Cheloninae
Cheloninae | |
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Imago of an unidentified species | |
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Subfamily: | Cheloninae
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Genera | |
Several, see text |
The Cheloninae are a cosmopolitan subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps.
Description[]
Most Cheloninae are small and uniformly colored. They have a characteristic metasomal carapace formed from the fusion of the first three tergites.
Biology[]
They are solitary koinobionts which parasitize Lepidoptera, especially Pyraloidea and Tortricoidea, but also other taxa whose larvae bore in stems, buds or fruits. Chelonines are egg-larval parasitoids, meaning they oviposit into a host egg, but the wasp larvae do not complete development until the caterpillar has hatched and matured. Chelonines carry polydnaviruses which aid in overcoming their hosts' immune system.[1]
Genera[]
Genera placed in Cheloninae include:
- Wesmael, 1835 (paraphyletic?)
- Kittel and Austin, 2014
- Chelonus Panzer, 1806
- Zettel, 1990
- † Brues, 1933
- † Cockerell, 1920
- Koçak and Kemal, 2008
- Zettel, 1990
- Shaw, 1990
- Baker, 1926
- Cameron, 1910
- Kittel and Austin, 2014
- Phanerotoma Wesmael, 1838
- Szépligeti, 1900
- Zettel, 1990
- Zettel, 1990
- He et al., 1994
- Zettel, 1990
Previously belonging to the Adeliinae, but now confirmed to be nested within Cheloninae[2] in the tribe Adeliini are:
- Adelius Haliday, 1834
- de Saeger, 1942
- He and Chen, 2000
- Belokobylskij, 1988
References[]
- ^ Murphy, Nicholas; Banks, Jonathan C.; Whitfield, James B.; Austin, Andrew D. (2008-04-01). "Phylogeny of the parasitic microgastroid subfamilies (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on sequence data from seven genes, with an improved time estimate of the origin of the lineage". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 47 (1): 378–395. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.022. PMID 18325792.
- ^ Kittel, R.N.; Austin, A.D.; Klopfstein, S. (2016). "Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of chelonine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with a critical assessment of divergence time estimations". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 101: 224–241. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.016. PMID 27179700.
Wikispecies has information related to Cheloninae. |
External links[]
photos on BugGuide.net
- Braconidae
- Apocrita subfamilies
- Ichneumonoidea stubs