Cymatoderma

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Cymatoderma
Cymatoderma caperatum 426938.jpg
Cymatoderma caperatum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Family:
Meruliaceae
Genus:
Cymatoderma

Jungh. (1840)[1]
Type species
Cymatoderma elegans
Jungh. (1840)
Synonyms[5]
  • Cladoderris Pers. ex Berk. (1842)[2]
  • Actinostroma Klotzsch (1843)
  • Beccariella Ces. (1879)[3]
  • Beccaria Massee (1892)[4]

Cymatoderma is a widely distributed genus of poroid fungi in the family Meruliaceae.

Description[]

The fruit bodies of Cymatoderma fungi are typically funnel-shaped, fan-shaped, or semicircular. Fruit bodies growing next to each other can fuse together. The upper surface of the cap often has sharp ridges, although in some species this is partially obscured by a thick tomentum with a texture like felt. The fertile surface of the hymenium (spore-bearing surface) is generally covered with folds, undulations, or ridges, which can be in turn by smooth, warted, or spiky. The stipe ranges from well-developed in some species to barely present in others.[6]

Taxonomy[]

Cymatoderma was circumscribed by botanist Friedrich Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn in 1842, with Cymatoderma elegans as the type species.[1] , originally described by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon as Thelephora dendritica in 1827,[7] is perhaps the earliest description of any Cymatoderma in the literature.[8] In 1842, Miles Joseph Berkeley transferred Thelephora dendritica to the genus Cladoderris.[2] Despite Junghuhn's earlier publication, this species became more commonly (and incorrectly) referred to as Cladoderris dendritica in its early history. This led to a number of synonyms created and a confusing taxonomy. It did not help that the type material of several species, located in the Berlin herbarium, was destroyed during the Second World War.[8] Marinus Anton Donk proposed to conserve the more popular name Cladoderris against the earlier Cymatoderma, but this was rejected by the authorities on Fungus nomenclature.[6] Today, the name Cladoderris is placed in synonymy with Cymatoderma, as well as the names Actinostroma, Beccariella, and Beccaria.[5]

Classification[]

Cymatoderma has traditionally been classified in the family Meruliaceae.[9] Molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that Cymatoderma is polyphyletic, with some species related to Podoscypha, and another group, including the type species, grouped together in a distant location in the residual clade of the Polyporales.[10] In a recently proposed family-level classification of the Polyporales, Alfredo Justo and colleagues proposed to include these latter Cymatoderma species (sensu stricto) in the new family . Species closely related to Podoscypha, including and , are better classified in the family Podoscyphaceae.[11]

Species[]

Cymatoderma elegans

A 2008 estimate placed nine species in the genus.[9] As of June 2018, Index Fungorum accepts 14 species in Cymatoderma:[12]

  • Boidin (1960)[13] – Cameroon; Ivory Coast; Zambia
  • (Lév.) D.A.Reid (1959) – Indonesia
  • Cymatoderma caperatum (Berk. & Mont.) D.A.Reid (1956) – Australia; North America; South America
  • (Pers.) D.A.Reid (1959) – Africa; South America; Papua New Guinea
  • Cymatoderma elegans Jungh. (1840) – Africa; South America; Papua New Guinea
  • (Cooke) D.A.Reid (1959)
  • Z.T.Guo (1986) – China
  • (Klotzsch) Boidin (1959)[14] – Philippines; Sierra Leone
  • Berthet & Boidin (1966)[15] – Cameroon
  • (Lloyd) D.A.Reid (1959)
  • (Lloyd) D.A.Reid (1959)
  • (A.L.Welden) A.L.Welden (2010)
  • D.A.Reid (1965)[16] – South America
  • (Lloyd) A.L.Welden (2010)

An earlier member of this genus, Cymatoderma cristatum, has since been transferred to Podoscypha as .

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Junghuhn, F.W. (1840). "Nova genera et species plantarum florae javanicae". Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie (in Latin). 7: 285–317.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Berkeley, M.J. (1842). "Enumeration of fungi, collected by H. Cuming, Esq. F.L.S. in the Philippine Islands". London Journal of Botany. 1 (3): 142–157.
  3. ^ Cesati, V. (1879). "Mycetum in itinere Borneensi lectorum". Atti dell'Accademia di Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche Napoli (in Latin). 8 (8): 1–28.
  4. ^ Massee, G.E. (1892). British Fungus-Flora. 1. London, UK: George Bell & Sons. p. 145.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b "Synonymy: Cymatoderma Jungh". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Reid, D.A. (1958). "The genus Cymatoderma Jungh. (Cladoderris)". Kew Bulletin. 13 (3): 518–530. doi:10.2307/4118133. JSTOR 4118133.
  7. ^ Gaudichaud-Beaupré, C. (1827). "Voyage autour du Monde, Entrepis par Ordre du Roi, Exécuté sur les Corvettes de S.M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne". Botanique (Nagpur) (in French). 5: 176.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Welden, A.L. (1960). "The genus Cymatoderma (Thelephoraceae) in the Americas". Mycologia. 52 (6): 856–876. doi:10.2307/3755848. JSTOR 3755848.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Kirk, P.M.; Cannon, P.F.; Minter, D.W.; Stalpers, J.A. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
  10. ^ Sjökvist, Elisabet; Larsson, Ellen; Eberhardt, Ursula; Ryvarden, Leif; Larsson, Karl-Henrik (2012). "Stipitate stereoid basidiocarps have evolved multiple times". Mycologia. 104 (5): 1046–1055. doi:10.3852/11-174. PMID 22492407.
  11. ^ Justo, Alfredo; Miettinen, Otto; Floudas, Dimitrios; Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz; Sjökvist, Elisabet; Lindner, Daniel; Nakasone, Karen; Niemelä, Tuomo; Larsson, Karl-Henrik; Ryvarden, Leif; Hibbett, David S. (2017). "A revised family-level classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota)". Fungal Biology. 121 (9): 798–824. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.010. PMID 28800851.
  12. ^ Kirk, P.M. "Species Fungorum (version 31st May 2018). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2018-06-03.
  13. ^ Boidin, J. (1960). "Le genre Stereum Pers. s.l. au Congo belge". Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'État à Bruxelles (in French). 30 (3): 283–355. doi:10.2307/3667306.
  14. ^ Boidin, J. (1959). "Hétérobasidiomycèstes saprophytes et Homobasidiomycètes résupinés: VI. Essai sur le genre Stereum sensu lato". Revue de Mycologie (in French). 24: 197–225.
  15. ^ Berthet, P.; Boidin, J. (1966). "Observations sur quelques Hyménomycètes récoltés en République Camerounaise". Cahiers de la Maboké (in French). 4 (1): 27–54.
  16. ^ Reid, D.A. (1965). "A monograph of the stipitate stereoid fungi". Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia. 18: 132. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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