Calicium
| Calicium | |
|---|---|
| |
| Calicium viride | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Caliciales |
| Family: | Caliciaceae |
| Genus: | Calicium Pers. (1794) |
| Type species | |
| Calicium viride Pers. (1794)
| |
Calicium is a genus of leprose lichen lichens.[1]:234 It is in the family Caliciaceae.
The sexual reproduction structures are a mass of loose ascospores that are enclosed by a cup shaped exciple sitting on top of a tiny stalk, having the appearance of a (called a mazaedium), hence the common name pin lichen.[1]:15 They are also commonly called stubble lichens.[1]:234
They have been used as indicator species for old growth redwood forests.[1]:234
Evolutionary history[]
The discovery of a Calicium-like fossil in Baltic amber dating back 55–35 myr indicates that the main distinguishing characteristics of this genus have persisted for at least tens of millions of years.[2] A fossil-calibrated phylogeny that includes this fossil suggests that the family Caliciaceae diversified from its most recent common ancestor 103–156 Myr ago in the early Cretaceous.[3]
Species[]
As of December 2020, Species Fungorum accepts 36 species in Calicium:[4]
- Calicium abietinum Pers. (1797)
- Pers. (1798)
- F.Wilson (1891)
- Calicium carolinianum (Tuck.) M.Prieto & Wedin (2016)
- Calicium chlorosporum F.Wilson (1891)
- F.Wilson (1889)
- (Ach.) Ach. (1803)
- Nyl. (1868)
- Calicium glaucellum Ach. (1803)
- Müll.Arg. (1887)
- Nyl. (1860)
- Tibell (2006)
- Calicium laevigatum Tibell (2006)
- (Nyl.) M.Prieto & Wedin (2016)
- Calicium lenticulare Ach. (1816)
- (Th.Fr.) M.Prieto & Wedin (2016)
- Tibell (2001)
- Js.Murray (1960)
- Tibell (2003)
- Tibell (2006)
- (Tul.) M.Prieto & Wedin (2016)
- Tibell (1975)
- (Tibell) M.Prieto & Wedin (2016)
- Tibell & Frisch (2010)
- Tibell (2006)
- Calicium quercinum Pers. (1797)
- Calicium robustellum Nyl. (1861)
- Calicium salicinum Pers. (1794)
- Calicium sequoiae C.B.Williams & Tibell (2008)
- Tibell (2006)
- Calicium trabinellum (Ach.) Ach. (1810)
- (Nyl. ex Branth & Rostr.) M.Prieto & Wedin (2016)
- Calicium tricolor F.Wilson (1889)
- Tibell (2006)
- Calicium victorianum (F.Wilson) Tibell (1987)
- Calicium viride Pers. (1794)
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2
- ^ Rikkinen, Jouko (2003). "Calicioid lichens from European Tertiary amber". Mycologia. 95 (6): 1032–1036. doi:10.1080/15572536.2004.11833019. PMID 21149012.
- ^ Prieto, Maria; Wedin, Mats (2016). "Phylogeny, taxonomy and diversification events in the Caliciaceae". Fungal Diversity. 82 (1): 221–238. doi:10.1007/s13225-016-0372-y.
- ^ Species Fungorum. "Calicium". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
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- Caliciales
- Lichens
- Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon
- Caliciales genera
- Taxa described in 1794
- Lecanoromycetes stubs