Driss Chraïbi
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Driss Chraïbi | |
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| Born | July 15, 1926 El Jadida, Morocco |
| Died | April 1, 2007 (aged 80) Crest, France |
| Occupation | Novelist |
| Language | French |
| Nationality | Moroccan |
| Period | 1954–2004 |
| Moroccan literature |
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| Moroccan writers |
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| Criticism and awards |
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Driss Chraïbi (July 15, 1926 in El Jadida – April 1, 2007 in Drôme, France) was a Moroccan author whose novels deal with colonialism, culture clashes, generational conflict and the treatment of women and are often semi-autobiographical.[1]
Born in El Jadida and educated in Casablanca, Chraïbi went to Paris in 1946 to study chemistry before turning to literature and journalism.
Life[]
Driss Chraïbi was born to a merchant family in French Morocco, he was raised in Rabat then Casablanca. He attended a French high school in Casablanca and the Koranic school before joining the M'hammed Guessous School in Rabat then the Lycée Lyautey in Casablanca, followed by university in Paris, where he earned a degree in chemical engineering.[2][3] In 1950, he obtained his engineering degree, then he became interested in neuropsychiatry before turning to literature and journalism.[3] He produces programs for France Culture, frequents poets, teaches Maghrebian literature at Laval University in Quebec and devotes himself to writing. He married Catherine Birckel in 1955 with whom he had five children.
He became known through his first two novels, "Le Passé simple" (1954) and "Les Boucs" (1955) of rare violence, and which generated a great controversy in Morocco, in the struggle for its independence.
A page turns with the death of his father in 1957. The writer, in exile in France, goes beyond the revolt against his father and establishes a new dialogue with him beyond the grave and the ocean in "Open Succession" ( 1962). "Civilization, my Mother! ..." (1972) attempts to provide an answer to the questions of the Moroccan writer.
He is Moroccan novelist, dramatist, and radio producer and commentator.
Chraïbi was educated first in a Qurʾānic school and then in a French school in Casablanca. In 1946 he went to Paris to study chemical engineering, receiving a degree in 1950, after which he did graduate work in psychoneurosis, only to abandon science just before receiving a doctorate.[4]
Awards[]
He was awarded the Prixde l’Afrique Méditerranéenne in 1973 and the Franco-Arab Friendship Award in 1981.[2]
Works[]
His first novel, The Simple Past, was published in 1954.
Other works by Driss Chraïbi:
- Butts (1955) - Les Boucs (1955; The Butts) shifted the author’s accusatory finger from a paternalistic Islamic formalism to the oppressed condition of many North Africans living in France.[5]
- From All Horizons (1956)
- The Donkey (1965) and The Crowd (1961); both confront the inadequacies of the newly independent Third World countries, as well as the failings of European civilization.[4]
- Heirs to the Past (1962)
- The Ass (1965)
- A Friend Is Coming to See You (1966), The weaknesses of Western values appear most noticeably in Un Ami viendra vous voir (1966; “”), in which Chraïbi combines the themes of insanity, violence, and the oppression of women.[4]
- Mother Comes of Age (1972)
- The Flutes of Death (1981)
- The Mother of Springtime (1982)
- Birth at Dawn (1986)
- Inspector Ali (1991)
Chraïbi wrote two children's books.
Death[]
He died in southeastern Drôme, France in April 1, 2007 and was buried in Casablanca.[2]
References[]
- ^ Pushpa Naidu Parekh; Siga Fatima Jagne (1998). Postcolonial African Writers: A Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-313-29056-5.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Driss Chraïbi". New York Review Books. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Driss Chraibi". Babelio (in French). Retrieved 2021-07-07.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Driss Chraïbi | Moroccan writer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
- ^ Shatz, Adam. "Driss Chraïbi & the Novel Morocco Had to Ban | by Adam Shatz". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
External links[]
Media related to Driss Chraïbi at Wikimedia Commons
- Driss Chraibi @ bibliomonde.com (in French)
- Moroccan-French novelist Driss Chraibi dies, April 2, 2007, CBC Arts
- Audio Book (mp3): Incipit of 'Les Boucs' (Butts) (in French)
- Interview with Driss Chraïbi (in Spanish)
- Driss Chraibi biography @ britannica.com
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- 1926 births
- People from El Jadida
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- Moroccan children's writers
- Moroccan writers in French
- 20th-century Moroccan writers
- 21st-century Moroccan writers
- Université Laval faculty
- Moroccan novelists
- 20th-century novelists
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- Male novelists
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- Moroccan expatriates in France