Eumetabola

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Eumetabola
Gaint Honey Bee (Apis dorsata) on Tribulus terrestris W IMG 1020.jpg
Apis dorsata on Tribulus terrestris
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Infraclass: Neoptera
(unranked): Eumetabola

Eumetabola is an unranked clade of Neoptera. Two large unities known as the and Eumetabola are probably from the of the Neoptera after exclusion of the Plecoptera. The monophyly of these unities appears to be weakly justified.[1]

Eumetabola has the highest number of species of any clade. According to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses Eumetabola could have first appeared in Middle Devonian (391 million years ago) to the era of late Pennsylvania (311 million years ago). In addition to this, it would have also appeared in Hemiptera (310 million years ago).

Phylogeny[]

The phylogeny of Eumetabola is shown in the cladogram according to Kluge 2004, 2010, and 2012:[2][3][4]


Neoptera
 
 

Embia major hor.png

 
 

Gryllidae usda.png

 
 
Eumetabola
 

Zoraptera (angel insects) Zorotypus guineensis (white background).jpg

 
Acercaria
Condylognatha
 

Thysanoptera (thrips) Thrips (PSF) (white background).png

 
 

Hemiptera (bugs) Dorisiana bicolor MHNT, Montsinéry, Guyane dos vol 2.jpg

 
 
 

Psocoptera (bark lice) Psocoptera (white background).jpg

 
 

Phthiraptera (lice) Lice Body (cropped).png

 
 
 
 
Endopterygota
 
 

Coleoptera (beetles) Pseudacrossus przewalskyi (Reitter, 1887).jpg

 
 

Strepsiptera (twisted-wing parasites) Elenchus koebelei.jpg

 
Neuropterida
 

Neuroptera (net-winged insects) Osmylus (white background).jpg

 
 
 

Raphidioptera (snakeflies) Raphidia icon.png

 
 

Megaloptera (alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies) Corydalus cornutus illustration (rotated).png

 
 
Neuropteroidea
 
 
 
Antliophora
 

Diptera (true flies) Common house fly, Musca domestica.jpg

 
 
 

Mecoptera (scorpionflies) Scorpionfly (white background).jpg

 
 
 

Boreidae (snow scorpionflies) Boreus hiemalis2 detail.jpg

 
 

Siphonaptera (fleas) Pulex irritans female ZSM (white background).jpg

 
 
 
 
Amphiesmenoptera
 

Trichoptera (caddisflies) RHYACOPHILA DORSALIS Male Pont Forge de Sailly Watigny 02 MHNT.jpg

 
 

Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) Arctia villica SLU.JPG

 
 
 
 

Hymenoptera (sawflies, wasps, ants, bees) European wasp white bg.jpg

 
 
 
 
 


References[]

  1. ^ Paurometabola — Eumetabola link.springer.com
  2. ^ Kluge, Nikita J. (2004). "Larval/pupal leg transformation and a new diagnosis for the taxon Metabola Burmeister, 1832 = Oligoneoptera Martynov, 1923" (PDF). Russian Entomological Journal. 13 (4): 189–229.
  3. ^ Kluge, Nikita J. (2010). "Circumscriptional names of higher taxa in Hexapoda" (PDF). Bionomina. 1: 15–55. doi:10.11646/bionomina.1.1.3.
  4. ^ Kluge, Nikita J. (2012). "General System of Neoptera with Description of a New Species of Embioptera" (PDF). Russian Entomological Journal. 21 (4): 371–384. doi:10.15298/rusentj.21.4.03.

External links[]

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