sienkiewicza
  • Skłodowskiej-Curie
  • Szkolna
  • Słowackiego
  • Witosa
  • Wyszyńskiego
  • Ściegiennego

Public transport[]

Bus service[]

Regular bus service is provided by Państwowa Komunikacja Samochodowa (State Car Communication, PKS) via PKS Bielsk Podlaskie, PKS Białystok and PKS Siemiatycze

Rail service[]

The closest passenger train service is provided by Polskie Koleje Państwowe (Polish State Railways, PKP) SA from the following stations:

Economy[]

The land-use is as follows:[5]

  • Agricultural use: 66%
  • Forest land: 27%
  • City: 2.34%

Major business[]

Local attractions[]

Places of worship[]

Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary - Roman Catholic[]

St. Simeon Stylites - Polish Orthodox[]

  • Mission church of Church of the Apostles St. Peter and Paul in Malesze[7]
  • Part of the

Nearby attractions[]

  • (Our Lady of Hodyszewo Sanctuary) in Hodyzewo - 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northwest
  • in Rudka - 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west

Notable people[]

  • Jan Klemens Branicki – Polish nobleman
  • Cezary Kosiński – Polish actor
  • – archivist and author
  • Shimon Shkop – Jewish scholar and rabbi (1906–1920)
  • Moshe Rosen (Nezer HaKodesh) - Jewish scholar and rabbi (1870–1957)
  • – Recipient of the Righteous among the Nations Medal
  • – posthumous recipients of the Righteous among the Nations Medal
  • – posthumous recipient of the Righteous among the Nations Medal
  • – posthumous recipient of the Righteous among the Nations Medal

Miscellanea[]

  • The Righteous among the Nations Medal has been granted to 14 current and former residents of Brańsk by Yad Vashem.[8]

External links[]

References[]

  1. ^ Eva Hoffman. Shtetl: The Life and Death of a Small Town and the World of Polish Jews. Houghton Mifflin, 1997.
  2. ^ Zbigniew Romaniuk. The Story of Two Shtetls: Brańsk and Ejszyszki, Part One. The Polish Educational Foundation in North America, 1998.
  3. ^ Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej: opracowany na podstawie wyników pierwszego powszechnego spisu ludności z dn. 30 września 1921 r. i innych źródeł urzędowych., t. T. 5, województwo białostockie, 1924, s. 14.
  4. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) Population: Size and Structure by Administrative Division" (in Polish). 2007-12-31. Archived from the original on 2008-05-05.
  5. ^ "Strona Urzędu Miasta Brańsk - Brańsk Government Website" (in Polish). 2008-06-25.
  6. ^ "Parafia Wniebowzięcia Nmp w Brańsku" (in Polish). 2008-08-16.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ "Dekanat Bielsk Podlaski" (in Polish). 2008-08-16. Archived from the original on 2002-10-28.
  8. ^ "Another Pole added to Righteous among the Nations - Polskie Radio". 2008-06-23.


Coordinates: 52°44′N 22°51′E / 52.733°N 22.850°E / 52.733; 22.850

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