Colias erate

Eastern pale clouded yellow
	C. e. poliographus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Pieridae
Genus:	Colias
Species:	C. erate
Binomial name
	Colias erate; (Esper, 1805)
Synonyms
	Papilio erate Esper, 1803; Colias electo ab. kostlani Strand, 1911; Colias erate marnoana f. solilucis Berger, 1953; Colias erate marnoana f. androides Storace, 1956; Colias neriene Fischer von Waldheim, 1823; Colias afghana O. Bang-Haas, 1927; Colias albida Rühl, 1893; Colias androconiata Jachontov, 1910; Colias beckeri Gerhard, 1882; Colias erate edusoides Verity, 1908; Colias erate benesignata Sheljuzhko, 1913; Colias chryseis Röber, 1907; Colias chrysodona Boisduval, 1840; Colias chrysohyaleoides Verity, 1908; Colias chrysopallida Verity, 1908; Colias chrysothemoides Verity, 1908; Colias citronea Mezger, 1932; Colias conjuncta Verity, 1908; Colias costaenigrata Mezger, 1932; Colias diffusa Verity, 1908; Colias flavomaculata Mezger, 1932; Colias garica Verity, 1911; Colias helichta Lederer, 1853; Colias helichta Talbot, 1935; Colias erate erate f. androconiata Jachontov, 1910; Colias hyaleoides Grum-Grshimailo, 1890; Colias erate ab. maculigena Avinoff, 1910; Colias pallida Staudinger, 1861; Colias parva Rühl, 1893; Colias semifaillaei Pionneau, 1928; Colias unimaculata Pionneau, 1928; Colias chrysocoma Grum-Grshimailo, 1893; Colias hera Grum-Grshimailo, 1893; Colias erate gigantea Verity, 1911; Colias erate tania Hemming, 1933; Colias glicia Fruhstorfer, 1910; Colias kachgarica Verity, 1911; Colias poliographus Motschulsky, 1860; Colias simoda de l'Orza, 1869; Colias immamis Verity, 1911; Colias murina Fruhstorfer, 1910; Colias napata Fruhstorfer, 1910; Colias pyxagathus Fruhstorfer, 1910; Colias hyale zuzuki Matsumura, 1908; Colias tokotana Bryk, 1942;

Colias erate, the eastern pale clouded yellow, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found from south-eastern Europe, through Turkey over central Asia up to Japan and Taiwan. To the south, its range stretches to Somalia and Ethiopia. The species was first described by Eugenius Johann Christoph Esper in 1805.^[1] ^[2]

The wingspan is 23–26 mm. The butterfly flies in May to September in two generations.

The larvae feed on various Fabaceae species, such as Medicago sativa and Medicago, Trifolium, Onobrychis and Melilotus species.

Subspecies[]

C. e. erate (Ukraine, Turkey, Lebanon, Bulgaria, Romania, Macedonia, Greece, Hungary, Austria, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kirhizia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan)
C. e. amdensis Verity, 1911 (China: Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan)
C. e. marnoana Rogenhofer, 1884 (Sudan, Ethiopia, south-western Arabia)
C. e. sinensis Verity, 1911 (Mandschuria, North Korea)
C. e. formosana Shirôzu, 1955 (Taiwan)
C. e. lativitta Moore, 1882 (Nepal, northern India)
C. e. poliographus Motschulsky, 1860 (Mongolia, Japan, Amur, Ussuri, Sakhalin, Tian Shan)
C. e. tomarias Bryk, 1942 (Kuriles)
C. e. naukratis Fruhstorfer, 1909 (Altai, southern Siberia, Transbaikalia)
C. e. nilagiriensis C. & R. Felder, 1859 (southern India)

Description[]

Frederic Moore (1882) gives a detailed description for C. e. lativitta:

Male. Yellow: fore wing with a broad unspotted blackish band,the inner border of which is angulated inward at the upper median vein; the band very sparsely yellow-speckled on the anterior veins; discocellular spot large, black: hind wing with a broad blackish crenulated band and a large orange-yellow discocellular spot. Underside olivaceous yellow: fore wing with a black discocellular spot and a distinct discal row of spots: hind wing with a moderate-sized dull pearly-white red-bordered discocellular spot.
Female. Yellow, or white; the band on fore wing broader than in male, and with not very prominent upper and lower yellow spots; the discocellular spot distinct: hind wing darker, with broad marginal band traversed inwardly by large ill-defined yellow spots; discocellular spot brighter red.
Expanse 1 5/8 to 2 2/8 inches.
— Frederic Moore^[3]

Gallery[]

C. e. erate Ventral view (male)
C. e. erate Dorsal view (male)
C. e. erate Ventral view (female)
From Japan
Feeding on nectar of Rhododendron albrechtii

Cited references[]

^ Savela, Markku. "Colias erate (Esper, 1805)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
^ Varshney, R.K.; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 23. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moore, Frederic (1882). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. p. 255.

External links[]

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[funet-1] Savela, Markku. "Colias erate (Esper, 1805)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 1, 2018.

[Smetacek-2] Varshney, R.K.; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 23. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.

[Moore-3] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moore, Frederic (1882). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. p. 255.

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[2]

[3]

Eastern pale clouded yellow

C. e. poliographus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Pieridae
Genus:	Colias
Species:	C. erate
Binomial name
*Colias erate* (Esper, 1805)
Synonyms
Papilio erate Esper, 1803 Colias electo ab. kostlani Strand, 1911 Colias erate marnoana f. solilucis Berger, 1953 Colias erate marnoana f. androides Storace, 1956 Colias neriene Fischer von Waldheim, 1823 Colias afghana O. Bang-Haas, 1927 Colias albida Rühl, 1893 Colias androconiata Jachontov, 1910 Colias beckeri Gerhard, 1882 Colias erate edusoides Verity, 1908 Colias erate benesignata Sheljuzhko, 1913 Colias chryseis Röber, 1907 Colias chrysodona Boisduval, 1840 Colias chrysohyaleoides Verity, 1908 Colias chrysopallida Verity, 1908 Colias chrysothemoides Verity, 1908 Colias citronea Mezger, 1932 Colias conjuncta Verity, 1908 Colias costaenigrata Mezger, 1932 Colias diffusa Verity, 1908 Colias flavomaculata Mezger, 1932 Colias garica Verity, 1911 Colias helichta Lederer, 1853 Colias helichta Talbot, 1935 Colias erate erate f. androconiata Jachontov, 1910 Colias hyaleoides Grum-Grshimailo, 1890 Colias erate ab. maculigena Avinoff, 1910 Colias pallida Staudinger, 1861 Colias parva Rühl, 1893 Colias semifaillaei Pionneau, 1928 Colias unimaculata Pionneau, 1928 Colias chrysocoma Grum-Grshimailo, 1893 Colias hera Grum-Grshimailo, 1893 Colias erate gigantea Verity, 1911 Colias erate tania Hemming, 1933 Colias glicia Fruhstorfer, 1910 Colias kachgarica Verity, 1911 Colias poliographus Motschulsky, 1860 Colias simoda de l'Orza, 1869 Colias immamis Verity, 1911 Colias murina Fruhstorfer, 1910 Colias napata Fruhstorfer, 1910 Colias pyxagathus Fruhstorfer, 1910 Colias hyale zuzuki Matsumura, 1908 Colias tokotana Bryk, 1942