Cevat Çobanlı
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Nickname(s) | 18 Mart Kahramanı (Hero of 18 March) |
---|---|
Born | Sultanahmet, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | 14 September 1870
Died | 13 March 1938 Istanbul, Turkey | (aged 67)
Buried | Erenköy Mezarlığı |
Allegiance | Ottoman Empire Turkey |
Service/ | Ottoman Army Turkish Land Forces |
Years of service | Ottoman Empire: 1891–1920 Turkey: 15 January 1922 – 14 September 1935 |
Rank | General |
Commands held | Dardanelles Fortified Area Command, XIV Corps, XV Corps, XIV Corps, VIII Corps, Second Army (deputy), Eighth Army, War Minister, Chief of the General Staff, El-Cezire Front, Third Army, member of the Supreme Military Council |
Battles/wars | Italo-Turkish War Balkan Wars First World War War of Independence |
Cevat Çobanlı (14 September 1870[2] or 1871 – 13 March 1938[1]) was a military commander of the Ottoman Army, War Minister (Harbiye Nazırı) of the Ottoman Empire and a general of the Turkish Army.
Biography[]
Family and education[]
Cevat was born on 14 September 1870 or in 1871 in Sultanahmet (Istanbul, Ottoman Empire) to mother Emine Hanım and father Müşir Şakir Pasha.
After graduating from Galatasaray High School, he entered Harbiye Mektibi (Mekteb-i Fünûn-u Harbiyye-i Şâhâne) in 1888. He completed the military school as the fourth of the class on 1891 and joined the Ottoman military as an Infantry Second Lieutenant (Mülâzım-ı Sani).[1] And he continued to study in the War Academy (Staff College, Mekteb-i Erkân-ı Harbiye-i Şâhâne), present day: Harp Akademisi) and in 1892, he was promoted to the rank of First Lieutenant (Mülâzım-ı Evvel).[1] In 1894, he graduated from Academy as a Staff Captain (Erkân-ı Harp Yüzbaşısı) and started to serve for the General Staff of Palace (Maiyet-i Seniyye Erkân-ı Harbiyesi) as an aide-de-camp of Sultan.[3]
Balkan Wars[]
World War I[]
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Malta exile[]
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He was one of the Malta exiles.
Republican era[]
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Writer Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı and the painters Aliye Berger and Fahrelnissa Zeid were his nephew and nieces.
Medals and Decorations[]
- Order of the Medjidieh 1st Class with Sword
- Gold Medal of Liyakat
- Gold Medal of Imtiyaz
- Bulgaria Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)
- Bulgaria Order of St Alexander 2nd Class
- Spain Order of Isabella the Catholic 2nd Class
- Prussia Order of the Crown (Prussia) 2nd Class
- Prussia Iron Cross 1st and 2nd Class
- Prussia Order of the Red Eagle
- Bavaria Military Merit Order (Bavaria) 2nd Class with Sword
- Bavaria Merit Order of the Bavarian Crown 1st Class with Sword
- Austria-Hungary Military Merit Medal (Austria-Hungary) 2nd Class
- Austria-Hungary Red Cross 1st Class
- Austria-Hungary Order of the Iron Crown (Austria) 1st Class
- Austria-Hungary Order of the Iron Crown 2nd Class Military
- Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon & Citation
Sources[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, Ankara, 1972, p. 22. (in Turkish)
- ^ Mesut Aydın, Türkiye ve Irak Hudûdu Mes'elesi, Avrasya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi Yayınları, 2001, p. 53.
- ^ Genelkurmay, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, p. 23.
See also[]
- List of high-ranking commanders of the Turkish War of Independence
- Media related to Cevat Çobanlı at Wikimedia Commons
- 1870 births
- 1938 deaths
- People from Istanbul
- Ottoman Army generals
- Turkish Army generals
- Ottoman Military Academy alumni
- Ottoman Military College alumni
- Ottoman military personnel of the Italo-Turkish War
- Ottoman military personnel of the Balkan Wars
- Ottoman military personnel of World War I
- Malta exiles
- Turkish military personnel of the Turkish War of Independence
- Turkish military personnel of the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)
- Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 1st class
- Recipients of the Liakat Medal
- Recipients of the Imtiyaz Medal
- Recipients of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)
- Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
- Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
- Recipients of the Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon (Turkey)
- Burials at Turkish State Cemetery