British football clubs tours to South America

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British football clubs tours
to South America
Date1904–1929
Duration25 years
VenueVarious
LocationArgentina
Uruguay
Brazil
TypeExhibition games
ThemeAssociation football
First reporter26 Jun 1904
Participants12 British clubs plus several South American sides

British football clubs tours over South America contributed to the spread and develop of football in the region during the first years of the 20th century. The first club to tour on the region was Southampton F.C. in 1904, followed by several teams (mainly from England although some Scottish clubs also visited South America) until 1929 with Chelsea F.C. being the last team to tour.

During those 25 years of tours, British teams' performances were decreasing while the South American squads' style of playing improved. Indeed, Southampton won all of their matches in 1904 with 40 goals scored in 1904 while Chelsea was defeated eight times (over 16 games played) in their 1929 tour.[1]

Background[]

Further information: Football in Argentina, Football in Uruguay, and Football in Brazil

Football (and other British-origin sports like rugby union) were gaining popularity in Argentina and Uruguay and the associations brought foreign teams to their countries as a way of encourage the practise of the sport among the large number of enthusiasts.[2] In fact, Argentine Primera División was the first football league outside of the British Isles,[3] having been held since 1891 to the present.

British teams were considered the best in the world by then, and some of them served as inspiration to establish football clubs in Argentina and Uruguay, helped by the immigration of British citizens that had arrived to worked for British companies (mostly in railway construction). CURCC (in Uruguay), Belgrano A.C., Rosario A.C., Alumni and Quilmes (in Argentina) are some examples of clubs established by British immigrants to South America.[2][4]

Football had been introduced many years ago in both countries, being the first game played in Argentina on June 20, 1867,[5] with the establishment of Buenos Aires Football Club, the first football club not only in Argentina but in South America.[2][6] In Uruguay, football had been introduced in 1870. Argentina organised its first league championship, Primera División, in 1891 while its Uruguayan homonymous held its first championship in 1900.

Both countries considered themselves rivals due to their proximity. Moreover, they had the only organised bodies in South America and had held some earlier competitions such as Tie Cup (1900) or Copa de Honor Cousenier (1905), played by champions of each association.

In some cases, the influence of British clubs on Argentine football extended to the colours adopted by some clubs. Arístides Langone, president of Club Atlético Independiente, was so impressed by the Nottingham Forest squad that beat local Alumni by 6–0 that he suggested to change the jersey colours from white and blue to red. The request was approved and Independiente adopted the colour that would later become an identity mark for the club, being known as El Rojo (The Red).[7]

Some versions also state that Quilmes A.C. was another institution that took the colours from a British squad, in this case the white jersey with blue details of the English national team, although there is no evidence to prove that statement.

Tours[]

Southampton F.C. was the first foreign club to tour South America, followed by Nottingham Forest F.C. in 1905. One of its games, against Alumni in Buenos Aires, was attended by 10,000 spectators, what proves the interest of Argentine fans to see the local forces facing British sides, considered technically superior by them.[8]

The first team to defeat a British side was Argentine Alumni, who defeated the South Africa team (mostly composed of British–origin players) by 1–0 at Sociedad Sportiva Argentina stadium in Palermo. The relevance of the victory was expressed by local media, such as La Nación writing: "For our national football, the Alumni v South Africa match was a great triumph that will be remembered for a long time in everyone's memory, serving as example and stimulus for the future", while British-origin newspaper The Standard wrote "it was a glorious victory and what happened in La Sportiva is promising for Argentine football".[9]

Corinthian F.C. of London was the first British club to tour Brazil in 1910, playing ten games in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. The team inspired a group of railway workers to establish a club which they named after the British team,[10] therefore S.C. Corinthians was founded in September 1910.[11]

Corinthian F.C. would return to Brazil in 1913,[12] becoming the only British team that toured South America twice.[10]

Exeter City was the first British team to play beyond Argentina and Uruguay[13] when they reached Brazil to play a series of friendly matches in Rio de Janeiro (most of them v. local combined teams), finishing their tour on July 21, 1914, when Exeter played Brazil national team, in which was the first match ever played by the scratch.[14]

Nevertheless, newspapers in Argentina were left disappointed with City's performances during the tour. Tribuna describing them as "the most mediocre team of professionals sent out by the FA from the home of football", and the Buenos Aires Herald complaining that the Grecians were not "sufficiently superior".[15]

Plymouth Argyle thrashed the Uruguay national team 4–0 in their first game (Uruguay went on to win the first ever World Cup just six years later) before pulling off another shock by beating Argentina 1–0. Plymouth Argyle was the team that faced Argentina most times, with 4 matches played between both squads.[16]

The visit of Plymouth Argyle will be best remembered by the outstanding personality and genius of Moses Russell. His effective style, precise judgement, accurate and timely clearances, powerful kicking and no less useful work with his head...one of the most wonderful backs and one of the brainiest players ever seen on the football field.

— The Standard, British newspaper published in Buenos Aires, at the end of the Plymouth Argyle tour.[17]

In the match against Boca Juniors on 9 July 1924, the Boca Juniors supporters invaded the pitch after their team had scored the opening goal and carried all eleven home players shoulder high around the stadium. After a half hour delay, the referee restarted the match, but a further invasion was sparked when the referee awarded a penalty against the home side. When the match was again restarted, the Argyle players had agreed that Patsy Corcoran would take the spot-kick and miss, to prevent another pitch invasion. However, the ultra-competitive Russell was not prepared to accept this, and just before Corcoran was about to take the penalty he was pushed aside by Russell who took it himself and scored. This prompted a further pitch invasion by the Boca fans and this time the match was abandoned.[17]

Chelsea F.C. was the last British club to tour South America, in 1929. Since the first tour in 1904, the South American players had evolved a lot, as they were described as "true masters in tactical play" by Chelsea chairman Kirby himself. He also remarked the style and ball control on offer, perhaps a consequence of the outstanding sporting facilities many of the amateur teams possessed.[18] The evolution of South American football was also evident in the tour results: of 16 games played during their three months tour, Chelsea only won five, with eight loses.[1] On the other hand, the Chelsea players emphasised the "unfair play" of some Argentine players and the violent surrounding atmosphere of the supporters in Argentina. The Chelsea management complained to the Football Association that "non-observance of the laws of the game hindered real football".[19]

Some players that were part of British teams touring South America, would then hired as coaches in the continent. Walter Bull of Totenham Hotspur went to Argentina, John Harley to Uruguay (he died there in 1959) while John Hamilton went to Brazil in 1907, becoming the first professional coach in the country.[8]

List of British clubs by year of tour[]

Countries visited indicated in each case:

  • Green tickY Toured
  • Red XN Not toured
Team Year Arg Uru Bra Source
Southampton 1904 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [20][21]
Nottingham Forest 1905 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [22][8]
South Africa F.A. 1906 Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [23][9]
Everton 1909 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [24][25]
Tottenham Hotspur 1909 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [26][27][28]
Corinthian 1910 Red XN Red XN Green tickY [10]
Swindon Town 1912 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [29][30]
Corinthian 1913 Red XN Red XN Green tickY [10]
Exeter City 1914 Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [31][32]
Third Lanark 1923 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [33][34][35]
Plymouth Argyle 1924 Green tickY Green tickY Red XN [36][37]
Motherwell 1928 Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [38][39]
Chelsea 1929 Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [1]

Matches details (by club)[]

Complete list of visitors and games played in Argentina, Uruguay[40][41] and Brazil.[12]

  Indicates British clubs defeats.

Southampton[]

Southampton, the first British club to arrive, in 1904
Southampton
Date Rival Score Venue
26 Jun 1904 Argentina Alumni
3–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
3 Jul 1904 Argentina Británicos [note1 1]
10–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
6 Jul 1904 Argentina Belgrano A.C.
6–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
9 Jul 1904  Argentina [16]
8–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
10 Jul 1904 Argentina Liga Argentina [note1 2]
5–3
 Sociedad Sportiva
14 Jul 1904 Uruguay Liga Uruguaya [note1 3]
8–1
 Parque Central
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
6 6 0 0 40 5
Notes
  1. ^ British-origin footballers that played in the Argentine domestic league[42]
  2. ^ All-star team from the Argentine domestic league
  3. ^ All-star team from the Uruguay domestic league

Nottingham Forest[]

Nottingham Forest team that played in Rosario, 16 June 1905
Nottingham Forest
Date Rival Score Venue
11 Jun 1905 Uruguay CURCC
6–1
 Parque Central
16 Jun 1905 Argentina Rosario Combined [note2 1]
5–3
 Plaza Jewell
18 Jun 1905 Argentina Belgrano A.C.
7–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
22 Jun 1905 Argentina Británicos
13–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
24 Jun 1905 Argentina Rosario Combined [note2 1]
6–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
25 Jun 1905 Argentina Alumni
6–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
29 Jun 1905  Argentina [16]
5–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
2 Jul 1905 Argentina Liga Argentina
9–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
8 8 0 0 57 6
Notes
  1. ^ a b Team composed of players of Rosario Central and Rosario A.C.[43]

South Africa[]

The South Africa team of 1906
South Africa playing Alumni in Buenos Aires, 1906
South Africa F.A.
Date Rival Score Venue
22 Jun 1906 Argentina "Universitarios" [note3 1]
14–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
24 Jun 1906 Argentina Alumni
0–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
29 Jun 1906 Argentina Belgrano A.C.
6–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
1 Jul 1906 Argentina Liga Rosarina
9–0
 Plaza Jewell
8 Jul 1906 Argentina "Británicos"
4–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
9 Jul 1906  Argentina [16]
1–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
12 Jul 1906 Argentina Estudiantes (BA)
3–2
 Sociedad Sportiva
15 Jul 1906 Argentina Liga Argentina
4–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
18 Jul 1906 Uruguay Liga Uruguaya
6–1
 Parque Central
22 Jul 1906 Argentina Alumni
2–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
26 Jul 1906 Argentina Quilmes
5–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
31 Jul 1906 Brazil Combinado Brasileiro [note3 2]
6–0
 Velódromo
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
12 11 0 1 60 7
Notes
  1. ^ Team formed for University students
  2. ^ All-star team from the São Paulo state league

Match details[]

Friendly match
Alumni Argentina1–0 South Africa
A. Brown 61' Report
Sociedad Sportiva, Buenos Aires
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Argentina Guillermo Jordán

Everton[]

Everton also toured to Argentina and Uruguay in 1909
Everton
Date Rival Score Venue
06 Jun 1909 England Tottenham Hotspur
2–2
 Sociedad Sportiva
10 Jun 1909 Argentina Alumni
4–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
13 Jun 1909 Uruguay Liga Uruguaya
2–1
 Parque Central
19 Jun 1909 England Tottenham Hotspur
4–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
20 Jun 1909 Argentina Liga Argentina
4–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
5 4 1 0 16 4

Tottenham Hotspur[]

Tottenham Hotspur team of 1909
Tottenham Hotspur
Date Rival Score Venue
06 Jun 1909 England Everton
2–2
 Sociedad Sportiva
10 Jun 1909 Uruguay Liga Uruguaya
8–0
 Parque Central
13 Jun 1909  Argentina [16]
1–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
16 Jun 1909 Argentina Liga Argentina
4–1
 Sociedad Sportiva
19 Jun 1909 England Everton
0–4
 Sociedad Sportiva
20 Jun 1909 Argentina Liga Rosarina
9–0
 Club Argentino (R)
24 Jun 1909 Argentina Alumni
5–0
 Sociedad Sportiva
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
7 5 1 1 29 7

Corinthian (1910)[]

The Corinthian F.C. squad that toured on Brazil in 1910, winning all matches
Corinthian
Date Rival Score Venue
24 Ago 1910 Brazil Fluminense
10–1
 das Laranjeiras
26 Ago 1910 Brazil Rio de Janeiro Combined
8–1
 das Laranjeiras
28 Ago 1910 Brazil Rio de Janeiro Combined
5–2
 das Laranjeiras
31 Ago 1910 Brazil A.A. das Palmeiras [note4 1]
2–0
 Velódromo
2 Sep 1910 Brazil Paulistas Combined
5–0
 Velódromo
4 Sep 1910 Brazil Foreigners Sao Paulo
8–2
 Velódromo
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
6 6 0 0 38 6
Notes
  1. ^ "Associação Atlética das Palmeiras" (not to be confused with S.E. Palmeiras, established in 1914),
    was a football club that merged with members of C.A. Paulistano to form Sao Paulo FC in 1930

Swindon Town[]

Swindon Town playing Argentina national team at GEBA stadium, July 1912
Swindon Town
Date Rival Score Venue
16 Jun 1912 Argentina Combinado Norte
2–2
 GEBA
22 Jun 1912 Argentina San Isidro
4–1
 GEBA
23 Jun 1912 Argentina Combinado Sur
2–0
 GEBA
29 Jun 1912 Argentina Liga Rosarina
3–1
 Club Argentino (R)
30 Jun 1912 Argentina Liga Argentina
2–2
 GEBA
4 Jul 1912 Argentina Estudiantes (BA)
4–0
 GEBA
7 Jul 1912 Uruguay Liga Uruguaya
3–0
 Parque Central
9 Jul 1912  Argentina [16]
1–0
 GEBA
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
8 6 2 0 21 6

Corinthian (1913)[]

Corinthian
Date Rival Score Venue
21 Aug 1913 Brazil Rio de Janeiro Combined
1–2
 das Laranjeiras
23 Aug 1913 Brazil Foreigners Rio
4–0
 das Laranjeiras
24 Aug 1913 Brazil Brazilians Rio
2–1
 das Laranjeiras
28 Aug 1913 Brazil Paulistano
2–1
 Velódromo
30 Aug 1913 Brazil McKenzie College
8–2
 Velódromo
31 Aug 1913 Brazil A.A. das Palmeiras
1–1
 Velódromo
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
6 4 1 1 18 7

Exeter City[]

See also: History of Exeter City F.C.
See also: History_of_Exeter_City_F.C. § Tour_of_South_America_(1914)
The 1914 Exeter City team that toured on South America
The first Brazil national team ever playing Exeter City in Rio de Janeiro
Exeter City
Date Rival Score Venue
14 Jun 1914 Argentina Combinado Norte
0–1
 Racing
21 Jun 1914 Argentina Combinado Sur
3–0
 Racing
24 Jun 1914 Argentina Racing
2–0
 Racing
28 Jun 1914 Argentina Liga Rosarina
3–1
 Club Argentino (R)
29 Jun 1914 Argentina Combined team
5–0
 Racing
9 Jul 1914 Argentina Liga Argentina
3–0
 Racing
11 Jul 1914  Argentina [16]
0–0
 Ferro C. Oeste
12 Jul 1914 Argentina Liga Argentina
3–1
 Racing
18 Jul 1914 Brazil English of Rio
3–0
 das Laranjeiras
19 Jul 1914 Brazil Rio de Janeiro Combined
5–3
 das Laranjeiras
21 Jul 1914  Brazil
0–2
 das Laranjeiras
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
11 8 1 2 27 8

Match details[]

Friendly match
Brazil Brazil2–0England Exeter City
Oswaldo Gomes 28'
Osman 36'		 Report
Laranjeiras, Rio de Janeiro
Attendance: c. 3,000
Referee: England Harry Robinson

Third Lanark[]

Third Lanark (dark jerseys) and Capital Zona Norte combined entering to the pitch, 10 June 1923
Third Lanark
Date Rival Score Venue
10 June 1923 Argentina Capital (Norte)
0–1
 River Plate
17 June 1923 Argentina Capital (Sud)
3–1
 River Plate
19 June 1923  Uruguay
1–1
 Pocitos
24 June 1923  Argentina (AAmF)
1–1
 River Plate
29 June 1923 Argentina Independiente
1–2
 River Plate
1 Jul 1923 Argentina Combinado Provincias
3–2
 River Plate
4 Jul 1923 Uruguay Peñarol
2–0
 Pocitos
8 Jul 1923 ArgentinaUruguay Comb. Argentina / Uruguay
2–1
 River Plate
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
8 4 2 2 13 9

Plymouth Argyle[]

Plymouth Argyle v. Argentina national team (first match): Welsh back Moses Russell (left) fights to cut off centre-forward Gabino Sosa
Plymouth Argyle
Date Rival Score Venue
22 Jun 1924  Argentina [16]
1–0
 Sportivo Barracas
29 Jun 1924  Argentina [16]
0–3
 Sportivo Barracas
4 Jul 1924  Uruguay
4–0
 Parque Central
6 Jul 1924 Argentina Rosario Combined
0–0
 Newell's
8 Jul 1924 Argentina Rosario Combined
1–2
 Boca Juniors
9 Jul 1924 Argentina Boca Juniors
0–0
 Boca Juniors
13 Jul 1924  Argentina [16]
1–0
 Boca Juniors
18 Jul 1924  Uruguay
1–1
 Parque Central
20 Jul 1924  Argentina [16]
0–1
 Sportivo Barracas
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
9 3 3 3 8 7

Motherwell[]

Motherwell F.C. players entering to River Plate field to play the first match of the tour, May 1928
Motherwell
Date Rival Score Venue
13 May 1928 Argentina Combinado Capital [note5 1]
0–1
 River Plate
17 May 1928 Argentina Combinado Provincia [note5 2]
1–2
 River Plate
20 May 1928  Argentina
2–3
 Sp. Barracas
25 May 1928 Argentina Liga Rosarina
4–3
 Independiente
27 May 1928  Argentina (AAmF) [note5 3]
3–0
 Boca Juniors [note5 4]
3 Jun 1928 ArgentinaUruguay Comb. Argentina / Uruguay
3–0
 River Plate
5 Jun 1928 Argentina Combinado del Interior
4–1
 Racing
7 Jun 1928 Argentina Liga Rosarina
3–2
 Newell's O.B.
9 Jun 1928 Argentina Boca Juniors
0–2
 Boca Juniors [note5 4]
10 Jun 1928 Uruguay Peñarol
1–0
 Parque Central
14 Jun 1928 Uruguay Peñarol
1–2
 Pocitos
21 Jun 1928 Brazil Rio de Janeiro IX
1–1
 das Laranjeiras
24 Jun 1928  Brazil
0–5
 das Laranjeiras
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
13 7 0 6 23 21
Notes
  1. ^ Players of teams from Buenos Aires city.[44]
  2. ^ Players of teams from Greater Buenos Aires.[44]
  3. ^ As the main Argentine players were at Amsterdam playing the Summer Olympics tournament, the team was composed of players from the
    Asociación Amateurs de Football, a dissident league that organised its own championship from 1919 to 1926.
  4. ^ a b Located in Brandsen and Del Crucero, it stood (1924–38) before La Bombonera was built on the same place.

Chelsea[]

The Chelsea F.C. team that toured on South America, photographed in Argentina in 1929 [45]
Chelsea v. Corinthians, in Sao Paulo. Both captains greet before the match
Chelsea
Date Rival Score Venue
25 May 1929 Argentina Combinado Capital
3–2
 San Lorenzo
26 May 1929 Argentina Combinado Provincia
0–4
 Racing
31 May 1929  Argentina
1–0
 River Plate
2 Jun 1929 Argentina Combinado Capital
2–3
 Boca Juniors
8 Jun 1929 Argentina San Lorenzo
2–0
 ? (Buenos Aires)
9 Jun 1929 Uruguay Peñarol
1–2
 Pocitos
15 Jun 1929 Argentina Independiente
1–1
 ? (Avellaneda)
16 Jun 1929 Argentina Liga Rosarina
1–2
 Newell's O.B.
16 Jun 1929 Argentina Unión[46][47]
0–5
 15 de Abril
20 Jun 1929 Argentina Racing
0–1
 Racing
22 Jun 1929 Argentina Estudiantil Porteño
3–2
 River Plate
23 Jun 1929 Uruguay Wanderers
1–0
 Parque Central
28 Jun 1929 Brazil Comb. Rio de Janeiro
1–1
 das Laranjeiras
30 Jun 1929 Brazil Comb. Rio de Janeiro
1–2
 das Laranjeiras
4 Jul 1929 Brazil Corinthians
4–4
 Parque Antarctica
7 Jul 1929 Brazil Combinado São Paulo
1–3
 Parque Antarctica
Balance
Pl W D L Gs Gc
16 5 3 8 23 32

References[]

  1. ^ a b c South American Trip of Chelsea FC 1929 by Pablo Ciullini on RSSSF
  2. ^ a b c Historia del Fútbol Amateur en la Argentina, by Jorge Iwanczuk. Published by Autores Editores (1992) - ISBN 9504343848
  3. ^ "Salvation army", The Guardian, 4 June 2006
  4. ^ Plaza Jewell, el club donde nació el deporte rosarino, cumple hoy 145 años, La Capital, 27 Mar 2012
  5. ^ A un siglo y medio del primer partido de fútbol en la Argentina y en Sudamérica by Oscar Barnade, Clarín, 20 Jun 2017
  6. ^ Historia de Fútbol de AFA: Orígenes 1891/1899, by Carlos Yametti. Published by Edición del Autor (2011) – ISBN 978-987-05-9773-5
  7. ^ Independiente y Nottingham Forest unidos para siempre on Olé, 27 Aug 2010
  8. ^ a b c The World's Game: A History of Soccer, by Bill Murray, William J. Murray
  9. ^ a b A cien años de un triunfazo on Clarín, 24 June 2006
  10. ^ a b c d Corinthian FC Football Pioneers by Vince Cooper, 2 Oct 2017
  11. ^ NO BOM RETIRO, EM 1910, COMEÇA ESTA HISTÓRIA, Folha de S.Paulo, 5 Dec 1976
  12. ^ a b British and Irish Clubs - Overseas Tours 1890-1939 by Javier García on RSSSF
  13. ^ Exeter City’s 1914 South American Tour & its Legacy Today by R.I. Ngah
  14. ^ A century of the Seleção: the remarkable story of Brazilian football on The Guardian
  15. ^ Hamilton, Aidan (2014). Have you ever played Brazil?: The story of Exeter City's 1914 tour of South America. Exeter City AFC Supporters Society. ISBN 0992967600.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Argentina national team - List of Other Matches 1901-2008 by Héctor Pelayes on RSSSF
  17. ^ a b Chapter 13: 1920-1930 by Colin Parsons on Green on Screen website
  18. ^ When Chelsea went to Rio on Chelsea FC official site, 12 Jul 2014
  19. ^ ¡Golazo!: A History of Latin American Football by Andreas Campomar – Quercus Publishing Plc (2014) – ISBN 978-1848668560
  20. ^ Rio de la Plata tour of Southampton FC 1905 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  21. ^ source
  22. ^ Rio de la Plata trip of Nottingham Forest 1905 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  23. ^ Río de la Plata Trip of South African Football Association 1906 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  24. ^ Rio de la Plata trip of Everton FC 1909 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  25. ^ The South American Tour 1909 on Everton Collection website
  26. ^ Rio de la Plata trip of Tottenham Hotspur FC 1909 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  27. ^ Hotspur Towers - Spurs in South America
  28. ^ Everton & Tottenham Hotspur in South America 1909, Association football around the world, 1863-19378
  29. ^ Rio de la Plata trip of Swindon Town 1912 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  30. ^ When Saturday Comes magazine, Sep 2010
  31. ^ South America trip of Exeter City 1914 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  32. ^ Exeter City return to Brazil one hundred years after special trip by Kalika Mehta, BBC Sport, 18 July 2014
  33. ^ Rio de la Plata trip of Third Lanark 1923 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  34. ^ Tommy McInally: Celtic's Bad Bhoy? by David Potter - Black & White Publishing (2009) - ISBN 9781845022600
  35. ^ Memoria y Balance 1923 - Asociación Amateurs de Football on Biblioteca AFA
  36. ^ Argentina and Uruguay trip of Plymouth Argyle 1924 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  37. ^ SOUTH AMERICAN TOUR 1924
  38. ^ South American Trip of Motherwell FC 1928 by Pablo Ciullini on the RSSSF
  39. ^ Motherwell: Beating Argentina & bringing football to South America, BBC Sport, 16 July 2020
  40. ^ British and Irish Clubs - Overseas Tours 1890-1939
  41. ^ British Clubs in Argentina and Uruguay (1904-1929) (RSSSF)
  42. ^ La gira del Southampton on Viejos Estadios
  43. ^ Notthingham Forest en Rosario on Historia del Fútbol Rosarino, 5 Mar 2019
  44. ^ a b La gira del Motherwell en 1928 on Viejos Estadios website
  45. ^ Asociación Amateurs Argentina de Football: Memoria y Balance 1929, pag. 159, AFA Library
  46. ^ El día que el Chelsea fue goleado por Unión by Juan C. Castro on TyC Sports, 23 Feb 2021
  47. ^ El día que Unión goleó 5-0 al campeón de la Champions on El Litoral, 31 May 2021 by Darío Pignata
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