Endoribonuclease XendoU
| XendoU | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 the structure of xendou: a splicing independent snorna processing endoribonuclease | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | XendoU | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF09412 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR018998 | ||||||||
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In molecular biology, Endoribonuclease XendoU refers to a protein domain. This particular entry represents endoribonucleases involved in RNA biosynthesis which has been named XendoU in Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog). This protein domain belongs to a family of evolutionarily related proteins. XendoU is a U-specific metal dependent enzyme that produces products with a 2'-3' cyclic phosphate termini.
Function[]
The endonuclease, XendoU, is highly involved in the biosynthesis of a specific subclass of Xenopus laevis encoded small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA) which are a large family of non-coding RNAs with essential roles in ribosome biogenesis. Most snoRNAs are encoded in introns and are released through the . Others, instead, produced by an alternative pathway consisting of processing of . XendoU, is the endoribonuclease responsible for this activity.[1]
The XendoU-RNA complex is manganese (Mn2+)-independent. This infers that RNA binding and processing activities can be functionally separated since ions are essential for cleavage.[2]
Structure[]
XendoU is a single-domain protein with roughly globular shape. It contains nine alpha helices and three antiparallel beta sheets; the latter are clustered on one side of the protein.[1]
Homology[]
XendoU has no to any known cellular RNase. However, it has sequence similarity with proteins tentatively annotated as serine proteases.[2]
References[]
- ^ a b Renzi F, Caffarelli E, Laneve P, Bozzoni I, Brunori M, Vallone B (2006). "The structure of the endoribonuclease XendoU: From small nucleolar RNA processing to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 103 (33): 12365–70. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10312365R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0602426103. PMC 1567885. PMID 16895992.
- ^ a b Gioia U, Laneve P, Dlakic M, Arceci M, Bozzoni I, Caffarelli E (2005). "Functional characterization of XendoU, the endoribonuclease involved in small nucleolar RNA biosynthesis". J Biol Chem. 280 (19): 18996–9002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M501160200. PMID 15755742.
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- Protein domains