Clionaidae

Clionaidae
	Modern clionaid borings in an oyster shell
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Demospongiae
Order:	Clionaida
Family:	Clionaidae; d’Orbigny, 1851
Genera
	See text
Synonyms
	Clionidae d'Orbigny, 1851;

Clionaidae is a family of demosponges which are found worldwide.^[1] This family is known for parasitically boring holes in calcareous material such as mollusc shells and corals, using both chemical and mechanical processes.^[2]^[3]

Genera[]

Genera within this family include:^[1]

Rützler & Hooper, 2000
Cliona Grant, 1826
Rützler, 2002
Topsent, 1905
Carter, 1880
Gray, 1867
Sollas, 1888
Spheciospongia Marshall, 1892
Topsent, 1896
Rosell & Uriz, 1997

References[]

^ ^a ^b van Soest, R. (2013). "Clionaidae d'Orbigny, 1851". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved September 30, 2013.
^ Brusca, R.C. & Brusca, G.J. 2002. Invertebrates Second Edition Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-097-3
^ Hooper J.N & van Soest R.W.M.(eds). 2002. Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York

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[WoRMS-1] van Soest, R. (2013). "Clionaidae d'Orbigny, 1851". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved September 30, 2013.

[Brusca_2002-2] Brusca, R.C. & Brusca, G.J. 2002. Invertebrates Second Edition Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-097-3

[3] Hooper J.N & van Soest R.W.M.(eds). 2002. Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York

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