Erythroxylum

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Erythroxylum
Erythroxylum monogynum Alwis.jpg
Erythroxylum monogynum
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Erythroxylaceae
Genus: Erythroxylum
P. Browne
Species

250+, see text

Erythroxylum (Erythroxylon) is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the substance cocaine;[1][2] Erythroxylum coca, a native of South America, is the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, Erythroxylum vaccinifolium (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine.

Erythroxylum species are food sources for the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including several Morpho species and Dalcera abrasa, which has been recorded on E. deciduum, and the species of Agrias.

Species[]

Fruits of

As of 2021, Kew's Plants of the World Online listed 259 species:[3]​

  • W.A.Gentner
  • Ruiz & Pav.
  • W.A.Gentner
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • A.Rich.
  • Peyr.
  • Baill.
  • Benth.
  • Baker
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Plowman
  • Loiola
  • Mart.
  • Tardieu
  • Diogo
  • L.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Oviedo & Borhidi
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Erythroxylum australe F.Muell.
  • Loiola & M.F.Sales
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Oviedo
  • Rusby
  • Borhidi
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Standl.
  • Mart.
  • Plowman
  • O.E.Schulz
  • H.Perrier
  • Baill.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • D'Arcy & Schanen
  • DC.
  • Lam.
  • Peyr.
  • Plowman
  • Komada & Tagane
  • Erythroxylum cambodianum Pierre
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • Amaral
  • (Plowman) Costa-Lima
  • Jacq.
  • Planch. & Linden
  • Spruce ex Peyr.
  • Amaral
  • Mart.
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • Borhidi
  • Erythroxylum coca Lam.
  • Mart.
  • Jara
  • Mart.
  • Peyr.
  • Britton
  • Huber
  • Britton & P.Wilson
  • Boivin ex Baill.
  • Guillaumin
  • (Miq.) Kurz
  • (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
  • Mart.
  • Mart.
  • D'Arcy & Schanen
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • (Engl.) O.E.Schulz
  • Schinz
  • Rusby
  • Plowman ex Jara
  • Bojer
  • Mart.
  • Peyr.
  • Oviedo
  • Alain
  • Erythroxylum ecarinatum Hochr.
  • Baill.
  • Erythroxylum ellipticum R.Br. ex Benth.
  • Thonn.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Cav.
  • Peyr.
  • Baker
  • Engl.
  • Borhidi
  • Plowman
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • Peyr.
  • Jara
  • Baker
  • O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Peyr.
  • Peyr.
  • Peyr.
  • Plowman
  • Lundell
  • O.E.Schulz
  • W.A.Gentner
  • Jacq.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Kunth
  • Borhidi & Oviedo
  • Lam.
  • Plowman
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Erythroxylum incrassatum O.E.Schulz
  • Jara
  • Erythroxylum jamaicense Fawc. & Rendle
  • Peyr.
  • Erythroxylum kochummenii Ng
  • O.E.Schulz
  • (Wight) Walp.
  • Bojer
  • Peyr.
  • Baill.
  • Erythroxylum laurifolium Lam.
  • Plowman
  • Payens
  • Huber
  • O.E.Schulz
  • DC.
  • Plowman
  • DC.
  • Diogo
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Loiola & M.F.Sales
  • Plowman
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Mart.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Miq.
  • Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav.
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • Mart.
  • H.Perrier
  • Oliv.
  • Plowman
  • Peyr.
  • Plowman
  • Plowman
  • Kunth
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • Peyr.
  • Griseb.
  • DC.
  • Oviedo
  • Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb.
  • Hochr.
  • Benth.
  • Mart.
  • Bojer
  • Plowman
  • Baker
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Costa-Lima, Loiola & M.Alves
  • Baill.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Erythroxylum novogranatense (D.Morris) Hieron.
  • Peyr.
  • Erythroxylum obtusifolium (Wight) Hook.f.
  • Plowman
  • Mart.
  • Rusby
  • (O.E.Schulz ex Pilg.) Steyerm. & Maguire
  • Kunth
  • Peyr.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Erythroxylum pacificum D.R.Simpson
  • Turcz.
  • (Chodat & Hassl.) O.E.Schulz
  • Peyr.
  • Mart.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Rusby
  • Plowman
  • (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • Baill.
  • Plowman
  • E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.
  • Bojer
  • Cogollo & Pipoly
  • Mart.
  • Kunth
  • O.E.Schulz
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Costa-Lima
  • Baker
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Northr.
  • Mart.
  • Costa-Lima
  • Baill.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • T.Araújo & Amorim
  • Jara & J.D.García-Gonz.
  • Britton & P.Wilson
  • Klotzsch ex O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Lunan
  • Erythroxylum rufum Cav.
  • Erythroxylum ruizii Peyr.
  • Plowman
  • Plowman
  • R.C.K.Chung
  • Peyr.
  • Plowman
  • Erythroxylum sechellarum O.E.Schulz
  • H.Perrier
  • J.F.Macbr.
  • Lam.
  • Plowman
  • Y.C.Wu
  • Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro
  • Erythroxylum socotranum Thulin
  • Baker
  • H.Perrier
  • Plowman
  • Peyr.
  • Sw.
  • Costa-Lima
  • Plowman
  • Plowman
  • H.Perrier
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Peyr.
  • A.St.-Hil., A.Juss. & Cambess.
  • Mart. ex Peyr.
  • Turcz.
  • A.St.-Hil.
  • (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Costa-Lima
  • Plowman
  • Plowman
  • Loiola & M.F.Sales
  • Mart.
  • Plowman
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Costa-Lima & M.Alves
  • Costa-Lima
  • Plowman
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Erythroxylum vaccinifolium Mart.
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Plowman
  • O.E.Schulz
  • Mart.
  • Standl. ex Plowman
  • H.Perrier
  • N.Robson
  • Erythroxylum zeylanicum O.E.Schulz

References[]

  1. ^ Dr Duke's List of plants containing COCAINE "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2004-11-07. Retrieved 2004-11-07.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ Bieri S, Brachet A, Veuthey J, Christen P. Cocaine distribution in wild Erythroxylum species. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2006; 103: 439-447. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.021
  3. ^ "Erythroxylum P.Browne". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 8 January 2021.


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