Cladonia squamosa

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Cladonia squamosa
Cladonia squamosa closeup.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Cladoniaceae
Genus: Cladonia
Species:
C. squamosa
Binomial name
Cladonia squamosa
(Scop.) Hoff. (1796)
Synonyms
  • Baeomyces sparassus Ach. (1803)
  • Cenomyce sparassa (Ach.) Ach. (1814)
  • Cenomyce squamosa (Scop.) Flörke (1819)
  • Cladonia delicata var. subsquamosa Nyl. ex Leight. (1866)
  • Cladonia denticollis (Hoffm.) Fink
  • Cladonia pityrea var. subsquamosa (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. (1886)
  • Cladonia sparassa (Ach.) Hampe (1852)
  • Cladonia sparassa var. denticollis (Hoffm.) M. Choisy (1951)
  • Lichen cornutus var. squamosus (Scop.) K.G. Hagen (1782)
  • Lichen sparassus (Ach.) Sm. (1812)
  • Lichen squamosus Scop. (1772)
  • Schasmaria sparassa (Ach.) Gray (1821)

Cladonia squamosa or the dragon cup lichen[1] is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae.[2]

Description[]

The primary thallus is composed of medium-sized, crenate , approximately 1.5-7mm. long, and 1-5mm. wide. The upper surface is fawn or tan to cinnamon-colored varying toward greenish grey. The apothecia are small, ranging from .5–3 mm. in diameter, and are located on the margin of the cups or at the ends of branches or proliferations. They are fawn to cinnamon-colored. The paraphyses are usually simple, sometimes thickened, and are brownish towards the apex. The hymenium is pale or pale-brownish below and brownish above. The asci are , with a thickened tholus. There are a usually 8 ascospores, which are oblong or oblong-obtuse to fusiform in shape, between 5-17 µm. long and 2.5-3.5 µm. wide. Conidia are falcate and 3-8 µm. long.[3][4]

Range[]

This species is widespread in North America and occasional in the Pacific Northwest.[5][failed verification]

Cladonia squamosa

Habitat[]

"Cladonia squamosa is widespread on soil, mosses and humus covered rocks in mature and open woods in most of eastern United States and Canada" [6]

Biochemistry[]

Secondary metabolites of Cladonia squamosa include , , , as well as various unknown or unidentified terpenes and/or terpenoids.[4][7]

References[]

  1. ^ "Standardized Common Names for Wild Species in Canada". National General Status Working Group. 2020.
  2. ^ "Dragon Horn (Cladonia squamosa)". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2021-03-27.
  3. ^ Fink, Bruce (1907). Further Notes on Cladonias. IX. Cladonia squamosa and Cladonia subsquamosa. The Bryologist , Mar., 1907, Vol. 10, No. 2 (Mar., 1907), pp. 21-23. American Bryological and Lichenological Society.
  4. ^ a b "LIAS light - Item Descriptions". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  5. ^ McClune, B.; Geiser, L. (1997). Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press. p. 386. ISBN 0-87071-394-9.
  6. ^ Flenniken, D. G. The Macrolichens in West Virginia. Carlisle Printing.
  7. ^ Culberson, Chicita F. (1970), Supplement to "Chemical and Botanical Guide to Lichen Products" The Bryologist , Summer, 1970, Vol. 73, No. 2 (Summer, 1970) p. 257, American Bryological and Lichenological Society

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