Calung

Angklung
Angklung
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
	Calung performance in Frankfurt, Germany.
Country	Indonesia
Criteria	Oral Tradition and Expression, Performing Arts, Customs, rituals and celebrations, Knowledge and practices based upon nature and the universe, and Skill in traditional handcraft
Reference	393
Region	Asia and the Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription	2010 (5th session)
List	Representative List
	; Traditional Angklung (Pentatonic – Slendro Scale: Angklung Kanekes, Angklung Dogdog Lojor, Angklung Gabrag, Angklung Badeng, Angklung Bungko, Angklung Badud, Angklung Buncis, and angklung Calung) and Modern Angklung (Diatonic/Chromatic - Slendro, Pelog, and Madenda Scale: Angklung Padaeng)

Calung
	A calung musical instrument from Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia.
Percussion instrument
Classification	Idiophone
Hornbostel–Sachs classification	111.232; (Sets of percussion tubes)
Developed	West Java and Banyumas, Indonesia

A calung (Sundanese script: ᮎᮜ��ᮀ) is a bamboo tube xylophone used in the Indonesian music of Sundanese, Banyumasan, and Balinese.^[1]^[2] The calung (instrument) consists of multiple bamboo tubes which are struck at the base to produce a woody sound. In the Balinese Gamelan gong kebyar, the metallophone Jublag can also be known as Calung, it has a one-octave range, and is generally utilized to play mid-range melodies.

In Banyumas, southwestern Central Java in Indonesia, when Calung is referred to as an ensemble, it uses multiple bamboo instruments and is composed of singers and dancers.^[3] The ensemble is characterized by a variety of traits that include: interlocking melodies and rhythm, abrupt changes in tempo, as well as syncopated rhythm and humorous vocals. Calung (the ensemble) is present at many celebratory gatherings, and its dancers are sometimes related to prostitution.^[4]^{[dubious – discuss]}^{[page needed]}

On November 18, 2010, UNESCO officially recognized the Indonesian angklung which includes a musical instrument of calung as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, and encouraged the Indonesian people and the Indonesian government to safeguard, transmit, promote performances and to encourage the craftsmanship of the angklung.^[5] In 2011, calung traditions are recognized as National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture.^[6]

Etymology[]

The word "calung" comes from the Javanese language. The word comes from two words that are combined into one, namely "carang pring wulung" or the shoot of wulung bamboo/black bamboo (Gigantochloa atroviolacea).^[7]

Instrument[]

The calung works by cutting away multiple pieces of bamboo tubes to create a pitch when struck.^[8] To make the Calung in the Sundanese tradition, a set of bamboo tubes are strung together through holes cut into the tubes. You are then able to play the Calung either suspended; you play the tubes while they are in hanging in front of you, or you can put them across a bamboo frame and play it like a xylophone.

Gallery[]

An illustration of a Baduy man playing a calung by Jannes Theodorus Bik, c. 1816–1846.
A Rindhik musical instrument (Balinese calung style) from Bali, Indonesia.
Calung Jinjing

References[]

^ "Calung". Grove Music Online. 2001. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.46041. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 2020-08-31.
^ "Calung". Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI). Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ [1] (2007). "Calung". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. 2007. Retrieved 9 Sep 2013.
^ Sutton, R. Anderson (1991). Traditions of Gamelan Music in Java: Musical Pluralism and Regional Identity. Cambridge University Press.
^ ""Indonesian Angklung", Inscribed in 2010 (5.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity". UNESCO. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ "Warisan Budaya Takbenda, Penetapan". Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ "Sejarah dan Fungsi Alat Musik Calung dari Jawa Barat". paragrafnews.com. 13 October 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
^ [2] Yampolsky; et al. (2001). "Indonesia". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. Retrieved 8 September 2018. Section (b): Village music.

External links[]

(August 2, 2011). "Calung Traditional Art from West java", Antique-Teak-Furniture.BlogSpot.com. An example of a Calung ensemble can be found in the video halfway down the page.

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[1] "Calung". Grove Music Online. 2001. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.46041. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 2020-08-31.

[Calung-2] "Calung". Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI). Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[OxfordMusicOnline-3] [1] (2007). "Calung". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. 2007. Retrieved 9 Sep 2013.

[Sutton-4] Sutton, R. Anderson (1991). Traditions of Gamelan Music in Java: Musical Pluralism and Regional Identity. Cambridge University Press.

[5] ""Indonesian Angklung", Inscribed in 2010 (5.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity". UNESCO. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[6] "Warisan Budaya Takbenda, Penetapan". Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[7] "Sejarah dan Fungsi Alat Musik Calung dari Jawa Barat". paragrafnews.com. 13 October 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2021.

[8] [2] Yampolsky; et al. (2001). "Indonesia". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. Retrieved 8 September 2018. Section (b): Village music.

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v Traditional musical instruments of Indonesia
Gamelan • Kulintang • Kolintang • Talempong • Totobuang
Aerophones	Akordeon Saluang Suling
Chordophones	Cak Cekuntrung Cuk Gambus Hasapi Kacapi Kongahyan Rebab Sasando Sapeh
Idiophones	Agung Angklung Babendil Bonang Calung Gambang Gangsa Genggong Gendèr Gong Gong ageng Karinding Kecer Kemanak Kempul Kempyang and ketuk Kenong Kepyak Kubing Reyong Saron Siter Slenthem Slentho Tamborin Ugal
Membranophones	Bedug Gendang beleq Gordang sambilan Kendang Rebana Marawis
Related articles	List of gamelan instruments List of gamelan varieties

Calung

Contents

Etymology[]

Instrument[]

Gallery[]

See also[]

References[]

External links[]

Angklung
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
Calung performance in Frankfurt, Germany.
Country	Indonesia
Criteria	Oral Tradition and Expression, Performing Arts, Customs, rituals and celebrations, Knowledge and practices based upon nature and the universe, and Skill in traditional handcraft
Reference	393
Region	Asia and the Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription	2010 (5th session)
List	Representative List
Traditional Angklung (Pentatonic – Slendro Scale: Angklung Kanekes, Angklung Dogdog Lojor, Angklung Gabrag, Angklung Badeng, Angklung Bungko, Angklung Badud, Angklung Buncis, and angklung Calung) and Modern Angklung (Diatonic/Chromatic - Slendro, Pelog, and Madenda Scale: Angklung Padaeng)