Eugeneodontida
| Eugeneodontida | |
|---|---|
| |
| Helicoprion davisii | |
| |
| Skull of Edestus heinrichi | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Superorder: | †Paraselachimorpha |
| Order: | †Eugeneodontida Zangerl, 1981 |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The Eugeneodontida is an extinct and poorly known order of cartilaginous fishes. They possessed "tooth-whorls" on the symphysis of either the lower or both jaws and pectoral fins supported by long radials. They probably lacked pelvic fins and anal fins.[3] The palatoquadrate was either fused to the skull or reduced. Now determined to be within the Holocephali, their closest living relatives are ratfish.[4] The eugeneodonts are named after paleontologist Eugene S. Richardson, Jr.[5] The Eugeneodontida disappeared in the Early Triassic.[6]
Members of the Eugeneodontida are further classified into different families, the most well-preserved members that have been discovered are commonly placed within the families Helicoprionidae ("spiral saws"), and Edestidae ("those which devour"), the former containing the genera Helicoprion, Sarcoprion, and Parahelicoprion, and the latter containing the genera Edestus, , and . All eugeneodonts are thought to have been obligate carnivores, with each genus having specialized feeding behaviors, territory ranges, and specific prey.
Taxonomy[7][]
- Superfamily Caseodontoidea
- Family
- Genus Caseodus
- Genus
- Genus Fadenia
- Genus Ornithoprion
- Genus
- Genus Romerodus
- Family
- Genus Bobbodus
- Genus
- Genus
- Family incertae sedis
- Genus Campodus
- Genus
- Genus
- Family
- Superfamily
- Family Helicoprionidae
- Genus Agassizodus
- Genus Arpagodus
- Genus
- Genus Helicoprion
- Genus Parahelicoprion
- Genus Sarcoprion
- Genus Toxoprion
- Family Edestidae
- Genus Edestus
- Genus
- Genus
- Genus
- Genus
- Family incertae sedis
- Genus
- Family Helicoprionidae
References[]
- ^ Mutter, Raoul J., and Andrew G. Neuman. "New eugeneodontid sharks from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain Formation of Western Canada." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 295.1 (2008): 9-41.
- ^ The Paleobiology Database - Eugeneodontiformes
- ^ Lebedev, O.A. (2009). "A new specimen of Helicoprion Karpinsky, 1899 from Kazakhstanian Cisurals and a new reconstruction of its tooth whorl position and function". Acta Zoologica. 90: 171–182. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2008.00353.x. ISSN 0001-7272.
- ^ Tapanila L.; Pruitt J.; Pradel A.; Wilga C.; Ramsay J.; Schlader R.; Didier D. (2013). "Jaws for a spiral-tooth whorl: CT images reveal novel adaptation and phylogeny in fossil Helicoprion". Biology Letters. 9 (2): 20130057. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2013.0057. PMC 3639784. PMID 23445952.
- ^ Zangerl, R. (1981). Handbook of Paleoichthyology. Volume 3A. Chondrichthyes I. Paleozoic Elasmobranchi. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. ISBN 978-3-89937-045-4.
- ^ Scheyer, Torsten M.; Romano, Carlo; Jenks, Jim; Bucher, Hugo (19 March 2014). "Early Triassic Marine Biotic Recovery: The Predators' Perspective". PLOS ONE. 9 (3): e88987. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...988987S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088987. PMC 3960099. PMID 24647136.
- ^ Ginter, M.; Hampe, O.; Duffin, C. (2010). Handbook of Paleoichthyology. Volume 3D. Chondrichthyes. Paleozoic Elasmobranchi: Teeth. Munich: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil. ISBN 978-3-89937-116-1.
External links[]
- [1] Palaeos Vertebrates 70.100 Chondrichthyes: Eugnathostomata at paleos.com
- JSTOR: Journal of Paleontology Vol. 70, No. 1 (Jan., 1996), pp. 162-165
- More about Chondrichthyes at Devonian Times
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- Eugeneodontida
- Mississippian first appearances
- Mississippian taxonomic orders
- Pennsylvanian taxonomic orders
- Cisuralian taxonomic orders
- Guadalupian taxonomic orders
- Lopingian taxonomic orders
- Early Triassic taxonomic orders
- Early Triassic extinctions
- Prehistoric cartilaginous fish orders
- Prehistoric cartilaginous fish stubs