Chusquea

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Chusquea
Chusquea quila.jpg
Chusquea quila
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Clade: BOP clade
Subfamily: Bambusoideae
Tribe: Bambuseae
Subtribe: Chusqueinae
Genus: Chusquea
Kunth
Type species

Synonyms[1]
  • Rettbergia Raddi
  • Platonia Kunth, 1829, rejected homonym not Mart. 1832 (Clusiaceae) nor Raf. 1808 (Verbenaceae) nor Raf. 1810 (Cistaceae)[2]
  • Dendragrostis Nees
  • Neurolepis Meisn.
  • Coliquea Steud. ex Bibra
  • Planotia Munro
  • Swallenochloa McClure

Chusquea is a genus of evergreen bamboos in the grass family. Most of them are native to mountain habitats in Latin America, from Mexico to southern Chile and Argentina.

They are sometimes referred to as South American mountain bamboos. Unlike most other grasses, the stems of these species are solid, not hollow. Some animals are, to various extents, associated with stands of Chusquea, for example the Inca wren, monito del monte, and the plushcap.

Notable species[]

Chusquea culeou, the chilean feather bamboo or colihue cane, from southern Chile and adjacent western Argentina, is notable as the most frost-tolerant South American bamboo and the only one that has been grown successfully to any extent in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with successful growth as an ornamental plant north to Scotland. The colihue cane was used by the Mapuches Indians to make instruments and as lances during the War of Arauco.

Chusquea quila (in Spanish quila), in contrast to Colihue, has a spreading or vining growth. It prefers wet places and does not grow above 500 metres (1,600 ft), where C. culeou becomes more dominant. Chusquea quila can form pure stands called quilantales. Very few plants can grow under this species.

Taxonomy[]

The genus Chusquea now includes species formerly classified in Dendragrostis, Rettbergia, Swallenochloa, and Neurolepis. [3] The genus has been organized into three subgenera, subg. Rettbergia, subg. Swallenochloa and subg. Chusquea,[4] although molecular evidence only supports a monophyletic subg. Rettbergia.[5]

Species[1][6][7]
  3. Chusquea albilanata
  14. Chusquea asymmetrica
  30. Chusquea culeou
  36. Chusquea delicatula
  40. Chusquea elata
  41. Chusquea elegans
  44. Chusquea falcata
  50. Chusquea gigantea
  52. Chusquea glomerata
  62. Chusquea laegaardii
  66. Chusquea leonardiorum
  78. Chusquea loxensis
  79. Chusquea maclurei
  89. Chusquea nana
  100. Chusquea perligulata
  113. Chusquea quila
  117. Chusquea rigida
  139. Chusquea subulata
  153. Chusquea villosa

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Tropicos search for Platonia
  3. ^ Fisher, A. E., Triplett, J. K., Ho, C. S., Schiller, A. D., Oltrogge, K. A., Schroder, E. S., ... & Clark, L. G. (2009). Paraphyly in the bamboo subtribe Chusqueinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and a revised infrageneric classification for Chusquea. Systematic Botany, 34(4), 673-683.
  4. ^ Clark, L. G. (1989). Systematics of Chusquea Section Swallenochloa, Section Verticillatae, Section Serpentes, and Section Longifoliae (Poaceae-Bambusoideae). Systematic Botany Monographs, 1-127.
  5. ^ Fisher, A. E., Clark, L. G., & Kelchner, S. A. (2014). Molecular Phylogeny Estimation of the Bamboo Genus Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and Description of Two New Subgenera. Systematic Botany, 39(3).
  6. ^ Clark, L. G. 2000. Chusquea. 39: 36–52. In E. J. Judziewicz, R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, T. S. Filgueiras & F. O. Zuloaga (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): I. Subfamilies Anomochlooideae, Bambusoideae, Ehrhartoideae, and Pharoideae, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
  7. ^ Morales, J. F. 2003. Poaceae. 93(3): 598–821. In B. E. Hammel, M. H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora Villalobos (eds.) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""