Bridges in New Zealand

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The historic Arahura River road/rail bridge on the West Coast of the South Island. It was replaced with a new bridge with separate road and rail sections in 2009.

The bridges in New Zealand are many and varied but only date back to the beginning of European settlement in the mid 19th century.

Road bridges[]

In 2011 there were 4,024 bridges on State Highways, with a total length of 142 km (88 mi) (1.3% of SH length). There were 13,726 232 km (144 mi) of bridges in urban areas, also forming 1.3% of their length. 7,567 of them were single lane bridges. The 120 bridges on special-purpose roads formed only 3.7 km (2.3 mi), or 0.7% of their length. The carbon footprint of the bridges was estimated to be 37.5 times that of their roads.[1]

Some of the longest bridges on the state highway network are:[2]

Single lane bridges[]

New Zealand, due to its low traffic density, has had many single lane bridges. Some of those still exist on the state highway network and are criticised by road users.[3] These are progressively replaced with two lane structures. The oldest and one of the longest single lane bridge on the state highway network until December 2011 was the 463-metre Kopu Bridge spanning the Waihou River,[4] this was replaced by a 580-metre, 2 lane structure, which opened to traffic on 12 December 2011.[5]

Viaducts[]

Rail bridges[]

See also: Rail transport in New Zealand

There are 1,787 bridges on the rail network in New Zealand which are maintained by KiwiRail, the infrastructure arm of the New Zealand Railways Corporation, though a 2011 study said there were 1,636 bridges, with a total length of 63.8 km (39.6 mi).[1]

Road/rail bridges[]

There are two bridges on the State Highway on West Coast that have rail lines on the road carriageway. Until 2008 the Awatere River bridge had a rail line above the road way. A new road bridge has been constructed with the railway now being the sole use of the original bridge.

Two bridges on now-closed sections of the East Coast Main Trunk line are still in use by road-traffic only. The single deck Pekatahi Bridge, which spans the Whakatane River near Taneatua carries State Highway Two and it used to carry the mothballed rails of the ECMT the tracks were removed in 2019. The rare double-deck road-rail bridge at Karangahake Gorge, which crosses the Ohinemuri River, still carries a local road on the lower level, whilst on the upper level, the railway has been replaced by a walkway.


Footbridges[]

A tramper crossing a swingbridge over a remote river in the South Island.

Since there are numerous large rivers in New Zealand many footbridges have been constructed in the backcountry. During the 1950s many bridges were built, along with backcountry huts, to give hunters access to forested areas to cull introduced deer which had by that stage become a serious pest. Some of the bridges still remain but other have been washed away or replaced with new ones and are now often used due to the popularity of tramping (hiking).

Notable bridges[]

See also: List of bridges in New Zealand
  • The Auckland Harbour Bridge spans the Waitemata Harbour in the largest city in New Zealand.
  • The Bridge to Nowhere is a concrete road bridge spanning the Mangapurua Stream in Whanganui National Park. It has no roads leading to it, but it is a popular tourist attraction, accessible by boat or kayak. It was built in a failed attempt to open up a remote forested area for farming.

Bridge disasters and incidents[]

On April 30, during the 1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute a rail bridge was blown up near Huntly. The train drivers were warned in advance and the bombing severely disrupted coal supplies.[6]

Tangiwai disaster[]

The Tangiwai disaster on 24 December 1953, was the worst rail accident in New Zealand. The rail bridge over the Whangaehu river at Tangiwai had been badly damaged by a lahar from Mount Ruapehu just minutes before a passenger train was due to cross it. 151 of the 285 passengers aboard the train were killed.

The Berrymans' bridge[]

In 1986 the New Zealand Army built the Te Rata Bridge as a training exercise on a private farm owned by the Berryman family. In 1994 a beekeeper visiting the farm was killed when the bridge collapsed as he drove over it. The incident caused a series of high-profile court cases.[7]

Waiho Bridge[]

On 26 March 2019, the Waiho Bridge near Franz Josef Glacier collapsed, following near record levels of rain.[8] It was rebuilt and reopened 18 days later on 13 April 2019.[9]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b N Mithraratne (December 2011). "Lifetime liabilities of land transport using road and rail infrastructure" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2010-01-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) FAQs
  3. ^ "2009 Customer Survey Results State Highways". Blenheim: Marlborough Roads. 2009. Archived from the original on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 18 February 2010.
  4. ^ "Kopu Bridge replacement" (PDF). Wellington: New Zealand Transport Agency. pp. Page 2. Retrieved 18 February 2010.
  5. ^ "Opening of Kopu bridge is 'best Christmas present'". Television New Zealand. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  6. ^ New Zealand History online - Division and defeat - 1951 waterfront dispute
  7. ^ Berrymans' bridge timeline
  8. ^ "Astonishing footage captures bridge collapse in Franz Josef as wild weather batters West Coast". 26 March 2019.
  9. ^ "Vital Waiho River bridge reopens, reconnecting a recovering West Coast". 13 April 2019.
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