Colemak

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Colemak keyboard layout (US)

Colemak is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets, designed to make typing more efficient and comfortable by placing the most frequently used letters of the English language on the home row.[1] Created in 2006, it is named after its inventor, Shai Coleman.

Most major modern operating systems such as Mac OS, Linux, Android, Chrome OS, and BSD support Colemak natively. A program to install the layout is available for Microsoft Windows.[2] On Android and iOS, the layout is offered by several virtual keyboard apps like GBoard and SwiftKey,[3] as well as by many apps which support physical keyboards directly.[4][5]

Overview[]

Diagram of English letter frequencies on Colemak
Diagram of English letter frequencies on QWERTY

The Colemak layout was designed with the QWERTY layout as a base, changing the positions of 17 keys while retaining the QWERTY positions of most non-alphabetic characters and many popular keyboard shortcuts, supposedly making it easier to learn than Dvorak layout for people who already type in QWERTY without losing efficiency. It shares several design goals with the Dvorak layout, such as minimizing finger path distance and making heavy use of the home row.[6] 74% of typing is done on the home row compared to 70% for Dvorak and 32% for QWERTY.[7] The default Colemak layout lacks a Caps Lock key; an additional Backspace key occupies the typical position of Caps Lock on modern keyboards.[1]

Coleman states that he designed Colemak to be easy to learn, explaining that Dvorak is hard for QWERTY typists to learn due to it being so different from the QWERTY layout.[8] The layout has attracted media attention as an alternative to Dvorak for improving typing speed and comfort with an alternate keyboard layout.[7][9][10][11]

Variants[]

A series of intermediate layouts known as Tarmak have been created with the intention of making it easier for new users to adopt the layout.[10] The layouts change only 3–5 keys at a time in a series of 5 steps.[12]

Colemak has been criticised for placing too much emphasis on the middle-row center-column keys (D and H) leading to lateral finger stretches for certain common English bigrams such as HE. Some find these awkward. The Colemak user community developed a modified version of Colemak named Colemak-DH, to address these concerns.[13]

The Colemak community has created several other modifications and variants; some of these are not directly related to Colemak but would work on other layouts as well. The web site "DreymaR's Big Bag of Keyboard Tricks" holds info on such mods and tools and their implementations as well as other typing-related topics, centered around but not limited to the Colemak layout.[14]

References[]

  1. ^ a b "Colemak keyboard layout". Retrieved 2011-08-29.
  2. ^ "Colemak keyboard layout". Colemak. Retrieved 2013-02-23. ergonomic, fast and easy to learn QWERTY/Dvorak alternative
  3. ^ "How do I change the keyboard layout (e.g. QWERTY to AZERTY) with Microsoft SwiftKey Keyboard for Android? – SwiftKey Support". Retrieved 2020-09-25. Supported layouts include [...] Colemak
  4. ^ "Extra Physical Keyboard Layouts". Retrieved 2020-09-25. Adds a few choices to the list of layouts to use when a physical keyboard is connected e.g. via OTG or Bluetooth.
  5. ^ "mod-dh/android at master · ColemakMods/mod-dh". GitHub. Retrieved 2020-09-25. Colemak Mod-DH layouts for a physical keyboard connected to an Android device via USB or Bluetooth
  6. ^ Krzywinski, Martin. "Colemak – Popular Alternative". Carpalx keyboard layout optimizer. Canada: Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre. Retrieved 2010-02-04.
  7. ^ a b Dunn, Matthew (2017-11-30). "Why you should ditch the QWERTY keyboard layout for one of two other options". news.com.au. Retrieved 2018-02-09.
  8. ^ Coleman, Shai. "What's wrong with the Dvorak layout". Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  9. ^ Klosowski, Thorin (2013-10-18). "Should I Use an Alternative Keyboard Layout Like Dvorak?". Lifehacker. Retrieved 2018-02-09.
  10. ^ a b Zukerman, Erez (2012-06-08). "How I Quickly Mastered A Superior Keyboard Layout Without Losing Productivity". Makeuseof. Retrieved 2018-02-09.
  11. ^ "Why we can't give up this odd way of typing".
  12. ^ "The Tarmak Transitional Learning Layouts". DreymaR's Big Bag – Tarmak. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
  13. ^ "Colemak Mod-DH". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2020-07-28.
  14. ^ "DreymaR's Big Bag of Keyboard Tricks". DreymaR's Big Bag – Index. Retrieved 2022-01-25.

External links[]

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