Christianization of the Slavs
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The Slavs were Christianized in waves from the 7th to 12th century, though the process of replacing old Slavic religious practices began as early as the 6th century.[1] Generally speaking, the monarchs of the South Slavs adopted Christianity in the 9th century, the East Slavs in the 10th, and the West Slavs between the 9th and 12th century. Saints Cyril and Methodius (fl. 860–885) are attributed as "Apostles to the Slavs", having introduced the Byzantine-Slavic rite (Old Slavonic liturgy) and Glagolitic alphabet, the oldest known Slavic alphabet and basis for the Early Cyrillic alphabet.[citation needed]
Slavic Christianity[]
Slavic Christianity refers to the history of Christianity among the Slavic peoples. The Slavic nations (or ethnic groups) are divided between Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism. The Orthodox Slavs use the Cyrillic script, while the Catholic Slavs use the Latin script. Orthodox Slavs used the Slavic languages for liturgy from 863, firstly in Great Moravia and Bulgaria, while Catholic Slavs (like other Catholics) have only done so since the Counter-Reformation.[citation needed]
States[]
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- Belarus, plurality Eastern Orthodox (Russian Orthodox Church), minority Roman Catholic
- Bosnia and Herzegovina, predominantly Eastern Orthodox (Serbian Orthodox Church), minority Roman Catholic
- Bulgaria, predominantly Eastern Orthodox (Bulgarian Orthodox Church), minority Roman Catholic
- Croatia, predominantly Roman Catholic, minority Eastern Orthodox (Serbian Orthodox Church)
- Czech Republic, traditionally Roman Catholic and Hussite, today mostly irreligious[2]
- Serbia, predominantly Eastern Orthodox (Serbian Orthodox Church), minority Roman Catholic[3]
- Slovakia, predominantly Roman Catholic, minority Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovakia and Slovak Greek Catholic Church
- Slovenia, predominantly Roman Catholic, minority Eastern Orthodox (Serbian Orthodox Church)
- North Macedonia, majority Eastern Orthodox (Ohrid Archbishopric), minority Serbian Orthodox Church
- Montenegro, predominantly Eastern Orthodox (Serbian Orthodox Church), minority Roman Catholic.
- Poland, predominantly Roman Catholic, minority Eastern Orthodox (Polish Orthodox Church)
- Russia, majority Eastern Orthodox (Russian Orthodox Church)
- Ukraine, majority Eastern Orthodox (Ukrainian and Russian), minority Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
See also[]
- Christianization of Bulgaria (864)
- Christianization of Moravia (863)
- Christianization of Serbs (accounted Christian as of about 870[4])
- Christianization of Bohemia (884)
- Christianization of Poland (966)
- Christianization of Kievan Rus' (988)
- Christianization of Pomerania (1124)
- Slavic paganism
- Eastern Orthodoxy in Europe
- Catholic Europe
- Christianisation of the Germanic peoples
Orthodoxy[]
Catholicism[]
See also[]
References[]
- ^ Białous, Mirosław (2016-12-01). "Religion of the Proto-Slavs". Elpis. 0 (18). ISSN 1508-7719.
- ^ (PDF). 2015-02-21 https://web.archive.org/web/20150221184947/http://www.czso.cz/sldb2011/eng/redakce.nsf/i/tab_7_1_population_by_religious_belief_and_by_municipality_size_groups/$File/PVCR071_ENG.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-21. Retrieved 2020-07-11. Missing or empty
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(help) - ^ Doe, John (2017-10-10). "Population: Demographic Situation, Languages and Religions". Eurydice - European Commission. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
- ^ Vlasto 1970, p. 208.
Sources[]
- Berend, Nora, ed. (2007). Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy: Scandinavia, Central Europe and Rus' c. 900–1200. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139468367.
- Betti, Maddalena (2013). The Making of Christian Moravia (858-882): Papal Power and Political Reality. Leiden-Boston: Brill. ISBN 9789004260085.
- Augustine Casiday (2012). The Orthodox Christian World. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-31484-1.
- Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521815390.
- Curta, Florin (2019). Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1300). Leiden and Boston: Brill. ISBN 9789004395190.
- Thomas John Drobena; Wilma Samuella Kucharek (1979). Heritage of the Slavs: The Christianization of the Slavs and the Great Moravian Empire. Kosovo Publishing Company.
- Dvornik, Francis (1962). The Slavs in European History and Civilization. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 9780813507996.
- Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472081497.
- B. Gasparov; Olga Raevsky-Hughes (1995). Christianity and the Eastern Slavs: Slavic cultures in the Middle Ages. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-07945-8.
- Komatina, Predrag (2015). "The Church in Serbia at the Time of Cyrilo-Methodian Mission in Moravia". Cyril and Methodius: Byzantium and the World of the Slavs. Thessaloniki: Dimos. pp. 711–718.
- Moravcsik, Gyula, ed. (1967) [1949]. Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio (2nd revised ed.). Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies. ISBN 9780884020219.
- Špehar, Perica N. (2010). "By Their Fruit you will recognize them - Christianization of Serbia in Middle Ages". Tak więc po owocach poznacie ich. Poznań: Stowarzyszenie naukowe archeologów Polskich. pp. 203–220.
- Špehar, Perica N. (2015). "Remarks to Christianisation and Realms in the Central Balkans in the Light of Archaeological Finds (7th-11th c.)". Castellum, Civitas, Urbs: Centres and Elites in Early Medieval East-Central Europe. Budapest: Verlag Marie Leidorf. pp. 71–93.
- Vlasto, Alexis P. (1970). The Entry of the Slavs into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521074599.
- Živković, Tibor (2007). "The Golden Seal of Stroimir" (PDF). Historical Review. Belgrade: The Institute for History. 55: 23–29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-03-24. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
- Živković, Tibor (2008). Forging unity: The South Slavs between East and West 550-1150. Belgrade: The Institute of History, Čigoja štampa. ISBN 9788675585732.
- Živković, Tibor (2012). De conversione Croatorum et Serborum: A Lost Source. Belgrade: The Institute of History.
- Živković, Tibor (2013). "On the Baptism of the Serbs and Croats in the Time of Basil I (867–886)" (PDF). Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana (1): 33–53.
- Živković, Tibor (2008). Forging unity: The South Slavs between East and West 550-1150. Belgrade: The Institute of History, Čigoja štampa. ISBN 9788675585732.
- Christianization of Europe
- Slavic history
- Slavic culture