Caerostris

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Caerostris
Caerostris sexcuspidata04.jpg
Common bark spider
(Caerostris sexcuspidata)
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Araneidae
Genus: Caerostris
Thorell, 1868[1]
Synonyms[1]

Trichocharis Simon, 1895[2]

Caerostris, sometimes called bark spiders,[3] is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1868.[4] Most species are found in south eastern Africa and neighboring Madagascar.[1]

Taxonomy[]

The genus Caerostris was erected in 1868 by Tamerlan Thorell with the type species being Epeira mitralis Vinson, 1863, which Thorell transferred to Caerostris mitralis.[1][4] Up to 2009, only 11 species had been described. A further species, C. darwini, was described in 2010,[5] and six more species in 2015.[3][1] Two of the "species", C. sexcuspidata and C. sumatrana, will probably need to be divided further to produce genetically uniform species.[3]

A molecular phylogenetic study of 12 of the species of Caerostris produced the phylogenetic tree shown below, showing that the African and Madagascan species form a monophyletic group.[3]

 
 

 
 
 

 
 

C. darwini

 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 
 

C. sexcuspidata

 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African and Madagascan species

Species[]

As of April 2019 it contains eighteen species:[1]

  • Gregorič, 2015 – Madagascar
  • Gregorič, 2015 – Madagascar
  • Pocock, 1902 – South Africa
  • Butler, 1882 – Madagascar
  • Caerostris darwini Kuntner & Agnarsson, 2010 – Madagascar
  • Butler, 1882 – Madagascar
  • Butler, 1882 – Madagascar
  • (Simon, 1895) – Madagascar
  • Strand, 1915 – Myanmar
  • Gregorič, 2015 – Mozambique
  • Grasshoff, 1984 – Comoros, Mayotte
  • (Vinson, 1863) – Central Africa, Madagascar
  • Gregorič, 2015 – Madagascar
  • Caerostris sexcuspidata (Fabricius, 1793) – Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, Seychelles (Aldabra)
  • Strand, 1915 – India to China, Borneo
  • Gregorič, 2015 – South Africa
  • (Blackwall, 1866) – Central, Southern Africa
  • Gregorič, Blackledge, Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2015 – Madagascar

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Gen. Caerostris Thorell, 1868". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-05-12.
  2. ^ Grasshoff, M. (1984). "Die Radnetzspinnen-Gattung Caerostris (Arachnida: Araneae)". Revue Zoologique Africaine. 98 (4): 725–765. OCLC 717108186. NAID 10022018721.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Gregorič, Matjaž; Blackledge, Todd A.; Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaž (2015). "A molecular phylogeny of bark spiders reveals new species from Africa and Madagascar (Araneae: Araneidae: Caerostris)". Journal of Arachnology. 43 (3): 293–312. doi:10.1636/0161-8202-43.3.293. S2CID 53953991.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Thorell, T. (1868), "Araneae. Species novae minusve cognitae", in Virgin, C.A. (ed.), Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring Jorden (in Latin), Uppsala, pp. 1–34
  5. ^ Kuntner, Matjaž; Agnarsson, Ingi (2010). "Web gigantism in Darwin's bark spider, a new species from Madagascar (Araneidae: Caerostris)". The Journal of Arachnology. 38 (2): 346–356. doi:10.1636/B09-113.1. S2CID 54079094.


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