Escobaria

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Escobaria
Escobaria vivipara var radiosa.jpg
Escobaria vivipara var. radiosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Core eudicots
Order:
Caryophyllales
Family:
Cactaceae
Subfamily:
Cactoideae
Tribe:
Cacteae
Genus:
Escobaria

Type species

Species

See text

Escobaria, pincushion cactus or foxtail cactus[1] is a genus of low-growing cacti that range from the southernmost parts of central and western Canada through northern Mexico, with one species in Cuba. The genus comprises about 23 species. The term "pincushion cactus" may also refer to the related Mammillaria.

The stems of Escobaria range from globose to cylindrical, and lack nectar-secreting glands; while ribs are absent, tubercles are present, tending to become corky and deciduous as they age. The flowers usually appear in spring and may have a variety of colors, while the fruits are almost always red. The seeds in this genus are notable for being deeply pitted.

Common species include the Missouri foxtail cactus E. missouriensis,[2] widespread in grassland and forest west of the Mississippi, and the spinystar E. vivipara,[3] distributed across the US and into Canada, first described by Nuttall in 1813.

Escobaria was defined by Nathaniel Britton and Joseph Rose in their major work The Cactaceae (1923); they named the genus after Rómulo and Numa Escobar. The cacti of this genus bear many similarities to Coryphantha and Mammillaria. Two species were recently moved to Acharagma.

Taxonomy[]

The following genera have been brought into synonymy with Escobaria:

Species[]

Section Group Image Scientific name Subspecies Distribution
Pleurantha N.P.Taylor Escobaria chihuahuensis subsp. chihuahuensis (8754420622).jpg Britton & Rose
  • Escobaria chihuahuensis subsp. chihuahuensis
  • Escobaria chihuahuensis subsp. henricksonii (Glass & R.A.Foster) N.P.Taylor
 Mexico
Escobaria Escobaria varicolor.jpg (Engelm.) Britton & Rose New Mexico, Mexico
Sneedii Group Escobaria albicolumnaria SB990.JPG Hester Big Bend area of west Texas
Escobaria guadalupensis SB910 DSC 0414.jpg S.Brack & K.D.Heil Texas
Escobaria laredoi.jpg (Glass & R.A.Foster) N.P.Taylor Coahuila de Zaragoza - Mexico
Escobaria orcuttii SB257.JPG Boed.
  • Escobaria orcuttii var. orcuttii
  • Escobaria orcuttii var. koenigii Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer.
  • Escobaria orcuttii var. macraxina Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer.
 Arizona, New Mexico - United States
Escobaria sneedii organensis SB823.jpg (Zimmerman) Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer. New Mexico
Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer. New Mexico
Escobaria sneedii flower.jpg Escobaria sneedii Britton & Rose
  • Escobaria sneedii subsp. sneedii
  • Escobaria sneedii subsp. leei (Rose ex Boed.) D.R.Hunt
 New Mexico, Texas
Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer. New Mexico
Vivipara Group Coryphantha alversonii.jpg (J.M.Coult.) N.P.Taylor Arizona, California
Escobaria deserti 8.jpg (Engelm. ex S.Watson) Buxb. Arizona, California
Escobaria hesteri 1601.jpg (Y.Wright) Buxb. Texas
2016.06.02 16.21.36 DSC04678 - Flickr - andrey zharkikh.jpg Escobaria vivipara (Nutt.) Buxb. Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan ), Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Sonora), United States (Arizona, California (state), Colorado, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming)
Neobesseya (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor Escobaria emskoeterriana (5664136008).jpg (Quehl) Borg Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza, Tamaulipas ), United States (Texas)
Dasyacantha Group Escobaria dasyacantha ssp. chaffeyi SB966.JPG (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
  • Escobaria dasyacantha subsp. dasyacantha
  • Escobaria dasyacantha subsp. chaffeyi (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor
 Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Zacatecas), USA (Texas, New Mexico)
(Hester) Backeb. New Mexico, Texas
Britton & Rose Mexico (Zacatecas)
Escobaria minima.jpg Escobaria minima (Baird) D.R.Hunt Texas
Escobaria robbinsorum 1116.jpg (W.H.Earle) D.R.Hunt Arizona
Missouriensis Group Escobaria cubensis.JPG (Britton & Rose) D.R.Hunt Cuba
Escobaria missouriensis var. asperispina.jpg Escobaria missouriensis (Sweet) D.R.Hunt
  • Escobaria missouriensis subsp. missouriensis
  • Escobaria missouriensis subsp. asperispina (Boed.) N.P.Taylor
 USA ( Arizona, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, North Dakota), Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza, Nuevo Leon)
(Boed.) Backeb. Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza)

References[]

  1. ^ "Escobaria Britton & Rose foxtail cactus" PLANTS database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
  2. ^ "Escobaria missouriensis (Sweet) D.R. Hunt - Missouri foxtail cactus" PLANTS database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
  3. ^ "Escobaria vivipara (Nutt.) Buxbaum - spinystar" PLANTS database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
  • Anderson, Edward F. (2001) Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, pp. 307–314, ISBN 0-88192-498-9
  • Genus Escobaria Eng/De/Cz

External links[]

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