Callicore

Callicore
Hesperis eighty-eight (C. hesperis) upperside of museum specimen
Texa eighty-eight (C. texa) underside, Cristalino River, Southern Amazon, Brazil
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Tribe:	Callicorini
Genus:	Callicore Hübner, [1819]
Type species
Callicore astarte Cramer, [1779]
Diversity
See text
Synonyms
Catagramma Boisduval, 1836

Callicore is a genus of nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical realm. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly lumped together as the paraphyletic Catagramma assemblage.

Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-eights or numberwings like the related genera Diaethria and Perisama, in reference to the characteristic patterns on the hindwing undersides of many. In Callicore, the pattern consists of bluish dots surrounded by black and looks more like "αB" or "8°", though some members of this genus have a completely different arrangement of dots. The forewing undersides vary little between species, being black with one or two broad orange-yellow bands in the basal part and one thin and one very faint yellowish band near the apex.

is listed as an endangered species in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Species[]

Listed alphabetically within species groups:^[1]

The atacama species group:

• (Hewitson, 1852) – yellow-banded eighty-eight
• (Hewitson, 1864) – 8-spot numberwing
• Callicore hesperis (Guérin, 1844) – hesperis eighty-eight

The cyllene species group:

• Callicore pygas (Godart, [1824]) – pygas eighty-eight

The cynosura species group:

• Callicore astarte (Cramer, 1779) – Astarte eighty-eight
• Callicore cynosura (Doubleday & Hewitson, 1847) – Cynosura eighty-eight
• Callicore excelsior (Hewitson, 1857) – excelsior eighty-eight or superb numberwing
• (Hopp, 1922)
• (Godart, 1832) – Sorana eighty-eight

The hydarnis species group

• (Godart, [1824])

The hydaspes species group:

• (Doyère, [1840]) – four-spotted eighty-eight
• Callicore hydaspes (Drury, 1782) – Hydaspes eighty-eight
• Callicore lyca (Doubleday, [1847]) – Aegina numberwing
• (Oberthür, 1916)

The pitheas species group:

• (Staudinger, 1891)
• (Latreille, 1811) – two-eyed eighty-eight

The texa species group:

• Callicore texa (Hewitson, 1854) – Texa eighty-eight

The tolima species group:

• Callicore eunomia (Hewitson, 1853) – Eunomia eighty-eight
• (Fabricius, 1781) – Hystaspes eighty-eight
• (Hewitson, 1851) – blue-and-orange eighty-eight

Gallery[]

• 

  Astarte eighty-eight,
  C. astarte, upperside

• 

  Aegina numberwing,
  C. l. salamis, underside

• 

  Eunomia eighty-eight,
  C. eunomia, underside

• 

  Superb numberwing,
  C. e. pastazza, underside

• 

  Cynosura eighty-eight,
  C. cynosura, underside

• 

  Pygas eighty-eight,
  (C. pygas)
  Iguazu Falls, Brazil

References[]

• Casagrande, M. M., Mielke, O. H. H., & Brown, K. S., Jr. (1998). Butterflies (Lepidoptera) considered as threatened in Minas Gerais, Brazil (in Portuguese). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 15(1), 241-259.
• Garwood, K. M., Lehman, Carter, W., & Carter, G. (2007). Butterflies of Southern Amazonia. Mission, Texas: Neotropical Butterflies.
• Lamas, G., ed. 2004. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.

External links[]

Wikispecies has information related to Callicorina.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Callicore.

• images representing Callicore at Consortium for the Barcode of Life
• Callicore Tree of Life
• Pteron in Japanese but with binomial names.