Chin Haw
The Chin Haw or Chin Ho (Chinese: 秦霍; pinyin: Qín huò; Thai: จีนฮ่อ, RTGS: Chin Ho), also known locally as Yunnanese (Thai: จีนยูนนาน), are Chinese people who migrated to Thailand via Myanmar or Laos. Most of them were originally from Yunnan, a southern province of China.[1][2] They speak Southwestern Mandarin.
Migration[]
Generally, the Chin Haw can be divided into three groups according to the time of their migration.[3]
- In the nineteenth century, the Qing army sent troops to suppress the rebellion in Yunnan, known as the Panthay Rebellion, which caused up to 1,000,000 lives lost - both civilians and soldiers. During this time, many people fled to the Shan state in Burma, then to northern Thailand.
- The Panthay Chinese merchants who traded between Yunnan, Burma and Lan Na from their base in the Wa States. Some of them settled down along this trade route.
- After the Chinese revolution in 1949, the 93rd Corps, which supported the Kuomintang party, fled to Burma and to northern Thailand.
Religion[]
The majority are Han Chinese and follow Chinese folk religion or Buddhism. Approximately one-third are Muslim, also known as Hui people or Hui Muslim.
Activities[]
The Chin Haw have traditionally been itinerant in their lifestyle, conducting long-distance caravan trade throughout the Thai-Burma-Laos frontier, southeast China, and northern Vietnam.[4]
They have engaged in the heroin trade. Ma Hseuh-fu, from Yunnan province, was one of the most prominent Chin Haw heroin drug lords, his other professions included trading in tea and a hotelier.[5]
The Muslim Chin Haw are the same ethnic group as the Panthay in Burma who are also descendants of Hui Muslims from Yunnan province, China.
See also[]
- Baan Haw Mosque
- Attaqwa Mosque
- Kokang people
- Kuomintang in Burma and spillover into Thailand
References[]
- ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20120220130034/http://khondoi.com/thai/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73&Itemid=87. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 22 February 2009. Missing or empty
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(help) - ^ Forbes, Andrew ; Henley, David (2011). Traders of the Golden Triangle. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN: B006GMID5K
- ^ "»ÃÐÇѵԡÒÃ;¾¢Í§¨Õ¹ÁØÊÅÔÁ". Oknation.net. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
- ^ FORBES, A. (1987). THE "ČĪN-HǬ" (YUNNANESE CHINESE) CARAVAN TRADE WITH NORTH THAILAND DURING THE LATE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES. Journal of Asian History, 21(1), 1-47. Retrieved April 20, 2021, from JSTOR
- ^ Joel John Barlow (25 February 2011). "Drugs and Cultural Survival in the Golden Triangle". Shan Herald. Retrieved 7 January 2011.[permanent dead link]
- Asian ethnic group stubs
- Ethnic groups in Thailand