Calamaria
Calamaria | |
---|---|
Calamaria albiventer | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Order: | Squamata |
Suborder: | Serpentes |
Family: | Colubridae |
Subfamily: | Calamariinae |
Genus: | Calamaria F. Boie, 1827[1] |
Species | |
Calamaria is a large genus of dwarf burrowing[5] snakes[6] of the family Colubridae. The genus contains 66 recognized species.[7] The genus is endemic to Asia.[8]
Description[]
Species in the genus Calamaria share the following characteristics. The eight to 11 maxillary teeth are subequal; the anterior mandibular teeth are somewhat longer than the posterior ones. The head is not distinct from neck; the eye is small, with a round pupil; the nostril is pierced in a minute nasal scale. No loreal, internasal, or temporal scales are present; the preocular can be present or absent; the parietals contact the labials. The body is cylindrical, with smooth dorsal scales, without apical pits, in 13 rows. The tail is short; the subcaudals are paired.[9]
Species[]
The following 66 described species in the genus Calamaria are recognized as being valid.[4]
- Orlov, 2009
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Boulenger, 1896
- Calamaria albiventer (Gray, 1834)
- , & R. Brown, 2021[10]
- Calamaria alidae Boulenger, 1920
- & , 2018
- M.A. Smith, 1927
- , , , Iskander & Böhme, 2009
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Calamaria bicolor A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854
- Calamaria bitorques W. Peters, 1872
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Bleeker, 1860
- Inger & Marx, 1965 – Brongersma's reed snake[11]
- Marx & Inger, 1955
- & , 2007
- De Rooij, 1913
- Orlov et al., 2010
- Lidth de Jeude, 1922
- Boulenger, 1896
- , 1902
- Ziegler, & , 2019
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Boulenger, 1893
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Calamaria gervaisii A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854
- Ziegler, & , 2008
- J.G. Fischer, 1885
- (Günther, 1872)
- Calamaria griswoldi Loveridge, 1938
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Calamaria ingeri Grismer, & , 2004
- Boulenger, 1891
- Taylor, 1922
- Mocquard, 1890
- De Rooij, 1917
- Bleeker, 1860
- F. Boie, 1827
- Howard & Gillespie, 2007
- Boulenger, 1887
- Calamaria lumbricoidea F. Boie, 1827
- Andersson, 1923
- Bleeker, 1860
- , 1901
- Jan, 1862
- Calamaria modesta A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854
- Boulenger, 1896
- , 2021
- Boulenger, 1896
- Inger & Marx, 1965
- Calamaria pavimentata A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854
- Calamaria pfefferi Stejneger, 1901 – Pfeffer's reed snake[11]
- Lidth de Jeude, 1893
- Bleeker, 1860
- Truong, Koch & Ziegler, 2009
- Calamaria schlegeli A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854 – pink-headed reed snake
- Calamaria schmidti Marx & Inger, 1955 – Schmidt's reed snake
- Calamaria septentrionalis Boulenger, 1890
- , , Orlov & , 2019 – striped-belly reed snake
- Taylor, 1922
- , 1870
- Ziegler & , 2005[12]
- Calamaria ulmeri , 1940
- F. Boie, 1827
- Calamaria yunnanensis Chernov, 1962
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Calamaria.
See also[]
References[]
- ^ Genus Calamaria at Dahms Tierleben. http://www.dahmstierleben.de. (in German).
- ^ Gbif.org
- ^ Wikispecies.
- ^ a b Genus Calamaria at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
- ^ Ecologyasia.com
- ^ Animaldiversity.Umich.edu
- ^ "Biologi.lipi.go.id" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-25. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
- ^ Ecologyasia.com
- ^ Boulenger GA (1894). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xi + 382 pp. + Plates I-XX. (Genus Calamaria, p. 330).
- ^ Weinell, Jeffrey L.; Leviton, Alan E.; Brown, Rafe M. (2021). "A New Species of Reed Snake, Genus Calamaria (Colubridae: Calamariinae), from Mindoro Island, Philippines". Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 14 (2): 1–14. DOI 10.26757/pjsb2020b14006[permanent dead link]. (Calamaria alcalai, new species).
- ^ a b ; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Calamaria brongersmai, p. 39; C. pfefferi, p. 205).
- ^ Ziegler, Thomas, Quyet, Le Khac (2005). "A new species of reed snake, Calamaria (Squamata: Colubridae), from the Central Truong Son (Annamite mountain range), Vietnam" Zootaxa 1042: 27–38. (Calamaria thanhi, new species).
External links[]
- Data related to Calamaria at Wikispecies
- "Calamaria" at the Encyclopedia of Life
- Calamaria
- Colubrids
- Snake genera
- Taxa named by Friedrich Boie