Charles Sebe
Xhanti Charles Sebe | |
---|---|
Known for | Ciskei state security head, rebel and murder victim |
Lt. General Xhanti Charles Sebe[1] was leader of the Ciskei Defence Force- the military of the Bantustan of Ciskei, and its Director of State Security. A former Security Branch policeman, he later joined the South African Bureau of State Security (B.O.S.S.) before founding the Ciskei state security apparatus.[2]
Described as having created a police state in Ciskei,[3][4] and being perceived as its de facto ruler,[5] he was the brother of Lennox Sebe. He was subsequently arrested by his brother's government, and sentenced to prison by the Ciskei government for incitement,[6][7] but was rescued from jail by white mercenaries,[8] and escaped to the nearby Bantustan of Transkei, where he began an organisation that aimed to overthrow his brother's government.[9]
Charles Sebe was lured back to Ciskei in an operation orchestrated by South African security forces[10][11] in 1991, during the rule of Oupa Gqozo, and, having been wounded in an ambush which killed an associate, was the subject of a manhunt, and he was subsequently was shot to death in cold blood[12] by the Ciskei Security forces.[4][11][13][14] Gqozo was tried in 1993 for the murder, by the Ciskei Supreme Court, and, together with his co-accused, Sergeant-Major Thozamile Veliti, Gqozo was acquitted.[15]
The killing of Sebe was later investigated by South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission.[10]
References[]
- ^ "Lt. Gen. Charles Xhanti Sebe: A few Famous Quotes". www.museum.za.net.
- ^ "Truth Commission - Special Report - TRC Final Report - Volume 2, Section 1, Chapter". sabctrc.saha.org.za.
- ^ Lelyveld, Joseph (25 September 1983). "MISERY IN A SOUTH AFRICAN 'HOMELAND'". The New York Times.
- ^ a b "South Africa: Ciskei: Ten Years on Human Rights and the Fiction of "Independence" (Human Rights Watch Report, December 20, 1991)". www.hrw.org.
- ^ "Truth Commission - Special Report - TRC Final Report - Volume 2, Section 1, Chapter". sabctrc.saha.org.za.
- ^ sahoboss (16 March 2011). "Former commander of the armed forces of the Ciskei, Major-General Charles Sebe is imprisoned".
- ^ http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/decisions/1997/970414_thoba.htm
- ^ Times, Alan Cowell and Special To the New York (20 October 1986). "PRETORIA PUZZLE: 'HOMELANDS' AT ODDS". The New York Times.
- ^ "SAPA - 29 Jul 96 - FORMER CISKEI RULER'S SON WAS MOST FEARED IN". www.justice.gov.za.
- ^ a b "Truth Commission - Special Report - TRC Final Report - Volume 3, Section 1, Chapter". sabctrc.saha.org.za.
- ^ a b "Pretoria's 'Divide and Rule' Strategy in Ciskei". Christian Science Monitor. 9 September 1992.
- ^ Maclennan, Ben (7 April 2004). "Oupa Gqozo: An 'officer and a gentleman'".
- ^ http://letras.comp.filos.unam.mx/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ColinWhite_TheRuleOfBrigadierOupaGqozoInCiskei.pdf
- ^ "South Africa: Second alleged Ciskei coup plotter killed".
- ^ "Today In History - YFM - Yona Ke Yona". yworld.co.za. Archived from the original on 2018-08-19. Retrieved 2018-08-19.
- People murdered in South Africa
- Ciskei
- Apartheid stubs
- South African people stubs