Christian Rohlfs
Christian Rohlfs (November 22, 1849 – January 8, 1938) was a German painter and printmaker, one of the important representatives of German expressionism.
Life[]
He was born in Groß Niendorf, Kreis Segeberg in Prussia. He took up painting as a teenager while convalescing from an infection[1] that was eventually to lead to the amputation of a leg in 1874.[2] He began his formal artistic education in Berlin,[2] before transferring, in 1870, to the Weimar Academy.[1] Initially he painted large-scale landscapes, working through a variety of academic, naturalist, Impressionist, and Post-Impressionist styles. In 1901 left Weimar for Hagen, where the collector Karl Ernst Osthaus had offered him a studio in the modern art museum he was setting up there. Meetings with Edvard Munch and Emil Nolde and the experience of seeing the works of Vincent van Gogh inspired him to move towards the expressionist style, in which he would work for the rest of his career.[1]
In 1908, at the age of 60, he made his first prints after seeing an exhibition of works by the expressionist group Die Brücke. He went on to make 185 in total, almost all woodcuts or linocuts.[1] In rare instances he experimented with heavily hand-coloring his prints, onto the verge of painting and sometimes well after they were made, as in his 1919 recoloring of the prior year's Der Gefangene.[3]
In May 1922 he attended the International Congress of Progressive Artists and signed the "Founding Proclamation of the Union of Progressive International Artists".[4]
He lived in Munich and the Tyrol in 1910–12, before returning to Hagen. In 1929 the town of Hagen opened a Christian Rohlfs Museum.[2] In 1937 the Nazis expelled him from the Prussian Academy of Arts, condemned his work as degenerate, and removed his works from public collections.[1] He died in Hagen, Westfalia, on January 8, 1938.
Works[]
Hilly landscape in late autumn, 1900
Collegiate Church of St. Patroclus in Soest, 1912, Germanisches Nationalmuseum
Landscape vision, 1912, Germanisches Nationalmuseum
The temptation of Christ, 1914, Germanisches Nationalmuseum
Sternbrücke in Weimar., (ca. 1917)
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Christian Rohlfs (German, 1849–1938)". Museum of Modern Art, New York. Retrieved 14 December 2013.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Christian Rohlfs". German Art in the 20th Century: Painting and Sculpture 1905 1985 (Catalogue of an exhibition held at the Royal Academy of Arts, London). London: Royal Academy of Arts/ Prestel Verlag. 1985. pp. 497–8.
- ^ Cole, William. "Christian Rohlfs: Der Gefangene," Art in Print, Vol. 4 No. 1 (May–June 2014).
- ^ van Doesburg, Theo. "De Stijl, "A Short Review of the Proceedings [of the Congress of International Progressive Artists], Followed by the Statements Made by the Artists' Groups" (1922)". modernistarchitecture.wordpress.com. Ross Lawrence Wolfe. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
External links[]
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- Biography & Works by Christian Rohlfs Galerie Ludorff, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Newspaper clippings about Christian Rohlfs in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
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- 1849 births
- 1938 deaths
- 19th-century German painters
- German male painters
- 20th-century German painters
- 20th-century male artists
- German Expressionist painters
- People from Segeberg
- 19th-century male artists
- German painter stubs