Engelberg Abbey

show This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (December 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 6,532 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Kloster Engelberg]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|de|Kloster Engelberg}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Engelberg Abbey Kloster Engelberg
1236–1602 / 1798
Coat of arms
Modern municipality of Engelberg, within Obwalden
Status	Imperial Abbey
Capital	Engelberg Abbey
Common languages	Highest Alemannic
Government	Theocracy
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Founded	1120
• Gained immediacy     under the Holy See	1124 1236
• Gained jurisdiction     over local villages	1236
• Swiss Congregation created	1602
• Annexed by Helv. Rep.	1798
Preceded by Succeeded by St. Blaise's Abbey in the Black Forest Canton of Waldstätten

In the courtyard of Engelberg Abbey

Engelberg Abbey (German: Kloster Engelberg) is a Benedictine monastery in Engelberg, Canton of Obwalden, Switzerland. It was formerly in the Diocese of Constance, but is now in the Diocese of Chur. It is dedicated to Our Lady of the Angels and occupies a commanding position at the head of the Nidwalden Valley.

History[]

The Abbey in winter

Founded in 1120 by Count Conrad of Seldenburen, with the first abbot being Adelhelm, a monk of Muri Abbey, under whom the founder himself received the habit and ended his days there as a monk. Numerous and extensive rights and privileges were granted to the new monastery by various popes and emperors, amongst the earliest of these being Pope Callistus II in 1124, and the Emperor Henry IV. The abbey was placed under the immediate jurisdiction of the Holy See, where it remained until 1602. In the founding documents, the new abbey was known as Mons Angelorum and Engilberc.^[1] Adelhelm, abbot until 1126, was followed by three disputed abbots which divided the community. They were followed by three abbots from St. Blaise's Abbey in the Black Forest, Frowin (1143/47-1178), Berchtold (1178-1197) and Henry (1197-1223). Under these abbots, the abbey flourished and a scriptorium was founded. Around 1200 the Engelberger Meister wrote and illustrated several books from the scriptorium.^[2]

In spiritual matters the abbots of Engelberg exercised quasi-episcopal jurisdiction over all their vassals and dependents, including the town which sprang up around the walls of the abbey, and also enjoyed the right of collation to all the parishes of the Canton. In temporal matters they had supreme and absolute authority over a large territory, embracing one hundred and fifteen towns and villages, which were incorporated under the abbatial rule by a Bull of Pope Gregory IX in 1236. These and other rights they enjoyed until the French Revolution, in 1798, when most of them were taken away. The prominent position in Switzerland which the abbey occupied for so many centuries was seriously threatened by the religious and political disturbances of the Reformation period, especially by the rapid spread of the teachings of Zwingli, and for a time its privileges suffered some curtailment.

The troubles and vicissitudes, however, through which it passed, were happily brought to an end by the wise rule of Abbot Benedict Sigrist in the 17th century, who is justly called the restorer of his monastery. Alienated possessions and rights were recovered by him and the good work he began was continued by his successors, under whom monastic discipline and learning have flourished with renewed vigour. The library, which is said to have contained over twenty thousand volumes and two hundred choice manuscripts, was unfortunately pillaged by the French in 1798. Ironically, in the spirit of learning and preservation of knowledge, the library contains to this day a complete set of the writings of Martin Luther. The abbey buildings were almost entirely destroyed by fire in 1729 but were rebuilt in a substantial, if not very beautiful, style and so remain to the present day.

In 1873 a colony from Engelberg founded Conception Abbey, at Conception, Missouri in the United States; in 1882, Mount Angel Abbey was founded near what is now Mount Angel, Oregon, also in the United States.

William Wordsworth wrote a poem about the abbey entitled "Engelberg, The Hill of Angels".

Educational institutions of the monastery[]

Since 1851, there exists the Boarding School of the Abbey Engelberg, which was first performed by a secular rector since 2009. 2001, the Academia Engelberg Foundation was founded.

References and external links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Engelberg Abbey.

• Engelberg Abbey in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
• Abbey Engelberg (in German)
• Boarding School of the Abbey Engelberg
• Engelberg, The Hill of Angels
• Mount Angel Abbey (JPEG image), a daughter abbey to Engelberg

Specific

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Missing or empty |title= (help)

Coordinates: 46°49′14″N 8°24′35″E / 46.82056°N 8.40972°E / 46.82056; 8.40972