Cidaroida
| Cidaroida Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Cidaris cidaris | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Echinoidea |
| Subclass: | Perischoechinoidea |
| Order: | Cidaroida Claus, 1880 |
| Families | |
Cidaroida[1] is an order of primitive sea urchins, the only living order of the subclass Perischoechinoidea. All other orders of this subclass, which were even more primitive than the living forms, became extinct during the Mesozoic.
Description[]
Their primary spines are much more widely separated than in other sea urchins, and they have no buccal slits. Other primitive features include relatively simple plates in the test, and the ambulacral plates continuing as a series across the membrane that surrounds the mouth.
Families[]
According to World Register of Marine Species:[1]
- family Vadet, 1999 †
- super-family Gray, 1825
- family Cidaridae Gray, 1825
- family Ctenocidaridae Mortensen, 1928a
- family Vadet, 1999a †
- family Diplocidaridae Gregory, 1900 †
- family Mortensen, 1934 †
- super-family Lambert, 1900
- family Histocidaridae Lambert, 1900
- family Psychocidaridae Ikeda, 1936
- family Durham & Melville, 1957 †
- family Vadet, 1988 †
- family Lambert, 1900 †
- family Hagdorn, 1995 †
- family Smith, 1994c †
Stylocidaris affinis (Cidaridae)
Notocidaris sp. (Ctenocidaridae)
(, fossil)
(, fossil)
Cidaris blakei, abyssal Caribbean species
Eucidaris tribuloides, shallow Caribbean species
Phyllacanthus imperialis, shallow Indo-Pacific species
Plococidaris verticillata, rare shallow Indo-Pacific species
, from Philippines
Chondrocidaris gigantea, from Hawaii
References[]
Citations[]
- ^ a b Kroh, A.; Hansson, H. (2013). "Cidaroida". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2013-12-31.
Sources[]
- World Register of Marine Species link: Cidaroida Claus, 1880 (+species list)
- Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 980. ISBN 0-03-056747-5.
- National History Museum. "Cidaroida". Retrieved 20 Dec 2009.
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- Cidaroida
- Cisuralian first appearances
- Extant Permian first appearances
- Echinoidea stubs